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Evolution on qualities of leachate and landfill gas in the semi-aerobic landfill

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第4期20卷 499-504页

作者： HUANG Qifei YANG Yufei PANG xiangrui wang Qi Research Institute of Solid Waste Management Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Civil and Environment Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

To study the characteristics of stabilization in semi-aerobic landfill, large-scale simulated landfill was constructed based on the semi- aerobic landfill theory. Consequently, the concentrations of chemical oxygen demand （COD）, ammonia nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen, and the pH value in leachate, as well as the component contents of landfill gas composition （methane, carbon dioxide, and oxygen） in landfill were regularly monitored for 52 weeks. The restflts showed that COD and ammonia concentrations declined rapidly and did not show the accumulating rule like anaerobic landfill, and remained at about 300 and 100 mg/L, respectively, after 48 weeks. Meanwhile, the descending rate reached 98.9% and 96.9%, respectively. Nitrate concentration increased rapidly after 24 weeks and fluctuated between 220-280 mg/L after 43 weeks. The pH values were below 7 during the first 8 weeks and after that leachates appeared to be alkaline. Carbon dioxide was the main composition in landfill gas and its concentration remained at a high level through the whole stabilization process. The average contents of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and methane varied between 19 vol.%-28 vol.%, 2 vol.%-8 vol.%, and 5 vol.%-13 vol.%, respectively. A relative equilibrium was reached after 48 weeks. The highest temperature in the landfill chamber could amount to 75.8 degrees centigrade.

关键词： semi-aerobic landfill stabilization leachate landfill gas

糖皮质激素对椎旁阻滞治疗带状疱疹后神经痛疗效的影响

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国际麻醉学与复苏杂志 2017年第6期38卷 502-505页

作者：陈雪吟叶乐吴玮王祥瑞上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院疼痛科 200127

目的观察糖皮质激素对椎旁阻滞治疗胸背部带状疱疹后遗神经痛（post-herpetic neuralgia,PHN）疗效的影响.方法选择病变累及范围在T1～T12的顽固性PHN（带状疱疹后疼痛持续大于3个月且VAS大于7分）患者80例,随机数字表法分为神经妥乐... 详细信息

目的观察糖皮质激素对椎旁阻滞治疗胸背部带状疱疹后遗神经痛（post-herpetic neuralgia,PHN）疗效的影响.方法选择病变累及范围在T1～T12的顽固性PHN（带状疱疹后疼痛持续大于3个月且VAS大于7分）患者80例,随机数字表法分为神经妥乐平＋复方倍他米松注射液椎旁阻滞组（激素组）及神经妥乐平椎旁阻滞组（非激素组）（每组40例）.分别每2周行1次椎旁阻滞治疗,每位患者连续治疗4次,观察患者每次治疗后疼痛改善情况、疗程结束时.发痛发作频率及副作用.结果两组患者每次治疗后疼痛较前一次均有明显缓解（P＜0.05）,疗程结束时两组患者疼痛症状较治疗前明显改善（P＜0.01）,部分爆发痛缓解明显,均未出现明显副作用;两组间比较,无论是各时间节点疼痛缓解还是爆发痛发作频率,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）. 结论椎旁阻滞时加入糖皮质激素治疗PHN疗效并不优于不加糖皮质激素阻滞.

关键词：椎旁阻滞疱疹后神经痛神经妥乐平糖皮质激素

丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液在全凭静脉麻醉中的有效性和安全性分析

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中国临床医学 2012年第6期19卷 679-681页

作者：李敏黄宇光王祥瑞薛张纲复旦大学附属中山医院麻醉科上海200032 北京协和医院麻醉科北京100730 上海交通大学附属仁济医院麻醉科上海200127

目的:观察丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液[利泊芬(Propofol-Lipuro)]在全凭静脉麻醉中的有效性和安全性。方法:采用前瞻性、区组随机、盲法、多中心、阳性药平行对照临床试验。选取207例择期手术患者,美国麻醉医师学会(American So-ciety of... 详细信息

