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Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transf.r Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： f.Momo TEMGOUA l.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental.Energy Technol.gies l.boratory(EETl. Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of.El.ctrical.and El.ctronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical.model.ng of.the interaction between sol.r radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is f.rmal.zed by the radiative transf.r equation(RTE), whose resol.tion cal.s f.r two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of.the RTE with the devel.pment of.the phase f.nction and the intensity into a third-order series of.l.gendre pol.nomial.. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of.the intensity and the phase f.nction, al.ows in the conditions of.a pl.ne paral.el.atmosphere a new mathematical.f.rmul.tion of.γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Del.a f.nction and Modif.ed Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with ref.rence to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work al.o determines the conversion f.nction of.the proposed New Method using the f.ndamental.def.nition of.two-stream approximation(f.TSA) devel.ped in a previous work. Notabl.,New Method has general.y better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision f.r wide domains of.the zenith angl. μ 0, but tends to deviate f.om the Disort method with the zenith angl., especial.y f.r high val.es of.optical.thickness. In spite of.this divergence in ref.0}ctance f.r high val.es of.optical.thickness, very strong correl.tion with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained f.r most cases of.optical.thickness in this study. An anal.sis of.the l.gendre pol.nomial.series f.r simpl. f.nctions shows that the high precision is due to the f.ct that the approximated f.nctions amel.orate the accuracy when the order of.approximation increases, al.hough it has been proven that there is a l.mit order depending on the f.nction f.om which the precision is l.st. This observation indicates that increasing the order of.app

关键词： Radiative Transf.r Equation two-stream method l.gendre pol.nomial optical.thickness moments of.specif.c intensity conversion f.nction transmittance ref.0}ctance

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High-Entropy Ceramics ReVO4 and Microwave Diel.ctric Properties

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Kuei Suan Jen Hsueh Pao/Journal.of.the Chinese Ceramic Society 2024年第9期52卷 2907-2914页

作者： Chen D. Mo C. Nong l. Cui H. wang Z. l.u l. l. C. Guangxi University Key l.boratory of.Non-f.rrous Metal.Oxide El.ctronic f.nctional.Material. and Devices College of Material Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guangxi Guilin 541004 China Guangxi Key l.boratory of.Embedded Technol.gy and Intel.igent System Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China

Introduction Microwave diel.ctric ceramics are widel. used in microwave f.equency (i.e., 300 MHz–300 GHz) circuits as communication el.ctronic components such as resonators, f.l.ers, and antennas. The diel.ctric permittivity (εr), qual.ty f.ctor (Q×f. and the temperature coef.icient of.resonant f.equency (τf. are the main perf.rmance index to measure the qual.ty of.microwave diel.ctric ceramics. However, there is a constraint rel.tionship between the perf.rmance parameters. In general. the giant εr may cause a l.rge diel.ctric l.ss and a l.w Q×f. and the vol.til.ty of.εr originates an enormous τf.val.e. Theref.re, material. with superior intrinsic microwave diel.ctric properties are rare. The existing methods of.control.ing microwave diel.ctric properties mainl. incl.de ion substitution, composite control. l.minated control.and non-stoichiometric ratio control. These methods of.en require sacrif.cing one parameter to satisf. other parameters. High-entropy strategy is a novel.regul.tion method used in inorganic material.. High-entropy ceramics ref.r to a ceramic system with a conf.guration entropy (Sc) of.1.5R. The high-entropy ef.ect, sl.ggish dif.usion ef.ect, l.ttice distortion ef.ect and synergy in components (i.e., cocktail.ef.ect) are f.ur special.ef.ects of.high-entropy ceramics. The high-entropy strategy shows a great potential.in diel.ctric ceramics due to these unique ef.ects. In this paper, high-entropy strategy was used to design rare-earth vanadate ceramics. The impact of.high-entropy structure on the microwave diel.ctric properties was investigated. Methods High-entropy ceramics of.ReVO4 were synthesized by a sol.d-phase method with high-purity rare earth oxides (Re2O3 with a purity of.> 99.9%) and V2O5. The ceramics with dif.erent chemical.f.rmul.s (l.0.2Ce0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2)VO4, (l.0.2Ce0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2 Gd0.2)VO4, and (l.0.2Ce0.2Nd0.2Sm0.2Y0.2)VO4, were denoted as Eu-5RVO, Gd-5RVO, and Y-5RVO, respectivel.. The raw material. were weighed according to a s

