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Crack mechanism of ground fissures in loess layer of Fenwei Basin, China

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1683-1696页

作者： LI Cong LU Quanzhong wang feiyong LUO Wenchao XU Qiang School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of EducationXi’an 710054China Observation and Research Station of Ground Fissure and Land Subsidence Ministry of Natural ResourcesXi’an 710054China School of Engineering and Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

The Fenwei Basin, covered by loess, experiences severe ground fissure disasters. These disasters disrupt the continuity of the loess and pose significant threats to engineering construction safety along transportation routes. Nevertheless, the crack characteristics and the influence zone of ground fissures in the loess layer remain inadequately investigated. To effectively prevent and control ground fissure disasters, physical model tests and the PFC(particle flow code) numerical simulation method are used to investigate the crack mechanism of buried ground fissures in the loess layer. The results show that there are two main cracks in the layer profile, which have a Y-shape morphology. As the dip angle of the preset cracks increased from 60° to 90°, the main deformation zone at the surface gradually shifted towards the footwall. The process of crack propagation from depth to surface is divided into five stages. Additionally, the results confirm the accuracy of the width of the rupture zone d2in the footwall calculated by the cantilever beam theory. These findings can offer theoretical guidance for determining the avoidance distance of ground fissures in loess regions, as well as for implementing disaster prevention and corresponding control measures for various stages of buried ground fissure propagation.

关键词： Ground fissure Fenwei Basin Physical model test Particle flow code Crack propagation

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A typical paleochannel-controlled ground fissure in Hengshui， Hebei Plain， China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： feiyong wang Jianbing Peng Jishan Xu Quanzhong Lu School of Geology Engineering and Geomatics， Chang'an University Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering， Ministry of Education， Chang'an University Key Laboratory of Earth Fissures Geological Disaster， Ministry of Natural Resources (Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province) School of Engineering and Technology， Institute of Geosafety， China University of Geosciences， Beijing School of Resources and Geosciences， China University of Mining and Technology

Nearly 1 100 fissures have formed on the Hebei Plain in China. Within the Yellow River-Qinghe River-Zhanghe River shallow buried paleochannel Band on the plain， 93 ground fissures controlled by paleochannels have developed. Among them， The Wuyi-Fuping ground fissure is a typical paleochannel-controlled fissure located in Hengshui， Hebei Province， with a total length of 3 km， a dominant strike of NE78°， and nearly upright in the shallow layer. The surface damage observed in this fissure primarily manifests as beaded pits， and its activity showcases distinct segmentation characteristics. On the trench profiles， the offset distance of shallow layers remains consistently around 20 cm within the depth range of 0 m to -3 m. An evident flexure is observed in the strata at depths ranging from -4.5 to -7 m. The drilling profile reveals that there is an absence of dislocations in the deeper strata. Nonetheless， the shallow seismic physical profiles unveil the presence of underlying faults beneath the study area， underscoring the intricate formation process and genesis mechanism of the Wuyi-Fuping ground fissure. Firstly， the formation and evolution of the Qingling River’s paleochannel were shaped by the actions of fault blocks and underlying faults. The interplay of the regional stress field， fault block movement， and fault activity played pivotal roles in driving the development of this paleochannel. Secondly， the paleochannel exerts a controlling influence on the development location and severity of the fissure. During pumping， the confined aquifer within the paleochannel undergoes water loss and compression， resulting in the formation of a surface subsidence funnel. When the tensile stress surpasses the soil’s tensile strength at the funnel’s edge， the soil fractures， giving rise to a ground fissure. Finally， large amounts of surface water generated by heavy rainfall and irrigation can cause existing hidden ground fissures to rupture， emerge， and expand. This paper provide

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表水侵蚀地裂缝物理模型试验研究

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工程地质学报 2024年第1期32卷 183-193页

作者：刘阳王飞永贺鸣赵玺长安大学西安710054 中国地质大学(北京) 北京100083 中国冶金地质总局西北局西安710119

地表水入渗侵蚀是地裂缝出露地表的一个重要诱发因素。肯尼亚裂谷区因其特殊的构造环境背景,降雨侵蚀地裂缝极其发育。本文以东非肯尼亚裂谷地裂缝为原型,建立了降雨侵蚀条件下隐伏岩土体破裂扩展出露地表的地质模型,通过物理模型试验... 详细信息

