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Control of fine particulate nitrate during severe winter haze in“2+26”cities

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 261-269页

作者： Chuang Qin Xiao Fu Tao wang Jian Gao jiaqi wang Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 99907China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 10084China

The“2+26”cities,suffering the most severe winter haze pollution,have been the key region for air quality improvement in *** prominent nitrate pollution is one of the most challenging environmental issues in this region,necessitating development of an effective control ***,we use observations,and state-of-the-art model simulations with scenario analysis and process analysis to quantify the effectiveness of the future SO_(2)-NO_(X)-VOC-NH_(3) emission control on nitrate pollution mitigation in“2+26”*** on a serious winter haze episode,we find that limited NO_(X)emission reduction alone in the short-term period is a less effective choice than VOC or NH_3emission reduction alone to decrease nitrate concentrations,due to the accelerated NO_(X)-HNO_(3)conversion by atmospheric oxidants and the enhanced HNO_(3)to NO_(3)^(-)partition by ammonia,although deep NO_(X)emission reduction is essential in the long-term *** synergistic NH_(3) and VOC emission control is strongly recommended,which can counteract the adverse effects of nonlinear photochemistry and aerosol chemical feedback to decrease nitrate *** extra benefits will be reduced if the synergistic NH_(3) and VOC reduction is delayed,and thus reducing emission of multiple precursors is urgently required for the effective control of increasingly severe winter nitrate pollution in“2+26”cities.

关键词： Nitrate Winter haze pollution Emission reduction “2+26”cities

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Modelling the formation and dissolution behavior of alumina agglomerate in the cryolite

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 211-222页

作者： jiaqi wang Mao Li Benjun Cheng Hesong Li School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China

The presence of alumina agglomerates seriously affects the current efficiency of the aluminum electrolysis *** the dynamic dissolution process of agglomerates is essential to improve the current efficiency of aluminum electrolysis.A mathematical model is proposed to describe the different phenomena from the formation until complete dissolution of *** permeation and solidification processes of cryolite,a semi-analytical mathematical model is developed to formulate the formation,melting and dissolution processes of agglomerates,and the time duration for each stage is *** and heat mass transfer of agglomerates are explored based on the packing theory and mechanism of heat mass transfer in wet porous *** approach is applied to investigate the main factors affecting the dissolution stages and porosity of *** results show that the superheat has a great influence on the formation and melting stage,the diameter of agglomerates can reach 14.93 mm for 200 particles *** density decreases with the increase of agglomerated particle number,which varies in the range of 2.27-2.28 g/cm^(3).The average dissolution rate of agglomerates is about 1.83×10^(-5)-2.95×10^(-5) kg/s within the range of alumina concentration in this study.

关键词： Mathematical model Alumina agglomerate Porous media Packing theory Heatand mass transfer

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Using restored two-dimensional X-ray images to reconstruct the three-dimensional magnetopause

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 133-154页

作者： RongCong wang jiaqi wang DaLin Li TianRan Sun XiaoDong Peng YiHong Guo National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China

Astronomical imaging technologies are basic tools for the exploration of the universe,providing basic data for the research of astronomy and space *** Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)carried by the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)aims to capture two-dimensional(2-D)images of the Earth’s magnetosheath by using soft X-ray ***,the observed 2-D images are affected by many noise factors,destroying the contained information,which is not conducive to the subsequent reconstruction of the three-dimensional(3-D)structure of the *** analysis of SXI-simulated observation images shows that such damage cannot be evaluated with traditional restoration *** makes it difficult to establish the mapping relationship between SXIsimulated observation images and target images by using mathematical *** propose an image restoration algorithm for SXIsimulated observation images that can recover large-scale structure information on the *** idea is to train a patch estimator by selecting noise–clean patch pairs with the same distribution through the Classification–Expectation Maximization algorithm to achieve the restoration estimation of the SXI-simulated observation image,whose mapping relationship with the target image is established by the patch *** Classification–Expectation Maximization algorithm is used to select multiple patch clusters with the same distribution and then train different patch estimators so as to improve the accuracy of the *** results showed that our image restoration algorithm is superior to other classical image restoration algorithms in the SXI-simulated observation image restoration task,according to the peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural *** restoration results of SXI-simulated observation images are used in the tangent fitting approach and the computed tomography approach toward magnetospheric reconstruction techniques,significantly improving

关键词： Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE) soft X-ray imager magnetopause image restoration

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Influence of Anteroposterior Symmetrical Aero-Wings on the Aerodynamic Performance of High-Speed Train

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 937-953页

作者： Peiheng He Jiye Zhang Lan Zhang jiaqi wang Yuzhe Ma State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China

