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上海城郊夏季VOCs变化特征及其对O_(3)污染的贡献分析

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环境科学 2024年第8期45卷 4440-4447页

作者：王茜上海市环境监测中心上海200235 复旦大学环境科学与工程系上海200438

为深入了解夏季大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)对O_(3)污染的影响,基于上海城郊点位VOCs、O_(3)以及气象要素的在线监测数据,开展O_(3)污染时段VOCs的变化特征和活性贡献分析,研究关键气象要素和气团传输对O_(3)和VOCs的影响.结果表明,上海城... 详细信息

为深入了解夏季大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)对O_(3)污染的影响,基于上海城郊点位VOCs、O_(3)以及气象要素的在线监测数据,开展O_(3)污染时段VOCs的变化特征和活性贡献分析,研究关键气象要素和气团传输对O_(3)和VOCs的影响.结果表明,上海城郊夏季大气φ(VOCs)小时平均值为(20.91±9.82)×10^(-9),各组分构成最大的是烷烃和OVOCs,占比均为30.2%.O_(3)污染日φ(VOCs)平均值为(23.84±9.69)×10^(-9),较清洁日上升28.1%.污染日VOCs的OFP为126.9μg·m^(-3),较清洁日上升31.9%,其中烯烃OFP贡献率明显上升,丙烯和丙酮等物种较清洁日偏高最多,说明以上组分和物种需要重点加强管控.乙烷和乙炔的比值(E/E)和间/对-二甲苯与乙苯比值(X/E)的变化特征表明:上海城郊地区夏季气团存在明显的区域传输影响,且主要出现在下午和夜间.污染玫瑰图和气团后向轨迹研究结果表明,来自偏南和西南方向的气团对上海城郊VOCs体积分数的传输影响最大,尤其是来自偏南气团的烯烃和OVOCs,以及来自西南方向的芳香烃.

关键词：挥发性有机物(VOCs) 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 后向轨迹聚类分析上海

Influence of misting system on the thermal environment and thermal comfort of seated people in semi-outdoor space in Xi’an,China

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第3期13卷 668-681页

作者： Xu Xie Zhen Sun Xi Zhu Shengkai Zhao Zun wang Yongchao Zhai College of Architecture Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China State Key Laboratory of Green Building Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China

In summer,factors such as solar radiation could make semi-outdoor spaces uncomfortable,and the use of misting systems for evaporative cooling is a low-energy improvement *** investigate the impact of misting system on the thermal environment and thermal comfort of seated people improvement,a field study was conducted at a semi-outdoor cafeteria in Xi’*** results indicated that the misting system was capable of reducing the ambient air temperature by 2.4-4.9℃and increasing the relative humidity by 17.1%-17.8%.Participants in misting condition reported lower thermal sensation and higher thermal acceptability,thermal preference,humidity sensation,humidity preference and humidity *** no misting condition,the upper SET*limit acceptable to 80%of the population was 28.5℃.However,in the misting condition,the acceptable percentage of participants in each SET)interval was more than 90%.When SET)was 22.1-23.7℃,the improvement in human thermal comfort through misting system was not *** SET)was 23.7-28.5℃,the misting system significantly improve human thermal ***,two control temperature thresholds of the misting system were provided according to the relationship between 80%,the maximum(89.3%)acceptable percentage and the air temperature,which were 30.1℃and 26.5℃,respectively.

关键词： Misting system Thermal environment Thermal response Acceptable temperature Control strategy

Interdecadal variation of drought patterns and associated influencing factors in the north-south transitional zone of China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第7期34卷 1253-1279页

作者： DONG Qingdong ZHU Lianqi DUAN Zheng wang Liyuan CHEN Chaonan LI Yanhong ZHU Wenbo GURUNG Sher Bahadur The College of Geography and Environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifengHenan475004China Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund UniversityLundS-22362Sweden Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44600Nepal