目的:观察丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液[利泊芬(Propofol-Lipuro)]在全凭静脉麻醉中的有效性和安全性。方法:采用前瞻性、区组随机、盲法、多中心、阳性药平行对照临床试验。选取207例择期手术患者,美国麻醉医师学会(American So-ciety of Anesthesiologists,ASA)分级Ι～Ⅱ级,年龄18～65岁。将207例患者随机分为两组,试验组(n=104):丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液组,对照组(n=103):丙泊酚长链脂肪乳注射液组。所有患者均采用丙泊酚/瑞芬太尼靶控输注全凭静脉麻醉方式行全身麻醉,丙泊酚3μg/mL,血浆靶控输注至患者睫毛反射消失后,开始瑞芬太尼靶控输注。观察患者麻醉期间的临床效应和不良事件发生情况。结果:试验组和对照组患者睫毛反射消失所需时间和丙泊酚药量比较,差异无统计学意义。两组患者全麻过程中的丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼总用量差异无统计学意义。试验组不良事件的发生率为30.77%,对照组不良事件的发生率为48.54%,试验组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。在所有发生的不良事件中,注射部位疼痛发生率最高,其在试验组的发生率为25.00%,对照组的发生率为44.66%,试验组显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:丙泊酚中/长链脂肪乳注射液利泊芬与丙泊酚长链脂肪乳注射液得普利麻相比,用于全凭静脉麻醉的诱导与维持同样安全有效,但能显著降低患者注射痛的发生率。

关键词：静脉麻醉丙泊酚靶控输注注射痛

菌群移植治疗纤维肌痛临床效果和安全性研究:一项随机对照研究

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中国疼痛医学杂志 2023年第12期29卷 914-922页

作者：方洪伟张金源杨雨余秀琴张微侯千暠王祥瑞廖丽君同济大学附属东方医院疼痛科上海200120 复旦大学附属中山医院麻醉科上海200032 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院黄浦分院麻醉科上海200001

目的:肠道菌群紊乱被认为是纤维肌痛(fibromyalgia,FM)的主要病因之一,本研究探究菌群移植(fecal microbiota transplantation,FMT)能否改善FM病人的临床症状。方法:选取上海市东方医院疼痛科门诊从2021年12月至2022年5月收治的50例FM... 详细信息

目的:肠道菌群紊乱被认为是纤维肌痛(fibromyalgia,FM)的主要病因之一,本研究探究菌群移植(fecal microbiota transplantation,FMT)能否改善FM病人的临床症状。方法:选取上海市东方医院疼痛科门诊从2021年12月至2022年5月收治的50例FM病人进行随机对照研究,采用抽签法将病人随机分为菌群移植+药物治疗组(FMT组)25例和单纯药物治疗组(对照组)25例。在治疗后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月和12个月分别评估两组病人疼痛数字分级评分法(numerical rating scale,NRS)评分、弥漫性疼痛指数(widespread pain index,WPI)、症状严重度评分(symptom severity,SS)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(hospital anxiety and depression scale,HADS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)评分,同时检测血浆神经递质水平综合评估治疗效果。结果:共45例受试者完成试验,FMT可显著改善FM病人临床症状(疼痛治疗效果、睡眠及焦虑抑郁情况)。术后1个月内,FMT组NRS评分与对照组相比差异无统计学意义,术后3个月、6个月和12个月时FMT组NRS评分明显下降(P<0.001)。FMT组在接受菌群移植治疗6个月和12个月后WPI和SS评分显著降低(P<0.001);在接受治疗6个月后,FMT组病人的情绪和睡眠质量也得到很大改善。与对照组相比,FMT组在治疗6个月和12个月后HADS和PSQI评分显著降低(P<0.001)。治疗6个月后,FMT组5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)和γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)水平显著增加(P<0.001),而谷氨酸(glutamic acid,Glu)水平显著降低(P<0.001)。治疗6个月后,对照组总有效率为56.5%,FMT组为90.9%(P<0.05)。两组病人术后第1天不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义。结论:FMT改变FM病人体内疼痛相关神经递质水平,有效改善FM的临床症状,这可能成为FM病人的全新治疗靶点。

