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A preliminary study on simplified simulation model of spring wheat growth

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Journal of Environmental sciences 1990年第4期2卷 61-71页

作者： wang Futang, wang shili, Li Youwen and Guo Yousanacademy of {4. science,sma,beijing 100081,China{4. Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China

In the model developed in this paper, taking the characters and requirements of meteorological services into account, some conventional meteorological observations which are easy to be obtained have been ***, and mathematical equations describing micro-growth processes of crops have been established on the basis of the field experiments, laboratorial analysis and computer's modelling tests with time interval of ten-days for several years (1987-1989), in accordance with the known biological and physical rules and corresponding reference literatures. It is a preliminary simplified simulation model of spring wheat growth in optimal water and nutrient conditions. The field experiments show that simulation results of this simplified model are satisfactory. The potential operational application and theoretical sense are significant in the meteorological forecast of yield and in the assessment of influences of climatic change on agriculture.

关键词： growth simulation simplified dynamic model spring wheat.

Contrasting trends of PM2.5 and surface-ozone concentrations in China from 2013 to 2017

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National science Review 2020年第8期7卷 1331-1339页

作者： Yonghong wang Wenkang Gao Shuai wang Tao Song Zhengyu Gong Dongsheng Ji Lili wang Zirui Liu Guiqian Tang Yanfeng Huo shili Tian Jiayun Li Mingge Li Yuan Yang Biwu Chu Tuukka Pet?j? Veli-Matti Kerminen Hong He Jiming Hao Markku Kulmala Yuesi wang Yuanhang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research University of Helsinki China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC) Anhui Institute of meteorological sciences State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University

Although much attention has been paid to investigating and controlling air pollution in China, the trends of air-pollutant concentrations on a national scale have remained unclear. Here, we quantitatively investigated the variation of air pollutants in China using long-term comprehensive data sets from 2013 to 2017, during which Chinese government made major efforts to reduce anthropogenic emission in polluted regions. Our results show a significant decreasing trend in the PM2.5concentration in heavily polluted regions of eastern China, with an annual decrease of ～7% compared with measurements in 2013. The measured decreased concentrations of SO2, NO2and CO（a proxy for anthropogenic volatile organic compounds） could explain a large fraction of the decreased PM2.5concentrations in different regions. As a consequence, the heavily polluted days decreased significantly in corresponding regions. Concentrations of organic aerosol,nitrate, sulfate, ammonium and chloride measured in urban beijing revealed a remarkable reduction from 2013 to 2017, connecting the decreases in aerosol precursors with corresponding chemical components closely. However, surface-ozone concentrations showed increasing trends in most urban stations from 2013 to 2017, which indicates stronger photochemical pollution. The boundary-layer height in capital cities of eastern China showed no significant trends over the beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions from 2013 to 2017, which confirmed the reduction in anthropogenic emissions. Our results demonstrated that the Chinese government was successful in the reduction of particulate matter in urban areas from 2013 to 2017, although the ozone concentration has increased significantly, suggesting a more complex mechanism of improving Chinese air quality in the future.

关键词： air pollution clean-air action particulate matter surface ozone China chemical composition

Optical,Radiative and Chemical Characteristics of Aerosol in Changsha City,Central China

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2020年第12期37卷 1310-1322,I0005-I0011页

作者： Xiaoyan WU Jinyuan XIN Wenyu ZHANG Chongshui GONG Yining MA Yongjing MA Tianxue WEN Zirui LIU shili TIAN Yuesi wang Fangkun WU College of Atmospheric sciences Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu ProvinceLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Industrial pollution has a significant effect on aerosol properties in Changsha City,a typical city of central ***,year-round measurements of aerosol optical,radiative and chemical properties from 2012 to 2014.at an urban site in Changsha were *** the observation period,the energy structure was continuously optimized,which was characterized by the reduction of coal *** aerosol properties have obvious seasonal *** seasonal average aerosol optical depth(AOD)at 500 nm ranged from 0.4. to 1.00,single scattering albedo(SSA)ranged from 0.93 to 0.97,and aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere(TOA)ranged from−24.0 to 3.8 W m^−*** chemical components also showed seasonal ***,the scattering aerosol,such as organic carbon,SO4.−,NO3−,and NH4.showed a decrease,and elemental carbon *** with observation in winter 2012,AOD and TOA decreased by 0.14.and−1.4. W m^−2 in winter *** scattering components,SO4.−,NO3−and NH4.,decreased by 12.8μg m^−3(56.8%),9.2μg m^−3(4..8%)and 6.4.g m^−3(4..2%),*** atmospheric visibility and pollution diffusion conditions *** extinction and radiative forcing of aerosol were significantly controlled by the scattering *** results indicate that Changsha is an industrial city with strong scattering *** energy structure optimization had a marked effect on controlling pollution,especially in winter(strong scattering aerosol).

