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Evolution of boundary layer ozone in Shijiazhuang,a suburban site on the North China Plain

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第9期31卷 152-160页

作者： Wei Zhao guiqian Tang Huan Yu Yang Yang Yinghong wang Lili wang Junlin An Wenkang Gao Bo Hu Mengtian Cheng Xingqin An Xin Li Yuesi wang Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry fLAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Department of Atmospheric Science School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Weather Modification Office of Hebei Province Shijiazhuang 050021 China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry ofEducation (KLME) Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC) Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud- Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The structure of the boundary layer affects the evolution of ozone(O3), and research into this structure will provide important insights for understanding photochemical *** this study, we conducted a one-month observation(from June 15 to July 14, 2016) of the boundary layer meteorological factors as well as O3 and its precursors in Luancheng County,Shijiazhuang(37°53′N, 114°38′E). Our research showed that photochemical pollution in Shijiazhuang is serious, and the mean hourly maximum and mean 8-hr maximum O3 concentrations are 97.9 ± 26.1 and 84.4 ± 22.4 ppbV, respectively. Meteorological factors play a significant role in the formation of O3. High temperatures and southeasterly winds lead to elevated O3 values, and at moderate relative humidity(40%–50%) and medium boundary layer heights(1200–1500 m), O3 production sensitivity occurred in the transitional region between volatile organic compounds(VOC) and nitrogen oxides(NOx) limitations,and the O3 concentration was the highest. The vertical profiles of O3 were also measured by a tethered balloon. The results showed that a large amount of O3 was stored in the residual layer, and the concentration was positively correlated with the O3 concentration measured the previous day. During the daytime of the following day, the contribution of O3 stored in the residual layer to the boundary layer reached 27%± 7% on average.

关键词： Ozone Boundary layer Residual layer Vertical evolution Sensitivity

Characteristics of PM_(2.5) pollution in Beijing after the improvement of air quality

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第2期33卷 1-10页

作者： Xiaojuan Huang guiqian Tang Junke Zhang Baoxian Liu Chao Liu Jin Zhang Leilei Cong Mengtian Cheng Guangxuan Yan Wenkang Gao Yinghong wang Yuesi wang Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province School of Atmospheric SciencesChengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southiuest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing 100048China Fengtai District Ecology and Environment Bureau Beijing 100071China School of Environment Henan Normal UniuersityKey Laboratory Jor YellouRiuer and Huai Riuer Water Environment and Pollution ControlMinistry of EducationHenan Key Laboratory/or EnvironmentaI Pollution ControlXinxiang 453007China

Following the implementation of the strictest clean air policies to date in Beijing,the physicochemical characteristics and sources of PM_(2.5) have changed over the past few *** improve pollution reduction policies and subsequent air quality further,it is necessary to explore the changes in PM_(2.5) over *** this study,over one year(2017-2018)field study based on filter sampling(TH-150C;Wuhan Tianhong,China)was conducted in Fengtai District,Beijing,revealed that the annual average PM_(2.5) concentration(64.8±43.1μg/m^3)was significantly lower than in previous years and the highest PM_(2.5) concentration occurred in spring(84.4±59.9μg/m^3).Secondary nitrate was the largest source and accounted for 25.7%of the measured PM_(2.5).Vehicular emission,the second largest source(17.6%),deserves more attention when considering the increase in the number of motor vehicles and its contribution to gaseous *** addition,the contribution from coal combustion to PM_(2.5) decreased *** weekends,the contribution from EC and NO3−increased whereas the contributions from SO4^2−,OM,and trace elements decreased,compared with *** the period of residential heating,PM_(2.5) mass decreased by 23.1%,compared with non-heating period,while the contributions from coal combustion and vehicular emission,and related species *** the aggravation of pollution,the contribution of vehicular emission and secondary sulfate increased and then decreased,while the contribution of NO3−and secondary nitrate continued to increase,and accounted for 34.0%and 57.5%of the PM_(2.5) during the heavily polluted days,respectively.