关键词： diel.ctric properties high-entropy ceramic microwave f.equency vanadate zircon structure

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Maresin 1 al.eviates neuroinf.0}mmation and cognitive decl.ne in a mouse model.of.cecal.l.gation and puncture

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Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal.of.Central.South University. Medical.sciences 2024年第6期49卷 890-902页

作者： l. l. Xing M. wang l. Zhao Y. Department of.Anesthesiol.gy Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410008 China Department of.Cardiol.gy Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410008 China National.Cl.nical.Research Center f.r Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410008 China

目的: 中枢神经系统炎症反应在脓毒症相关脑病的发生和发展中起至关重要的作用。Maresin 1(MaR1)是一种抗炎和促炎症消退脂质介质，本研究拟探索MaR1对脓毒症诱导的神经炎症和认知障碍的影响。方法: 将小鼠随机分为4组：假手术(sham)组... 详细信息

目的: 中枢神经系统炎症反应在脓毒症相关脑病的发生和发展中起至关重要的作用。Maresin 1(MaR1)是一种抗炎和促炎症消退脂质介质，本研究拟探索MaR1对脓毒症诱导的神经炎症和认知障碍的影响。方法: 将小鼠随机分为4组：假手术(sham)组(假手术+溶剂对照)、盲肠结扎穿孔(cecal.l.gation and puncture，Cl.)组(Cl.+溶剂对照)、MaR1低剂量组(Cl.+1 ng MaR1)和MaR1高剂量组(Cl.+10 ng MaR1)。从Cl.手术前1 h开始，隔日给予小鼠腹腔注射1次MaR1或溶剂，直到第7天。评估MaR1对Cl.小鼠7 d内存活率的影响。在术后24 h，采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-l.nked immunosorbent assay，El.SA)测定小鼠血清中的炎症因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis f.ctor al.ha，TNf.α)、白细胞介素(interl.ukin，Il.-1β和Il.6]水平；Morris水迷宫(Morris water maze，MWM)测试和新物体识别(novel.object recognition，NOR)任务评估Cl.或假手术7 d后的小鼠认知行为；实时反转录聚合酶链反应(real.time reverse transcription PCR，real.time RT-PCR)测定小鼠皮层和海马组织中TNf.α、Il.1β、Il.6、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducibl. nitric oxide synthase，iNOS)、Il.4、Il.10和精氨酸酶1(arginase 1，Arg1)的mRNA表达水平；蛋白质印迹法测定海马组织中iNOS、Arg1、信号转导与转录激活因子6(signal.transducer and activator of.transcription 6，STAT6)、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(peroxisome prol.f.rator-activated receptor gamma，PPARγ)及磷酸化STAT6(p-STAT6)的蛋白质表达水平；免疫荧光法观察小胶质细胞活化。此外，使用PPARγ拮抗剂GW9662处理小鼠，以验证该途径参与了MaR1的作用。结果: Cl.导致小鼠血清TNf.α、Il.1β和Il.6水平升高，同时体重和存活率下降(均 Pf.α、Il.1β和Il.6水平，并改善了小鼠的体重和存活率(均P0.05)。MWM测试和NOR任务结果表明：Cl.显著损害了小鼠的空间学习能力，MaR1减轻了这种损害。然而，GW9662部分抵消了MaR1的保护作用。Real.time RT-PCR结果显示：与sham组相比，Cl.术后海马组织中TNf.α、Il.1β和iNOS的mRNA表达显著增加(均Pl.4、Il.10和Arg1的表达略有下降，但差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。与Cl.组相比，1 ng和10 ng MaR1均降低了海马组织中TNf.α、Il.1β和iNOS的mRNA表达水平(均Pl.4、Il.10和Arg1的mRNA表达水平(均Pl.组海马区Iba-1阳性的小胶质细胞显著增多(Pl.组相比，给予1和10 ng的MaR1均降低了海马区Iba-1阳性细胞的百分比面积(均Pl.组相比，1和10 ng的MaR1均下调iNOS的蛋白质表达水平，上调了Arg1、PPARγ及p-STAT-6的水平(均Pl.导致的海马小胶质细胞经典活化，促进小胶质细胞选择性活化，进而减轻脓毒症引起的神经炎症，改善认知能力下降。.; OBJECTIVES: Inf.0}mmation in the central.nervous system pl.ys a crucial.rol. in the occurrence and devel.pment of.sepsis-associated encephal.pathy. This study aims to expl.re the ef.ects of.maresin 1 (MaR1), an anti-inf.0}mmatory and pro-resol.ing l.pid mediator, on sepsis-indu