关键词： aerosol optical properties radiative forcing chemical composition

Revisiting the Concentration Observations and Source Apportionment of Atmospheric Ammonia

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2020年第9期37卷 933-938页

作者： Yuepeng PAN Mengna GU Yuexin HE Dianming WU Chunyan LIU Linlin SONG shili TIAN Xuemei LÜ Yang SUN Tao SONG Wendell WWALTERS Xuejun LIU Nicholas AMARTIN Qianqian ZHANG Yunting FANG Valerio FERRACCI Yuesi wang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Laboratory of Geographic Information sciences Ministry of EducationSchool of Geographic SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Earth Environmentaland Planetary SciencesBrown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA Institute at Brown for Environment and Society Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA College of Resources and Environmental sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Physical Laboratory Air Quality and Aerosol Metrology GroupEnvironment DepartmentHampton RoadTeddingtonMiddlesexTW110LWUK National Satellite meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and Applications Shenyang 110016China Centre for Environmental and Agricultural Informatics Cranfield UniversityCollege RoadMK430ALUK

While China’s Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan on particulate matter since 2013 has reduced sulfate significantly,aerosol ammonium nitrate remains high in East *** the high nitrate abundances are strongly linked with ammonia,reducing ammonia emissions is becoming increasingly important to improve the air quality of *** satellite data provide evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia concentrations over major agricultural regions,long-term surface observation of ammonia concentrations are *** addition,there is still no consensus on whether agricultural or non-agricultural emissions dominate the urban ammonia *** the ammonia source by nitrogen isotope helps in designing a mitigation strategy for policymakers,but existing methods have not been well *** the concentration measurements and identifying source apportionment of atmospheric ammonia is thus an essential step towards reducing ammonia emissions.

关键词： ammonia nitrate Ammonia

气候变化对我国小麦发育及产量可能影响的模拟研究

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应用气象学报 2000年第3期11卷 264-270页

作者：张宇王石立王馥棠北京大学地球物理系北京100871 中国气象科学研究院北京100081

利用随机天气模型 ,将气候模式对大气中 CO2 倍增时预测的气候情景与 CERES-小麦模式相连接 ,研究了气候变化对我国冬小麦和春小麦生产的可能影响 .结果表明 ,气候变化后小麦发育将加快 ,生育期缩短 ,冬小麦平均缩短 7.3天 ,春小麦平均... 详细信息

利用随机天气模型 ,将气候模式对大气中 CO2 倍增时预测的气候情景与 CERES-小麦模式相连接 ,研究了气候变化对我国冬小麦和春小麦生产的可能影响 .结果表明 ,气候变化后小麦发育将加快 ,生育期缩短 ,冬小麦平均缩短 7.3天 ,春小麦平均缩短 1 0 .5天 ,春小麦生育期缩短的绝对数和相对数均大于冬小麦 .籽粒产量呈下降趋势 ,冬小麦平均减产 7%～ 8% ,雨养条件下比水分适宜时减产幅度略大 .春小麦的减产幅度大于冬小麦 ,水分适宜时平均减产1 7.7% ,雨养时平均减产 31 .4.

关键词：气候变化小麦发育产量作物模式气候模式

作物模拟模型在农业气象业务应用中的研究初探

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应用气象学报 2005年第3期16卷 293-303页

作者：马玉平王石立王馥棠中国气象科学研究院北京100081

针对农业气象业务的需求,利用东北地区1971～2000年5个代表气象站的气象资料和作物资料,应用玉米生长模拟模型评估东北区域气象条件对玉米生长发育及产量形成的影响。探讨了作为评价标准的平均气候状态下平均模拟生物量的确定方法,提出... 详细信息

针对农业气象业务的需求,利用东北地区1971～2000年5个代表气象站的气象资料和作物资料,应用玉米生长模拟模型评估东北区域气象条件对玉米生长发育及产量形成的影响。探讨了作为评价标准的平均气候状态下平均模拟生物量的确定方法,提出了从生物量变化、温度和水分条件影响等方面进行实时动态评价和全生育期农业气象条件综合评价的方法,给出了实际评价个例。验证结果表明该方法是可行的。