The running stability of high-speed train is largely constrained by the wheel-rail coupling relationship,and the continuous wear between the wheel and rail surfaces will profoundly affect the dynamic performance of the *** recent years,under the background of increasing train speed,some scientific researchers have proposed a new idea of using the lift force generated by the aerodynamic wings(aero-wing)installed on the roof to reduce the sprung load of the carriage in order to alleviate the wear and tear of the wheel and *** on the bidirectional running characteristics of high-speed train,this paper proposes a scheme to apply aero-wings with anteroposterior symmetrical cross-sections on the roof of the *** the verification of the wind tunnel experimental data,the relatively better airfoil section and extension formof anteroposterior symmetrical aero-wing is selected respectively in this paper,and the aero-wings are fixedly connected to the roof of the train through the mounting column to conduct aerodynamic simulation *** research shows that:compared with the circular-arc and oval crosssections,this paper believes that the crescent cross-section can form greater aerodynamic lift force in a limited *** factors such as aerodynamic parameters,ground effect,and manufacturing process,this paper proposes to adopt aero-wings with arc type extension form and connect them to the roof of the train through mounting columns with shuttle *** the roof of the train is covered with aero-wings and runs at high speed,the sprung load of the carriages can be effectively ***,there are certain hidden dangers in the tail carriage due to the large amount of lift force,so,the intervention of the aero-wing lifting mechanism is *** the same time,it is necessary to optimize the overall aerodynamic drag force reduction in the followup work.

关键词： Anteroposterior symmetrical aero-wing wheel-rail wear aerodynamic lift force ground effect numerical simulation

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Dual-functional POM@IL complex modulate hole transport layer properties and interfacial charge dynamics for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 461-464页

作者： Boyuan Hu Jian Zhang Yulin Yang Yayu Dong jiaqi wang Wei wang Kaifeng Lin Debin Xia MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The severe interfacial charge recombination as well as the stability issues brought by the Li-TFSI still hinder the commercialization of high-performance perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Here,a polyoxometalates(POMs)-based complex,POM@ionic liquid(IL),is synthesized and applied as an effective additive that simultaneously enhances the performance and stability of *** interactions between POM@IL complex and Li-TFSI inhibit the aggregation of *** synergistic oxidation of POM@IL complex and Li-TFSI towards 2,2,7,7-tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9'-spirobifluorene(Spiro-OMeTAD)effectively enhances the electrical properties of hole transport layer film and the photovoltaic performances of *** champion device modified with the POM@IL complex yields an excellent power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 22.73%.Moreover,the incorporation of POM@IL improves the humidity stability of *** storing under high humidity conditions(25℃,60%RH)for 1200 h,the POM@IL modified device retained a remarkable 81.2%of its initial *** work provides new insight into constructing POMs-based materials for high-performance photovoltaic devices.

关键词： Polyoxometalates Ionic liquid Perovskite solar cells Energy alignment Humidity stability

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Uncertainty-Aware Physical Simulation of Neural Radiance Fields for Fluids

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 1143-1163页

作者： Haojie Lian jiaqi wang Leilei Chen Shengze Li Ruochen Cao Qingyuan Hu Peiyun Zhao Key Laboratory of In-Situ Property-Improving Mining of Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China Henan International Joint Laboratory of Structural Mechanics and Computational Simulation College of Architectural and Civil EngineeringHuanghuai UniversityZhumadian463000China National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology Academy of Military ScienceBeijing100091China School of Software Taiyuan University of TechnologyJinzhong030600China School of Science Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

This paper presents a novel framework aimed at quantifying uncertainties associated with the 3D reconstruction of smoke *** approach reconstructs color and density fields from 2D images using Neural Radiance Field(NeRF)and improves image quality using frequency *** NeRF model is obtained via joint training ofmultiple artificial neural networks,whereby the expectation and standard deviation of density fields and RGB values can be evaluated for each *** addition,customized physics-informed neural network(PINN)with residual blocks and two-layer activation functions are utilized to input the density fields of the NeRF into Navier-Stokes equations and convection-diffusion equations to reconstruct the velocity *** velocity uncertainties are also evaluated through ensemble *** effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through numerical *** presentmethod is an important step towards downstream tasks such as reliability analysis and robust optimization in engineering design.

关键词： Uncertainty quantification neural radiance field physics-informed neural network frequency regularization twolayer activation function ensemble learning

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Moisture‑Electric–Moisture‑Sensitive Heterostructure Triggered Proton Hopping for Quality‑Enhancing Moist‑Electric Generator

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 351-366页

作者： Ya’nan Yang jiaqi wang Zhe wang Changxiang Shao Yuyang Han Ying wang Xiaoting Liu Xiaotong Sun Liru wang Yuanyuan Li Qiang Guo Wenpeng Wu Nan Chen Liangti Qu Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education of ChinaKey Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing Institute of Technology Jiaxing 314019People’s Republic of China Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics&Molecular EngineeringMinistry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Moisture-enabled electricity(ME)is a method of converting the potential energy of water in the external environment into electrical energy through the interaction of functional materials with water molecules and can be directly applied to energy harvesting and signal ***,ME can be unreliable in numerous applications due to its sluggish response to moisture,thus sacrificing the value of fast energy harvesting and highly accurate information ***,by constructing a moisture-electric-moisture-sensitive(ME-MS)heterostructure,we develop an efficient ME generator with ultra-fast electric response to moisture achieved by triggering Grotthuss protons hopping in the sensitized ZnO,which modulates the heterostructure built-in interfacial potential,enables quick response(0.435 s),an unprecedented ultra-fast response rate of 972.4 mV s^(−1),and a durable electrical signal output for 8 h without any *** research provides an efficient way to generate electricity and important insight for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of moisture-generated carrier migration in ME generator,which has a more comprehensive working scene and can serve as a typical model for human health monitoring and smart medical electronics design.