In the context of global warming,escalating water cycles have led to a surge in drought frequency and ***,multidecadal fluctuations in drought and their multifaceted influencing factors remain inadequately *** study examined the multidecadal changes in drought characteristics(frequency,duration,and severity)and their geographical focal points within China's north-south transitional zone,the Qinling-Daba Mountains(QDM),from 1960 to 2017 using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI).In addition,a suite of eight scenarios,correlation analysis,and wavelet coherence were used to identify the meteorological and circulation factors that influenced drought *** results indicate the following:(1)From 1960 to 2017,the QDM experienced significant interdecadal variations in drought frequency,duration,and severity,the climate was relatively humid before the 1990s,but drought intensified ***,the 1990s marked the period of the longest drought duration and greatest severity,while the years spanning 2010 to 2017 experienced the highest frequency of drought events.(2)Spatially,the Qinling Mountains,particularly the western Qinling Mountain,exhibited higher drought frequency,duration,and severity than the Daba *** disparity can be attributed to higher rates of temperature increase and precipitation decrease in the western Qinling Mountain.(3)Interdecadal variations in droughts in the QDM were directly influenced by the synergistic effects of interdecadal fluctuations in air temperature and *** factors modulate temperature and precipitation through phase transitions,thereby affecting drought dynamics in the *** Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation emerges as the primary circulation factors influencing temperature changes,with a mid-1990s shift to a positive phase favoring *** East Asian summer Monsoon and El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation are the main circulation factors a

关键词： drought standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index multidecadal shift transitional zone Qinling-Daba Mountains

Feasibility of condensate water recycle of split air handling unit in Chinese University buildings

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第2期5卷 309-315页

作者： Xiang Deng Yiyun Shen Senwang Yang Jingyang Feng Si wang Dongyue Li Yanru Li College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning Sichuan Agricultural UniversityDujiangyan CampusChengdu611130China

Recycling the condensate water of the air conditioner could be explored as an alternative water source to con-tribute to building the green *** paper explored the condensate water production through actual mea-surement based on a split air handling unit(SAHU)in a university ***,the statistical analysis was used to analyze the recycling feasibility and the impact factors of the condensate water production in 31 Chinese provincial capital cities to obtain the recycling potential map of the condensate water generated from a *** showed that:(1)In the measurement,the amount of condensate water produced by a single split air conditioner was 1.6 kg from 12:40 to 13:***,the daily output of condensate water of the air condi-tioner with the university operation schedule could reach 52.99 kg during the main air-conditioning season.(2)Among the 31 provincial capital cities in China,the largest condensate water outputs could be found in the Hot summer and Warm Winter zone and the Hot summer and Cold Winter zone,with an average monthly output of 1600 kg and 1100 kg,respectively.(3)Regression analysis showed that the dry-bulb temperature and dew point temperature of outdoor air had the highest positive and significant influence on condensate water *** objective of this study is to provide theoretical guidance for the design and energy conservation evaluation of the feasibility of SAHU condensate water recycling in universities.

关键词： Condensate water Recycling Regression analysis Split air handling unit University buildings

The variation of DOM during long distance water transport by the China South to North Water Diversion Scheme and impact on drinking water treatment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 85-100页

作者： Hankun Yang Yujuan Li Hongyu Liu Nigel J.D.Graham Xue Wu Jiawei Hou Mengjie Liu Wenyu wang Wenzheng Yu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and TechnologyResearch Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China School of Environment and Municipal Engineering Qingdao Technological UniversityQingdao266033China Colleges of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150006China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane Processes School of Environment Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China

In this study,samples were taken from three locations,upstream to downstream,along the central route project of the China South to North Water Diversion(SNWD)scheme in summer and *** were used to reveal the variations of dissolved organic matter(DOM)during the water transfer process,and the effects of these variations on drinking water treatment and disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPs-FP).The results showed that polysaccharides accumulate in summer and reduce in winter with flow distance,which has an important effect on the overall properties of DOM,as well as on the performance of coagulation,ultrafiltration,and the formation of *** substances,and their hydrophilic content,also increased in summer and decreased in winter with flow *** contrast,the concentration of small organic substances(MW≤1000 Da)increased in both summer and winter with flow distance,which affected both nanofiltration(NF)membrane fouling and *** results provide a useful case study of spatial and temporal changes in raw water DOM during long distance water transfer and their impact on the treatment and quality of drinking water from the SNWD.