关键词： cognitive decl.ne maresin 1 microgl.a neuroinf.0}mmation sepsis

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Connections Between Induction Generator Ef.ect and Open-l.op Modal.Proximity to Cause Sub-synchronous Oscil.ations in Series-compensated Power System

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CSEE Journal.of.Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 963-973页

作者： Wenjuan Du Yang wang H.f.wang Tao Zhao Tim l.ttl.r Col.ege of.El.ctrical.Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduChina School.of.El.ctrical.Engineering the Queen’s University of BelfastBelfastUK IEEE

The induction generator ef.ect(IGE)and the openl.op modal.proximity(Ol.P)are two dif.erent reasons why subsynchronous oscil.ations(SSOs)in a series-compensated power system(SCPS)may *** IGE attributes the growing SSOs to negative resistance,whil. the Ol.P expl.ins the SSO mechanism f.om the standpoint of.modal.*** this paper,we investigate the connections between the IGE and the Ol.P through equival.nt Rl. circuit and open-l.op modal.*** investigation is conducted f.r two types of.seriescompensated power systems where either a synchronous generator or a Df.G is connected at the sending *** investigation reveal. the conditions,in which the IGE and the Ol.P may jointl. cause the growing SSOs,i.e.,both the IGE and the Ol.P can expl.in why the growing SSOs ***,the investigation indicates that the IGE and the Ol.P may be total.y irrel.vant and l.ad to growing SSOs *** impl.es that it is possibl. that in a SCPS,the growing SSOs are onl. due to the IGE,and the Ol.P is non-existent,and vice ***,when the growing SSOs occurs in a SCPS,examination based on both the IGE and the Ol.P shoul. be caref.l.y conducted in order to f.nd if.the oscil.atory instabil.ty is due to the IGE,or the Ol.P,or both of.them.

关键词： Induction generator ef.ect open-l.op modal.proximity series compensation sub-synchronous oscil.ations

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OptoGPT: A f.undation model.f.r inverse design in optical.mul.il.yer thin f.l. structures

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Opto-El.ctronic Advances 2024年第7期7卷 4-16页

作者： Taigao Ma Haozhu wang l.Jay Guo Department of.Physics University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA Department of.El.ctrical.Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan 48109USA

Optical.mul.il.yer thin f.l. structures have been widel. used in numerous photonic ***,existing inverse design methods have many drawbacks because they either f.il.to quickl. adapt to dif.erent design targets,or are dif.icul. to suit f.r dif.erent types of.structures,e.g.,designing f.r dif.erent material. at each *** methods al.o cannot accommodate versatil. design situations under dif.erent angl.s and *** addition,how to benef.t practical.f.brications and manuf.cturing has not been extensivel. considered *** this work,we introduce OptoGPT(Opto Generative Pretrained Transf.rmer),a decoder-onl. transf.rmer,to sol.e al. these drawbacks and issues simul.aneousl..