关键词： PM_(2.5) Seasonal variations Chemical composition Source apportionment Pollution evolution

Vertical distributions of VOCs in the Tibetan Plateau background region

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第6期17卷 33-38页

作者： Xuanxuan Xue Fugeng Zha Yinghong wang Yang Zhang Yu wang Ying Shen Yanyu Kang Dan Yao guiqian Tang Jianchun Bian Yuesi wang School of Earth and Environment Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanChina Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Environment Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

Exploring the vertical variation in volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in background regions can provide infor-mation on the spatial distribution of pollutants,providing a scientific basis for atmospheric pollution prevention and control *** 15 August to 5 September 2023,at the Southeast Tibet Mountain Comprehensive Environmental Observation Station(SETS),a tethered balloon was used to sample VOCs every 100 m from the ground to 1000 m.A total of 403 air bag samples were collected,and 39 vertical profiles of VOCs were ***-two VOC species were *** VOC concentration at the SETS did not change significantly verti-cally,and the average VOC concentration was 11.1±2.4 *** main components were alkanes(51.4%),alkenes(18.7%),and halohydrocarbons(18.1%).There was no obvious diurnal change in VOCs and no signif-icant difference between the different *** the surface VOC concentration was less than 10 ppbv,the concentrations,components,and sources of VOCs were evenly distributed vertically,and the main sources of VOCs at different heights were vehicle exhaust and *** the surface VOC concentration exceeded 10 ppbv,the VOC concentration gradually decreased with *** proportion of alkanes in surface VOCs in-creased,and the source was mainly vehicle *** study confirmed that VOCs are vertically homogeneous in the background of the Tibetan Plateau,emphasizing the importance of vehicle emissions as a potential source of VOCs.

关键词： VOCs Vertical distributions Boundary layer Source apportionment

Super-resolution imaging for in situ monitoring sub-cellular micro-dynamics of small molecule drug

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1864-1877页

作者： Huimin Chen guiqian Fang Youxiao Ren Weiwei Zou Kang Ying Zhiwei Yang Qixin Chen School of Pharmaceutical Sciences&Institute of Materia Medica Medical Science and Technology Innovation CenterShandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250062China MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter School of PhysicsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Reproductive Medicine Center Department of Obstetrics and Gynecologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China

Small molecule drugs play a pivotal role in the arsenal of anticancer pharmacological agents. Nonetheless, their small size poses a challenge when directly visualizing their localization, distribution, mechanism of action (MOA), and target engagement at the subcellular level in real time. We propose a strategy for developing triple-functioning drug beacons that seamlessly integrate therapeutically relevant bioactivity, precise subcellular localization, and direct visualization capabilities within a single molecular entity. As a proof of concept, we have meticulously designed and constructed a boronic acid fluorescence drug beacon using coumarin–hemicyanine (CHB). Our CHB design includes three pivotal features: a boronic acid moiety that binds both adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thus depleting their levels and disrupting the energy supply within mitochondria;a positively charged component that targets the drug beacon to mitochondria;and a sizeable conjugated luminophore that emits fluorescence, facilitating the application of structured illumination microscopy (SIM). Our study indicates the exceptional responsiveness of our proof-of-concept drug beacon to ADP and ATP, its efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth, and its ability to facilitate the tracking of ADP and ATP distribution around the mitochondrial cristae. Furthermore, our investigation reveals that the micro-dynamics of CHB induce mitochondrial dysfunction by causing damage to the mitochondrial cristae and mitochondrial DNA. Altogether, our findings highlight the potential of SIM in conjunction with visual drug design as a potent tool for monitoring the in situ MOA of small molecule anticancer compounds. This approach represents a crucial advancement in addressing a current challenge within the field of small molecule drug discovery and validation.

关键词： Mitochondrial Drug beacon Sub-cellular Small molecule Energy supply Anti-tumor

Trends in particulate matter and its chemical compositions in China from 2013–2017

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第12期62卷 1857-1871页

作者： Yuesi wang Wenjie LI Wenkang GAO Zirui LIU Shili TIAN Rongrong SHEN Dongsheng JI Shuai wang Lili wang guiqian TANG Tao SONG Mengtian CHENG Gehui wang Zhengyu GONG Jiming HAO Yuanhang ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Lacer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry(LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing 100012China Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education School of Geographic SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