关键词： Long-distance water transfer The China South to North Water Diversion Scheme Coagulation Membrane filtration Disinfection by-products

Water-soluble organic matter with various polarities in PM_(2.5) over Xi'an,China:Abundance,functional groups,and light absorption

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 281-289页

作者： Xueting Yang Shasha Huang Dan Li Hongmei Xu Yaling Zeng Liu Yang Diwei wang Ningning Zhang Junji Cao Zhenxing Shen Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an710049China

Humic-like substances(HULIS)are a major component of brown carbon and consequently play a major role in climate *** this study,70 PM_(2.5) samples were collected from Xi'an in winter 2019 and summer *** HULIS(HULIS-n),acidic HULIS(HULIS-a),and high-polarity water-soluble organic compounds(HP-WSOC)were analyzed to determine their carbon concentrations and measure their ultraviolet-visible absorption and infrared *** the three components,HULIS-n had the highest carbon content in both winter(3.29±1.45μg m^(-3))and in summer(1.38±1.10μg m^(-3)).The semi-quantitative results for the functional groups revealed that HP-WSOC was rich in carboxylic acids and had high aromaticity in winter,whereas HULIS-n was rich in carboxylic acids in ***,HULJS-a was richer in nitrate esters and saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons in summer than in *** results for specific ultraviolet absorbance(SUVA)and E_(250)/E_(365) revealed that HULIS had higher molecular weight and aromaticity in winter than in ***-n dominated in the total light absorption of HULIS+HP-WSOC in both winter(73.08%)and summer(48.57%).Overall,the results on the carbon content,optical properties,and functional groups of WSOCs with differing polarity can improve un-derstanding of environmental and climatic effects.

关键词： Humic-like substances(HULIS) Aromaticity Fourier-transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy Light absorbance

Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Parainfluenza Viruses Infections-China,2019-2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第12期6卷 235-241,I0003,I0004页

作者： Yixuan Gao Yingwei Ma Daxing Feng Feng Zhang Biao wang Xiaoqing Liu Bing Zhu Hui Xie Linqing Zhao Xiaoru Long Ying Chen Bing wang Jie Jiang Zhen Zhu Yan Zhang Aili Cui Baicheng Xia Naiying Mao National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Precision Medicine Research Center Children’s Hospital of ChangchunChangchun CityJilin ProvinceChina Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Zhengzhou CityHenan ProvinceChina Laboratory of Viral Diseases Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionQingdao CityShandong ProvinceChina Virus Laboratory Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionLanzhou CityGansu ProvinceChina Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanchang CityGansu ProvinceChina Virus Laboratory Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute for Immunization and Prevention Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and ControlAcademy for Preventive MedicineInstitute of Tuberculosis Control Research and PreventionBeijingChina Laboratory of Virology Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in ChildrenCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina Department of Infection Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hohhot CityInner Mongolia Autonomous RegionChina Shenyang Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shenyang CityLiaoning ProvinceChina

Introduction:A retrospective study based on sentinel surveillance was conducted in 10 provinciallevel administrative divisions(PLADs)in China to enhance the understanding of the epidemiological characteristics of human parainfluenza viruses(HPIVs).Methods:From January 2019 to June 2023,respiratory specimens were collected from individuals with acute respiratory infections(ARIs)and screened for four HPIVs serotypes and other common respiratory viruses using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR).This study analyzed the association of HPIVs infections with seasonal patterns,geographical distribution,demographic profiles,clinical features,and co-infection ***:During the study period,a total of 12,866 ARIs were *** overall detection rate of HPIVs was 6.15%,varying from 5.04%in 2022 to 9.70%in *** median age of HPIVs-infected patients was 3 ***2 was more prevalent among individuals aged 5–17 years(42.57%),while HPIV4 was more common in those over 65 years(12.24%).HPIV3(54.16%)and HPIV1(27.18%)were the predominant serotypes,and their prevalence exhibited significant seasonal fluctuations postcoronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** peak of HPIV3 shifted three months later in 2020 compared to 2019 and returned to a summer peak *** peaks of HPIV1 were observed in 2021 following the peak of ***,coinfections were frequent in HPIVs cases(overall rate:22.12%),with human rhinovirus being the most common co-infecting ***:The prevalence of HPIVs in China was predominantly due to HPIV3 and HPIV1,and their seasonal patterns were altered by pandemic ***,continuous surveillance of HPIVs is essential.