关键词：菌群移植纤维肌痛肠道菌群

3D particle streak velocimetry by defocused imaging

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Particuology 2023年第1期72卷 1-9页

作者： xiangrui Dong Xiaoxiao wang Wu Zhou Fangting wang Xinran Tang Xiaoshu Cai School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer for Power Engineering Shanghai 200093China

Particle streak velocimetry (PSV) has become one of the important branches of flow filed measurements. It extracts velocity information from particle trajectories captured by single frame long exposure images. Since the defocus of moving particle is inevitable during a long exposure time and under a large magnification, a novel three-dimensional (3D) velocity measurement method named defocusing particle streak velocimetry (DPSV) is proposed in this paper. On the one hand, an extension from two-dimensional (2D) to 3D velocity measurement with a monocular system is carried out. The depth information of the particle, which reflects the position in the third dimension, is indicated by the defocusing degree (characteristic parameter σ) of the particle images. The variation of σ along the trajectory is recognized by surface fitting of the gray value distribution of particle images, assuming that σ varies linearly along the trajectory. On the other hand, based on the linear fitting for the straight trajectory, an arc fitting model is developed for curved trajectories which are commonly captured in turbulent flow. The relationship between σ and the particle depth position z is experimentally calibrated using a LED light and a diaphragm. Finally, the DPSV method is verified in a submerged jet flow field as well as in a microchannel flow field to obtain the 3D velocity field with single monocular system.

关键词： Defocusing particle streak velocimetry Curve trajectory Three-dimensional velocity Gray value distribution

阴部神经脉冲射频消融术联合阴部神经阻滞治疗阴部神经痛的临床疗效和安全性评价

维普期刊数据库评论

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国际麻醉学与复苏杂志 2019年第2期40卷 135-139页

作者：丁俊云叶乐杨雨方洪伟王祥瑞上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院南院麻醉科 200025 上海同济大学附属东方医院麻醉与重症医学科 200120

目的探讨阴部神经脉冲射频消融术(pulse radiofrequency,PRF)联合阴部神经阻滞(pudendal nerve blockade,PNB)治疗阴部神经痛的临床疗效和安全性评价。方法将80例阴部神经痛患者按电脑数字表法随机分为脉冲射频+阴部神经阻滞组(PRF+PNB... 详细信息

目的探讨阴部神经脉冲射频消融术(pulse radiofrequency,PRF)联合阴部神经阻滞(pudendal nerve blockade,PNB)治疗阴部神经痛的临床疗效和安全性评价。方法将80例阴部神经痛患者按电脑数字表法随机分为脉冲射频+阴部神经阻滞组(PRF+PNB组)和阴部神经阻滞组(PNB组),每组40例。PRF+PNB组患者行阴部神经PRF联合PNB治疗,PNB组行PNB治疗。于术后1、14、30、90 d对患者进行VAS评分随访,于术后第3个月行HPQ-9评分和疗效评估,并记录所有手术相关并发症。结果本次试验共77例患者完成了随访,PNB组39例,PRF+PNB组38例。术后1 d时,两组患者VAS评分较术前均降低(P0.05)。术后14、30、90 d时PRF+PNB组VAS评分低于PNB组(P<0.05)。术后90 d时,PRF+PNB组患者健康问卷(Patient Health Quwstionnaire-9,HPQ-9)评分低于PNB组(P<0.05),PRF+PNB组术后90d有效率达92.1%,PNB组有效率为35.9%。两组均未随访观察到严重的不良反应。结论与单纯的PNB相比,阴部神经PRF联合PNB治疗,能够更长效地缓解阴部神经痛患者的疼痛症状,并对患者抑郁情绪有所改善,且不增加术后不良事件发生。

关键词：阴部神经痛脉冲射频射频消融术阴部神经阻滞超声引导

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古诗词在蒙语中的数字化传承

计算机时代 2020年第4期 101-103,108页

作者：张爽萨如拉王相睿刘玘晗王子予郭瑾辽宁师范大学文学院辽宁大连116081 辽宁师范大学计算机与信息技术学院

古诗词学习的重要性日益显著,在内蒙古地区蒙汉双语教学时,由于语言存在差异,学生对于古诗词的理解不全面。为了提高学生对古诗词的理解和学习能力,利用计算机信息技术创作古诗词动画,实现古诗词在蒙汉双语教学地区的数字化传承。其特... 详细信息