Accurate determination of the atmospheric particulate matter mass concentration and chemical composition is helpful in exploring the causes and sources of atmospheric enthalpy pollution and in evaluating the rationality of environmental air quality control *** on the sampling and chemical composition data of PM2.5 in different key regions of China in the CARE-China observation network,this research analyzes the environmental air quality data released by the China National Environmental Monitoring Centre during the studied period to determine the changes in the particulate matter mass concentration in key regions and the evolution of the corresponding chemical compositions during the implementation of the Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Air Pollution from *** results show the following.(1)The particulate matter mass concentration in China showed a significant downward trend;however,the PM2.5 annual mass concentration in 64%of cities exceeds the New Chinese Ambient Air Quality Standard(CAAQS)GradeⅡ(GB3095-2012).The region to the east of the Taihang Mountains,the Fenhe and Weihe River Plain and the Urumqi-Changji regions in Xinjiang,all have PM2.5 concentration loading that is still high,and heavy haze pollution occurred frequently in the autumn and winter.(2)During the heavy pollution in the autumn and winter,the concentrations of sulfate and organic components decreased *** mean SO42-concentration in PM2.5 decreased by 76%,12%,81%and 38%in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH),the Pearl River Delta(PRD),the Sichuan-Chongqing region(SC)and the Fenhe and Weihe River Plain,*** mean organic matter(OM)concentration decreased by 70%,44%,48%and 31%,respectively,and the mean concentration of NH4+decreased by 68%,1.6%,38%and 25%,*** mean elemental carbon(EC)concentration decreased by 84%and 20%in BTH and SC,respectively,and it increased by 61%and 11%in the PRD and Fenhe and Weihe River Plain,*** mean c

关键词： PM2.5 Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Air Pollution,Key regions Chemical composition Particle size distribution Variation characteristics

Enhanced nitrous acid(HONO)formation via NO_(2)uptake and its potential contribution to heavy haze formation during wintertime

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第6期17卷 15-20页

作者： Zirui Liu Rong Yang Jingyun Liu Keding Lu guiqian Tang Yuepeng Pan Dongsheng Ji Yuesi wang Bo Hu State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Atmospheric Sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengduChina College of Energy and Environmental Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Air Pollution Cause and ImpactHebei University of EngineeringHandanChina State Key Joint Laboratory or Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijingChina

full understanding of the sources of atmospheric nitrous acid(HONO)in the polluted urban atmosphere re-mains a *** this study,ambient HONO and relevant species were measured during January 2019 at an urban site in Beijing,China,and a budget analysis of HONO was conducted using a box model combined with field *** nighttime“missing sources”of HONO were identified on heavily polluted days based on traditional sources,which had a significant correlation with the relative humidity,ammonia(NH_(3)),and aerosol surface area,and the promotional effect of NH_(3)for nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))uptake on the wet aerosol surface was ***,an updated parameterization scheme for quantifying the enhanced heterogeneous reactions of NO_(2)on aerosol surfaces is proposed,and the missing nighttime sources of HONO could be substantially com-pensated after the new scheme was *** evaluation on the contributions of HONO to hydroxyl radicals was conducted,and the authors found that the photolysis of HONO played a dominant role in the primary OH production on the polluted days(78%-90%).The study reveals great potential of an NH3-enhanced uptake coefficient of NO_(2)on the aerosol surface in the nocturnal HONO budget,and highlights the significance of HONO in the strong atmospheric oxidation capability during episodes with a heavily polluted atmosphere.

关键词： Nitrous acid Budget analysis Heterogeneous reactions of NO_(2) Heavy pollution episodes Atmospheric oxidation capacity

Simulated Sensitivity of Ozone Generation to Precursors in Beijing during a High O_(3) Episode

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第7期38卷 1223-1237页

作者： Meng CUI Xingqin AN Li XING Guohui LI guiqian TANG Jianjun HE Xin LONG Shuman ZHAO PLA Troops No.78127 Chengdu 610000China Institute of Atmospheric Composition Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Environment Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

This study uses the WRF-Chem model combined with the empirical kinetic modeling method(EKMA curve)to study the compound pollution event in Beijing that happened in 13−23 May *** tests are conducted to analyze ozone sensitivity to its precursors,and to develop emission reduction *** results suggest that the model can accurately simulate the compound pollution process of photochemistry and *** VOCs and NOx were reduced by the same proportion,the effect of O_(3)reduction at peak time was more obvious,and the effect during daytime was more significant than at *** degree of change in ozone was peak time>daytime *** reducing or increasing the ratio of precursors by 25%at the same time,the effect of reducing 25%VOCs on the average ozone concentration reduction was most *** degree of change in ozone decreased with increasing altitude,the location of the ozone maximum change shifted westward,and its range *** the altitude increases,the VOCs-limited zone decreases,VOCs sensitivity decreases,NOx sensitivity *** controlled area changed from near-surface VOCs-limited to high-altitude *** examining the EKMA curve,we have found that suburban and urban are sensitive to *** sensitivity tests indicate that when VOCs in suburban are reduced about 60%,the O_(3)-1h concentration could reach the standard,and when VOCs of the urban decreased by about 50%,the O_(3)-1h concentration could reach the ***,these findings could provide references for the control of compound air pollution in Beijing.