关键词：作物模拟模型业务应用农业气象业务农业气象条件 2000年气象资料东北地区产量形成生长发育模型评估生长模拟气候状态评价标准综合评价全生育期动态评价条件影响气象站东北区生物量玉米平均水分

Ammonia should be considered in field experiments mimicking nitrogen deposition

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Atmospheric and Oceanic science Letters 2020年第3期13卷 248-251页

作者： PAN Yuepeng TIAN shili WU Dianming XU Wen ZHU Xiaying LIU Chunyan LI Dejun FANG Yunting DUAN Lei LIU Xuejun wang Yuesi State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Geographic Information sciences Ministry of EducationSchool of Geographic SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghaiChina College of Resources and Environmental sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangshaHunanChina CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyangLiaoningChina State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Excess nitrogen deposition has significant impacts on water eutrophication,soil acidification,eleveted greenhouse gas emissions,and biodiversity *** impacts mostly derive from conventional manipulative experiments in the field by adding nitrogen solution directly onto grassland or forest *** forest ecosystems,previous field experiments have usually ignored the nitrogen cycles in the canopy,which are important in responses to airborne nitrogen *** whole-forest canopy nitrogen fertilization has recently been conducted to promote our understanding of nitrogen deposition processes,spraying nitrogen solution onto plants still largely ignores the dry deposition of ammonia(as well as other gaseous reactive nitrogen species).To date,there have been a limited number of field studies that have investigated the bi-directional exchange of ammonia between the atmosphere and plants,not to mention the impacts of ammonia on natural *** to the increasing trend of atmospheric ammonia concentrations worldwide and its dominant role in nitrogen deposition and haze pollution,the next generation of experiments should mimick nitrogen deposition on natural ecosystems by further considering the dry deposition of ammonia.

关键词： Nitrogen deposition wet deposition dry deposition ammonia air pollution

基于水稻生长模型的气象影响评价和产量动态预测

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应用气象学报 2008年第1期19卷 71-81页

作者：帅细强王石立马玉平李迎春湖南省气象科学研究所长沙410007 中国气象科学研究院北京100081 江西省气象科学研究所南昌330046

在对国际先进的水稻生长模型ORYZA2000进行模型调试、验证,实现本地化的基础上,以双季稻发育速率参数为主,结合地形、气候、水稻熟性分布和当地生产实际,将江南双季稻区按发育参数划分为7个区域,实现了O-RYZA2000模式在我国江南双季稻... 详细信息

在对国际先进的水稻生长模型ORYZA2000进行模型调试、验证,实现本地化的基础上,以双季稻发育速率参数为主,结合地形、气候、水稻熟性分布和当地生产实际,将江南双季稻区按发育参数划分为7个区域,实现了O-RYZA2000模式在我国江南双季稻地区的区域应用。利用该模型进行了不同年份气象条件影响定量评估的应用试验,评价结果与实际符合,定量客观。探讨了利用机理性作物生长模式动态预测产量的方法。通过建立不同发育期的水稻模拟生物量与相对气象产量的相关统计模型,结合趋势产量预测,实现了地区级双季稻不同发育期的产量动态预测。外推检验结果表明,各地早晚稻不同发育期的产量动态预测模型平均误差为4.8%～6.1%,可初步用于业务。

关键词： ORYZA2000 江南双季稻气象影响评价产量动态预测

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东北地区玉米气候生产潜力时空分布特征

气象科技 2010年第2期38卷 243-247页

作者：魏凤英冯蕾马玉平王石立中国气象科学研究院北京100081

利用旋转经验正交函数和功率谱等方法分析了1961～2007年东北地区玉米光温生产潜力和气候生产潜力的时间变化趋势及区域特征。结果表明,东北地区玉米光温生产潜力呈显著的上升趋势;气候生产潜力呈下降趋势,但变化趋势不显著。玉米光温... 详细信息

利用旋转经验正交函数和功率谱等方法分析了1961～2007年东北地区玉米光温生产潜力和气候生产潜力的时间变化趋势及区域特征。结果表明,东北地区玉米光温生产潜力呈显著的上升趋势;气候生产潜力呈下降趋势,但变化趋势不显著。玉米光温生产潜力和气候生产潜力均存在7～9年的显著周期变化。玉米气候生产潜力还存在5年和3年左右的显著周期;东北玉米光温生产潜力呈西南区域与东北区域相反的空间趋势分布,生产潜力的高值区位于辽宁大部、吉林西部和黑龙江西南部,低值区位于东北的东部地区;东北玉米气候生产潜力的高值区位于东北的东南部,低值区位于东北的西部。

关键词：东北地区玉米生产潜力趋势变化区域特征