古诗词学习的重要性日益显著,在内蒙古地区蒙汉双语教学时,由于语言存在差异,学生对于古诗词的理解不全面。为了提高学生对古诗词的理解和学习能力,利用计算机信息技术创作古诗词动画,实现古诗词在蒙汉双语教学地区的数字化传承。其特色在于,利用现代信息技术,结合蒙汉双语,以动画的形式演绎古诗词,使更多人深切感受中华诗词的魅力。

关键词：古诗词国学蒙语数字化传承

Numerical study on combustion efficiency of aluminum particles in solid rocket motor

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第5期36卷 66-77页

作者： Junlong wang Ningfei wang xiangrui ZOU Wei DONG Yintao ZHOU Dingjiang XIE Baolu SHI School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology Beijing 100076China

The combustion of aluminum particles in solid rocket motor plays an important role in energy release of propellants. However, due to the limited residence time, aluminum particles may not be burned completely, thus hindering the improvement of specific impulse. This study aims to explore the characteristics of aluminum combustion efficiency and its influencing factors by experiments and numerical simulations, providing a guideline for engine performance improvement. As an input of simulation, the initial agglomerate size was measured by a high pressure system. Meanwhile, the size distribution of the particles in plume was measured by ground firing test to validate the numerical model. Then, a two-phase flow model coupling combustion of micro aluminum particle was developed, by which the detailed effects of particle size, detaching position and nozzle convergent section structure on aluminum combustion efficiency were explored. The results suggest that the average combustion temperature in the chamber drops with increasing initial particle size,while the maximum temperature increases slightly. In the tested motors, the aluminum particle burns completely as its diameter is smaller than 50 μm, and beyond 50 μm the combustion efficiency decreases obviously with the increase of initial size. As the diameter approaches to 75 μm, the combustion efficiency becomes more sensitive to particle size. The combustion efficiency of aluminum particle escaping from end-burning surfaces is significantly higher than that from internal burning surface, where the particle combustion efficiency decreases during approaching the convergent section. Furthermore, the combustion efficiency decreases slightly with increasing nozzle convergent section angle. And theoretically it is feasible to improve combustion efficiency of aluminum particles by designing the convergent profile of nozzle.

关键词： Aluminum Combustion efficiency Eulerian-Lagrangian Particle size Solid rocket motor

基于改进A^(*)算法的无人机避障航线规划

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现代电子技术 2023年第8期46卷 181-186页

作者：高九州徐威峰张立辉王祥瑞吉林建筑大学吉林长春130118

采用常规A^(*)算法进行无人机避障航线规划存在搜索节点多、区域大、时间长、效率低,生成的航线拐角多且含有大量非必要航线冗余点,以及未考虑无人机自身体积与尺寸导致在飞行中与障碍物边界碰撞等问题。为此,文中设计一种改进的A^(*)... 详细信息

采用常规A^(*)算法进行无人机避障航线规划存在搜索节点多、区域大、时间长、效率低,生成的航线拐角多且含有大量非必要航线冗余点,以及未考虑无人机自身体积与尺寸导致在飞行中与障碍物边界碰撞等问题。为此,文中设计一种改进的A^(*)算法。首先考虑无人机自身体积与尺寸,提出一种消除边界碰撞事故的子节点扩展方法;其次,改进评价函数以减少往复搜索次数,减少搜索节点数量,提高搜索效率;然后,根据Floyd思想对生成的航线进行简化处理,消除航线中的冗余航路点,减少航线转角数量,达到简化航线并改善航线平滑度的效果;最后,基于改进的A^(*)算法对无人机避障航线进行非线性仿真。结果表明,改进的A^(*)算法生成的航线合理、安全,使无人机的飞行更加连续和顺畅。

关键词：无人机改进A^(*)算法避障航线规划评价函数航线简化搜索效率