关键词： Moist-electric generators Grotthuss proton hopping Fast response Durable electrical output Personal health monitoring

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Fast-Charging Sodium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Molecular-Level Designed Nitrogen and Phosphorus Codoped Mesoporous Soft Carbon

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 329-337页

作者： Lei Liu Zhuzhu Du jiaqi wang Hongfang Du Sheng Wu Mengjun Li Yixuan Zhang Jinmeng Sun Zhipeng Sun Wei Ai Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics(FSCFE)and Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics(SIFE) Northwestern Polytechnical University(NPU)127 West Youyi RoadXi'an 710072China Fujian Cross Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies) Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117China School of Materials and Energy Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006 GuangdongChina

Soft carbons have attracted extensive interests as competitive anodes for fast-charging sodium-ion batteries(SIBs);however,the high-rate performance is still restricted by their large ion migration barriers and sluggish reaction ***,we show a molecular design approach toward the fabrication of nitrogen and phosphorus codoped mesoporous soft carbon(NPSC).The key to this strategy lies in the chemical cross-linking reaction between polyphosphoric acid and p-phenylenediamine,associated with pyrolysis induced in-situ self-activation that creates mesoporous structures and rich heteroatoms within the carbon *** to the enlarged interlayer spacing,reduced ion diffusion length,and plentiful active sites,the obtained NPSC delivers a superb rate capacity of 215 mAh g-1 at 10 A g-1 and an ultralong cycle life of 4,700 cycles at 5 A g^(-1).Remarkably,the full cell shows 99%capacity retention during 100 continuous cycles,and maximum energy and power densities of 191 Wh kg^(-1)and 9.2 kW kg^(-1),*** believe that such a synthetic protocol could pave a novel venue to develop soft carbons with unique properties for advanced SIBs.

关键词： kinetics carbons linking

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Effect of red clover isoflavones on hormone, immune, inflammatory, and plasma biochemistry in lactating dairy cows

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 306-312页

作者： Shiqi Zhang Xiaoyin Zhang Zhanbo Xiong Kexin Li Yuan Gao Ying Bu Nan Zheng Shengguo Zhao jiaqi wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Institute of Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 China

This study was to conducted to investigate the effect of red clover isoflavones on the health indicated by immune status and blood biochemistry in dairy cows. Sixty-eight healthy Holstein lactating cows were randomly divided into four treatments (n= 17 per treatment) from 5 blocks according to milk yield using a randomized complete block design. No initial differences in parity (2.13 ± 1.21), days in milk (165 ± 21 d), and milk yield (33.93 ± 3.81 kg/d) between groups. Cows were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 2, 4, or 8 g/kg red clover extract (RCE) in diet (dry matter based). Feeding, refusal feed weights, and milk yield were recorded three consecutive days in weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12. Blood was collected from the tail vein of the cows on the last day of weeks 4, 8 and 12, 1 h after the morning feeding, and analyzed for hormones, immunoglobulins, inflammatory markers, and markers of liver and kidney activities. The dry matter intake was significantly decreased by 3.7% in the 8 g/kg group (P 0.05). These results recommend the supplementation of RCE at a level from 2 to 4 g/kg DM.

关键词： Dairy cow Red clover isoflavone Immunity Anti-inflammatory

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Femtosecond laser 3D printed micro objective lens for ultrathin fiber endoscope

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 123-130页

作者： Bozhe Li Changrui Liao Zhihao Cai Jie Zhou Cong Zhao Liqing Jing jiaqi wang Cong Xiong Lei Xu Ying wang Yiping wang Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Photonic Devices and Sensing Systems for Internet of Things Guangdong and Hong Kong Joint Research Centre for Optical Fibre SensorsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Electronic and Communication Engineering Shenzhen Polytechnic UniversityShenzhen 518055China

The most important optical component in an optical fiber endoscope is its objective *** achieve a high imaging performance level,the development of an ultra-compact objective lens is thus the key to an ultra-thin optical fiber *** this work,we use femtosecond laser 3D printing to develop a series of micro objective lenses with different optical *** imaging resolution and field-of-view performances of these printed micro objective lenses are investigated via both simulations and *** the first time,multiple micro objective lenses with different fields of view are printed on the end face of a single imaging optical fiber,thus realizing the perfect integration of an optical fiber and objective *** work demonstrates the considerable potential of femtosecond laser 3D printing in the fabrication of micro-optical systems and provides a reliable solution for the development of an ultrathin fiber endoscope.

关键词： Femtosecond laser Two-photon polymerization 3D printing Micro objective lens Fiber endoscope

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