地表水入渗侵蚀是地裂缝出露地表的一个重要诱发因素。肯尼亚裂谷区因其特殊的构造环境背景,降雨侵蚀地裂缝极其发育。本文以东非肯尼亚裂谷地裂缝为原型,建立了降雨侵蚀条件下隐伏岩土体破裂扩展出露地表的地质模型,通过物理模型试验揭示了地裂缝发育过程中土体内部水力侵蚀破坏的演化规律。试验结果表明:(1)表水侵蚀地裂缝可将其破裂扩展过程分为3个阶段:均匀入渗阶段,侵蚀掏空阶段、塌陷致灾阶段。(2)隐伏岩土体破裂的影响区域是表水入渗的优势通道,该区域水力侵蚀强烈。(3)当侵蚀塌陷形成时,土体内部含水率和孔隙水压力出现同步的陡变。土体内部含水率的突变反映了裂隙的发育以及局部塌陷的形成,从而可以揭示土体内部侵蚀塌陷的进程。此次基于表水入渗的物理模型试验研究可为地裂缝的监测防控提供科学理论支撑。

关键词：地裂缝降雨侵蚀模型试验破裂扩展

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AXIAL LOADS ACTING ON MANDREL IN COPPER RIFLED TUBE DRAWING PROCESS

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 1996年第1期6卷 54-56页

作者： Peng Dashu Yang Bin wang feiyong Yang Linbin Department of Materials Science and Engineering Central South University of TechnologyChangsha 410083

Stresses and axial loads acting on the mandrel in the copper rifled tube drawing process were analysed,and factors affecting on the axial loads on mandrel were *** show that the depth of the mandrel dragged into sizin... 详细信息

关键词： drawing copper rifled tube lubrication fin

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Geological Factors for the Formation of Xi＇an Ground Fractures

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第2期29卷 468-478页

作者： Jianbing Peng Wei Qu Jun Ren Qin Zhang feiyong wang College of Geology Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an University Xi' an 710054 China Key Laboratory of Western China' s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of Education Chang'an University Xi' an 710054 China Seismological Bureau of Shaanxi Province Xi' an 710068 China

Xi＇an ground fractures are the most typical ground fractures in China. Fourteen fractures have nearly divided the historical city into several distinct sections. These fractures are parallel and dis- tributed in NEE direction at the same interval, with all features exhibiting a down dropping southerly block which extends to connect with the underlying fault. The activities of fractures are primarily ex- pressed as normal faults. The faulted strata are well defined and dislocation displacement increases with depth. Thus, fractures have the characteristics of syn-sedimentary faults, which constitute the hanging wall of the Lintong-Chang＇an fault branch system. Crustal thinning caused by the uplifting of upper man- tle provides a power source for extension and stretching along the fracture surface of the upper crust, which results in a series of extensional faults and the suitable conditions for forming massive ground frac- tures. The movement of tectonic blocks influences the normal dip-slipping tension of Lintong-Chang＇an fault branches, and produces a series of secondary tectonic fractures adjacent to surface, which constitute the prototype of ground fractures. The recent regional tensile stress produced by modern mainland de- formation, also profoundly influences the current activity of Xi＇an ground fractures.

关键词： Xi'an ground fracture tectonic property basin structure continental dynamics.

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3个余甘子优良无性系在广西贵港市种植表现及品质特性分析

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中国南方果树 2024年第3期53卷 276-280页

作者：邓立宝黄丹红时德举潘鸿望飞勇晏玲罗瑞鸿韦持章广西壮族自治区农业科学院南宁530007 广西大玉余甘果有限责任公司广西贵港537313 广西大学南宁530004 北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院北京100083

为筛选出适合在广西贵港市种植的余甘子优良无性系,为余甘子良种培育和生产提供科学依据。以野生余甘子为对照,调查和分析“平丹一号”“平丹二号”“平丹三号”3个余甘子优良无性系在广西贵港市的种植表现及品质特性。结果表明,“平丹... 详细信息

为筛选出适合在广西贵港市种植的余甘子优良无性系,为余甘子良种培育和生产提供科学依据。以野生余甘子为对照,调查和分析“平丹一号”“平丹二号”“平丹三号”3个余甘子优良无性系在广西贵港市的种植表现及品质特性。结果表明,“平丹一号”和“平丹二号”在广西贵港市表现为早熟或中早熟,“平丹三号”为中熟;3个余甘子优良无性系丰产性较好,5年生树单株鲜果产量在46.10~50.95 kg之间,单果质量在9.32~10.54 g之间,都显著高于野生余甘子。不同余甘子优良无性系果实可溶性固形物含量在10.60%以上,果实单宁、维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白等内含物含量较高。“平丹一号”“平丹二号”和“平丹三号”在广西贵港市综合表现较好,抗病性较强,可选择培育成良种并加以推广。

关键词：余甘子优良无性系种植表现品质特性

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Development characteristics and formation analysis of the Liangjia Village earth fissure in the Weihe Basin,China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第4期14卷 758-769页