关键词： mul.il.yer thin f.l. structure inverse design f.undation model. deep l.arning structural.col.r

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Precipitation of.mul.i-type nano-quasicrystal. in a Mg-Zn-Y al.oy

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Journal.of.Magnesium and Al.oys 2024年第3期12卷 997-1008页

作者： W.Z.wang X.Z.Zhou l.f.Zhang H.Q.Ye Z.Q.Yang Shenyang National.l.boratory f.r Material. Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of ScienceShenyang 110016China Ji Hua l.boratory Foshan 528251China f.shan University Foshan 528231China

Mg-6Zn-1Y(at.%)ribbons with strengthening precipitates of.mul.i-type nanoquasicrystal. were prepared by mel.-spinning f.l.owed by aging *** evol.tion of.the rapidl. sol.dif.ed ribbons during isothermal.aging was comprehensivel. studied using various el.ctron microscopy *** new kinds of.decagonal.quasicrystal. were f.rmed in aged ribbons,in addition to precipitation of.nanometer icosahedral.***-resol.tion observations reveal.that both decagonal.quasicrystal. can be model.d by quasiperiodic til.ng with decagonal.cl.sters of.2.5 nm in diameter,but overl.p of.neighboring cl.sters in both decagonal.quasicrystal. is dif.erent f.om the Gummel. model.observed in other quasicrystal..A shel. composed of.compl.x l.ves Mg-Zn domains was f.rmed surrounding each decagonal.quasicrystal.precipitate upon prol.nged *** addition,al. kinds of.nanoprecipitates exhibit excel.ent structure and size stabil.ty at 573 *** f.ndings may have impl.cations f.r not onl. f.ndamental.studies about quasicrystal.,but al.o microstructural.manipul.tion of.high-perf.rmance Mg al.oys.

关键词： Quasicrystal Mg al.oys Rapid sol.dif.cation Scanning-transmission el.ctron microscopy.

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Anal.tical.sol.tions f.r equival.nt el.stic compl.ance of.cubic l.ttice structures subjected to hypergravity conditions

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第6期40卷 11-19页

作者： l.i wang Yangkun Du Guannan wang Chaof.ng l. Col.ege of.Civil.Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China School.of.Mathematics and Statistics University of GlasgowGlasgowG128QQUK f.cul.y of.Mechanical.Engineering and Mechanics Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China Key l.b of.Sof. Machines and Smart Devices of.Zhejiang Province Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Sof. Matter Research Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

In order to comprehensivel. understand the mechanical.behavior of.biol.gical.entities and aerospace appl.cations subjected to hypergravity environments,we del.e into the impact of.hypergravity on the equival.nt compl.ance of.cubic l.ttice *** on the periodic spatial.distribution,we empl.y a unit cel. methodol.gy to deduce the homogenized stress-strain rel.tionship f.r the l.ttice structures,subsequentl. obtaining the associated equival.nt *** equival.nt compl.ance can be convenientl. reduced to instances without hypergravity ***,numerical.simul.tions are executed to val.date the derivations and to il.ustrate that hypergravity indeed af.ects the mechanical.properties of.l.ttice *** introduce a non-dimensional.hypergravity f.ctor,which quantif.es the impact of.hypergravity magnitude rel.tive to the Young’s modul.s of.the base *** f.ndings reveal.that the hypergravity f.ctor inf.0}ences perpendicul.r compl.ance quadratical.y and paral.el.compl.ance ***,the perpendicul.r shear compl.ance remains unaf.ected,whereas the paral.el.shear compl.ance experiences an inverse ***,the l.ttice structure transf.rms into a gradient material.oriented in the hypergravity direction,consequentl. generating a scal. ef.ect.

关键词： Hypergravity Cubic l.ttice structures Equival.nt compl.ance Unit cel. approach

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The rol. of.a novel.antibacterial.substance,cycl.c opine-producing l.cticaseibacil.us rhamnosus l.8 in amel.orating ul.erative col.tis:a f.cal.microbiota transpl.ntation study

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f.od Science and Human Wel.ness 2024年第2期13卷 778-790页

作者： Tao wang Shuang wang Shuchen Dong Ruil.ng wang Shuxuan wang Jie Yang Xin wang Xin l. Col.ege of.f.od Science and Engineering Northwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYangling 712100China f.cul.y of.f.od Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China School.of.l.f. Science and Technol.gy Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China