关键词： prevalence seasonal Human

AHFO-based soil water content sensing technology considering soil-sensor thermal contact resistance

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2715-2731页

作者： Mengya Sun Peng Wu Bin Shi Jin Liu Jie Liu Juncheng Yao Yipin Lu Yunqiang wang Xiaoyan Li School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong Kong999077Hong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an710061China

The actively heated fiber-optic(AHFO)technology has become emerged as a research focus due to its advantages of distributed,real-time measurement and good *** attributes have led to the gradual application of AHFO technology to the water content measurement of in situ ***,all existing in situ applications of AHFO technology fail to consider the effect of soilesensor contact quality on water content measurements,limiting potential for the wider application of AHFO *** address this issue,the authors propose a method for determining the soilesensor thermal contact resistance based on the principle of an infinite cylindrical heat *** is then used to establish an AHFO water content measurement technology that considers the thermal contact *** reliability and validity of the new measurement technology are explored through a laboratory test and a field case study,and the spatial-temporal evolution of the soil water content in the case is *** results demonstrate that method for determining the soilesensor thermal contact resistance is highly effective and applicable to all types of *** method requires only the moisture content,dry density,and thermal response of the in situ soil to be *** the field case,the measurement error of soil water content between the AHFO method,which takes into account the thermal contact resistance,and the neutron scattering method is only *** water content of in situ soil exhibits a seasonal variation,with an increase in spring and autumn and a decrease in summer and ***,the response of shallow soils to precipitation and evaporation is *** findings contribute to the enhancement of the accuracy of the AHFO technology in the measurement of the water content of in situ soils,thereby facilitating the dissemination and utilization of this technology.

关键词： Soil water content Actively heated fiber-optic(AHFO) technology Soilesensor thermal contact resistance Reliability In situ application

Combining conservation tillage with nitrogen fertilization promotes maize straw decomposition by regulating soil microbial community and enzyme activities

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 783-796页

作者： Houping ZHANG Xueqin TANG Quanming HOU Yuanpeng ZHU Zhangheng REN Huanxin XIE Yuncheng LIAO Weiyan wang Xiaoxia WEN College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Straw return can effectively improve farmland soil microenvironment and ***,excessive straw in the topsoil adversely affects seed germination and crop *** present,the characteristics and key driving factors of straw decomposition in dry farmlands are *** on the interactions between tillage practices including zero tillage(ZT),chisel tillage(CT),and plow tillage(PT)and nitrogen(N)fertilization,i.e.,low N(N1,180 kg ha^(-1)),normal N(N2,240 kg ha^(-1)),and high N(N3,300 kg ha^(-1)),quantitative polymerase chain reaction technology and an enzymatic detection kit were used to investigate the effects of key straw C-degrading enzyme activities and microbial abundance in soil on maize straw decomposition during the growth period of winter wheat in the winter wheat/summer maize double cropping system in a dry farmland of the Loess Plateau,*** 2018 and 2020,ZT and CT significantly increased winter wheat yield(by 10.94%and 12.79%,respectively)and straw decomposition velocity(by 20%and 26.67%,respectively),compared with *** to N1 and N3,N2 significantly increased wheat yield(by 4.65%and 5.31%,respectively)and straw decomposition velocity(by 26.33%and 13.21%,respectively).The partial least squares pathway modelling showed significant positive direct effects of soil moisture,NO3-,NH4+,total N,bacteria,and cellulase,laccase,and xylanase activities on straw decomposition,while soil pH,fungi,and Actinomycetes had significant negative direct ***,conservation tillage(ZT and CT)combined with N2 was beneficial for straw decomposition in the drylands of the Loess Plateau and improved straw resource utilization and basic soil *** results of the study clarified the key drivers of straw decomposition in dry farmlands and provided new ideas for developing updated soil management practices and adaptive N application strategies to promote the resource utilization of straw and achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon ne

关键词： hydrolytic enzyme microbial biomass oxidative enzyme straw decomposition velocity tillage practice