关键词： Ozone(O_(3)) Sensitivity of ozone to its precursors WRF-Chem model EKMA Beijing

中医护理干预在1、2期压力性损伤中的应用研究进展

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北京中医药 2024年第4期43卷 434-437页

作者：李学艳裴晓璐姚卫海彭伟郭桂明郝丽林晓烁王桂倩关丽王爽范亚楠白京华首都医科大学附属北京中医医院ICU 北京100010 首都医科大学附属北京中医医院护理部北京100010 首都医科大学附属北京中医医院急诊科北京100010 首都医科大学附属北京中医医院临床药学部北京100010 首都医科大学附属北京中医医院肛肠科北京100010 首都医科大学附属北京中医医院消化科北京100010

压力性损伤主要是发生在皮肤和(或)潜在皮下软组织的局限性损伤,是卧床、行动不便或活动受限等患者临床最常见的并发症之一,严重降低患者的生存及生活质量。中医护理干预对患者的病情控制、生活质量提升具有积极影响。采取情志、饮食、... 详细信息

压力性损伤主要是发生在皮肤和(或)潜在皮下软组织的局限性损伤,是卧床、行动不便或活动受限等患者临床最常见的并发症之一,严重降低患者的生存及生活质量。中医护理干预对患者的病情控制、生活质量提升具有积极影响。采取情志、饮食、生活起居、中医药物和非药物等护理干预措施,对压力性损伤患者进行分期辨证施护,可直达病所,使肿消痛止、脓去疮愈,且操作简便、安全性高、费用低廉、不良反应少,易被患者接受。

关键词：中医护理干预压力性损伤中医外治法

Contrasting trends of PM2.5 and surface-ozone concentrations in China from 2013 to 2017

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National Science Review 2020年第8期7卷 1331-1339页

作者： Yonghong wang Wenkang Gao Shuai wang Tao Song Zhengyu Gong Dongsheng Ji Lili wang Zirui Liu guiqian Tang Yanfeng Huo Shili Tian Jiayun Li Mingge Li Yuan Yang Biwu Chu Tuukka Pet?j? Veli-Matti Kerminen Hong He Jiming Hao Markku Kulmala Yuesi wang Yuanhang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research University of Helsinki China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC) Anhui Institute of Meteorological Sciences State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University

Although much attention has been paid to investigating and controlling air pollution in China, the trends of air-pollutant concentrations on a national scale have remained unclear. Here, we quantitatively investigated the variation of air pollutants in China using long-term comprehensive data sets from 2013 to 2017, during which Chinese government made major efforts to reduce anthropogenic emission in polluted regions. Our results show a significant decreasing trend in the PM2.5concentration in heavily polluted regions of eastern China, with an annual decrease of ～7% compared with measurements in 2013. The measured decreased concentrations of SO2, NO2and CO（a proxy for anthropogenic volatile organic compounds） could explain a large fraction of the decreased PM2.5concentrations in different regions. As a consequence, the heavily polluted days decreased significantly in corresponding regions. Concentrations of organic aerosol,nitrate, sulfate, ammonium and chloride measured in urban Beijing revealed a remarkable reduction from 2013 to 2017, connecting the decreases in aerosol precursors with corresponding chemical components closely. However, surface-ozone concentrations showed increasing trends in most urban stations from 2013 to 2017, which indicates stronger photochemical pollution. The boundary-layer height in capital cities of eastern China showed no significant trends over the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions from 2013 to 2017, which confirmed the reduction in anthropogenic emissions. Our results demonstrated that the Chinese government was successful in the reduction of particulate matter in urban areas from 2013 to 2017, although the ozone concentration has increased significantly, suggesting a more complex mechanism of improving Chinese air quality in the future.

关键词： air pollution clean-air action particulate matter surface ozone China chemical composition