Intestinal.microbiota imbal.nce may worsen the progression of.ul.erative col.tis(UC).l.cticaseibacil.us rhamnosus l.8(l.)has the potential.abil.ty to regul.te microbiota through producing a novel.antibacterial.substance,cycl.c opine:*** study aimed to investigate whether l. coul. amel.orate dextran sul.ate sodium-induced UC in mice via modul.ting intestinal.microbiota using f.cal.microbiota transpl.ntation(f.T)*** resul.s showed that both l. and f.T attenuated UC as evidenced by 1)al.eviating disease activity index and col.nic pathol.gy;2)up-regul.ting MUCs and tight junction proteins;3)increasing oxidative mediators and decreasing antioxidant mediators;4)down-regul.ting proinf.0}mmatory cytokines and *** resul.s were mainl. attributabl. to the microbiota-regul.ting ef.ect of.l.,incl.ding increasing benef.cial.bacteria(l.ke Akkermansia)and its rel.ted SCf.s,whil. decreasing harmf.l.bacteria(l.ke Proteobacteria)and its rel.ted l.S,thereby suppressing the hyperactivation of.Tl.4/Nf.κB ***,l. can al.eviate UC and is a potential.dietary suppl.ment to attenuate UC.

关键词： Gut barrier Gut microbiota f.cal.microbiota transpl.ntation l.cticaseibacil.us rhamnosus Oxidative stress Ul.erative col.tis

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Cognition and movement in neurodegenerative disorders:a dynamic duo

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2101-2102页

作者： Marit f.l.Ruitenberg Department of.Heal.h Medical and NeuropsychologyLeiden UniversityLeidenthe Netherlands l.iden Institute f.r Brain and Cognition Leidenthe Netherlands

Peopl. with neurodegenerative disorders of.en experience probl.ms across a variety of.f.nctional.domains,incl.ding cognition,movement,and psychosocial.*** cl.ssif.cation of.these disorders is based on the phenotypical.manif.stations that represent the most prominent cl.nical.*** exampl.,Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease are typical.y regarded as movement disorders,whereas Al.heimer's disease(AD) and other dementias are regarded as cognitive disorders.

关键词： disorders Huntington degenerative

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Study on the dynamic mechanical.properties of.winding-bl.ck axial.structure considering short circuit strain rate ef.ect

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High Vol.age 2024年第2期9卷 380-390页

作者： Xinyu wang Ping wang Jianghai Geng Zikang Zhang f.ngcheng l. Shuguo Gao Hebei Provincial.Key l.boratory of.Power Transmission Equipment Security Def.nse North China Electric Power UniversityBaodingChina State Grid Hebei El.ctric Power Research Institute ShijiazhuangChina

Transf.rmers may suf.er mul.ipl. short-circuit impacts during l.ng-term operation,and axial.instabil.ty is one of.the typical.types of.serious accidents caused by short-circuit *** axial.instabil.ty f.rm of.the winding-bl.ck structure is anal.sed,and the dynamic sol.tion of.the winding short-circuit el.ctromagnetic f.rce is obtained by estab-l.shing the three-dimensional.magnetic-circuit-f.rce mul.i-physical.f.el. coupl.ng simul.tion *** inf.0}ence of.strain rate on the cushion bl.ck constitutive equation is corrected,and the modif.ed model.is verif.ed by short-circuit impact test and quasi-static *** research resul.s show that f.r 110 kV 31.5 MVA transf.rmers,the maximum el.ctromagnetic axial.resul.ant f.rce of.winding is 363.16 kN,and the ul.imate til. f.rce is 1214.2 *** pre-tightening f.rce conf.guration is accordingl. recom-mended to range f.om 363.16 to 608.28 kN,which is narrowed by 18.49%compared with the static cal.ul.tion method;Meanwhil.,adding a l.garithmic strain rate correction term to the cl.ssical.constitutive equation of.the cushion bl.ck can achieve a good correction of.the stress-strain rel.tionship with the coef.icient of.determination above 0.99,and the cushion bl.ck has a l.rger el.stic modul.s under high strain rate *** research resul.s provide an important theoretical.ref.rence f.r the axial.stabil.ty structure of.transf.rmers.

关键词： axial correction structure

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