作者： Junhua Zhu Jianwei Qiao feiyong wang Quanzhong Lu Yuyun Xia Ransheng Chen Haiyuan Zhao Jingliang Dong School of Civil Engineering and Architecture East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang330013China National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Civil Engineering East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang330013China China Jikan Research Institute of Engineering Investigations and Design Co. Ltd.Xi’an710043China Shaanxi Key Laboratory for the Property and Treatment of Special Soil and Rock Xi’an710043China School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China

Liangjia Village earth fissure,one of the 79 earth fissures along the Kouzhen-Guanshan fault located in the northern Weihe Basin,causes severe damage to buildings and *** the late 1950s,40 earth fissures have occurred in a similar east-west(EW)direction parallel to the Kouzhen-Guanshan fault,and a further 39 earth fissures have occurred with north-west,east-north,or north-east orientations intersecting the *** this study,a case study of Liangjia Village earth fissure was conducted to investigate the mechanisms of fissure generation in *** and geophysical methods including measurements,trenching,drilling,and seismic exploration were used to reveal the basic characteristics,geological background,and origin model of the Liangjia Village earth *** earth fissure,with a total length of 800 m in 2014,runs EW parallel to the Kouzhen-Guanshan fault,and it has damaged buildings and farmlands by forming sinkholes,gullies,subsidence,and a *** trenching results indicated that this fissure underwent multi-phase *** of geological drilling and shallow seismic profiling results showed that the fissure also possessed characteristics of a synsedimentary *** its genesis,the fissure was formed through the combined actions of three factors:an earthquake created the fissure,the Kouzhen-Guanshan fault controlled its development,and loess erosion and groundwater runoff subsequently enlarged the *** extension first generated many buried faults along the hanging wall of the Kouzhen-Guanshan fault before seismic activity caused the buried faults to propagate to the surface,where loess erosion and ground-water runoff promoted the formation of the current earth fissure.

关键词： earth fissure Kouzhen-Guanshan fault earthquake creep slip loess erosion

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4个蓝莓品种在广西百色市种植表现及品质特性分析

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中国南方果树 2024年第3期53卷 270-275页

作者：蒋强钟勇马涛王永昌时德举望飞勇杨谨瑛罗瑞鸿黄慧俐邓立宝百色市现代农业技术研究推广中心广西百色533612 广西农业职业技术大学南宁530007 广西润兰德农业科技有限公司广西百色533612 广西大学南宁530004 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所南宁530007

为筛选出适合广西百色市种植的蓝莓优良品种,为蓝莓生产提供理论指导和科学依据,引进了“珠宝”“天后”“优瑞卡”“火花”4个蓝莓品种并调查和分析其种植表现及品质特性。结果表明,4个蓝莓品种在广西百色市种植后第1年正常开花结果,... 详细信息

为筛选出适合广西百色市种植的蓝莓优良品种,为蓝莓生产提供理论指导和科学依据,引进了“珠宝”“天后”“优瑞卡”“火花”4个蓝莓品种并调查和分析其种植表现及品质特性。结果表明,4个蓝莓品种在广西百色市种植后第1年正常开花结果,丰产性好,种植后第3年平均单株鲜果产量2.54~3.46 kg,平均单果质量从大到小依次为“珠宝”>“优瑞卡”>“天后”>“火花”。不同蓝莓品种果实品质较好,果实可溶性固形物含量在9.7%以上,花色苷、维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白等含量较丰富。在避雨设施基质栽培条件下,“珠宝”和“优瑞卡”在广西百色市综合表现较好,可选择作为优良品种加以推广;“天后”和“火花”平均单株产量中等,平均单果质量较小,可选择作为授粉树品种、育种材料等,但不适宜大面积推广。

关键词：蓝莓引种种植表现品质特性

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Formation Mechanism of Ground Fissures Originated from the Hanging Wall of Normal Fault:A Case in Fen-Wei Basin,China

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第2期33卷 482-492页

作者： Zhijie Jia Jianbing Peng Quanzhong Lu Jianwei Qiao feiyong wang Mingdong Zang Yang Liu Junyan Zhao Fengji Zhu School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang an UniversityXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of Education Chang'an UniversityXfan 710064China China JK Institute of Engineering and Design Xfan 710043China Shaanxi Key Laboratory for the Property and Treatment of Special Soil and Rock Xfan 710043China School of Engineering and Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

This paper takes Fen-Wei Basin(FWB)as a case to study the ground fissures controlled by normal *** on the field investigation,geophysical exploration,drilling,GNSS data and numerical calculation,the characteristics and mechanism of ground fissures originated from the hanging wall of normal faults are *** results show that the distribution of ground fissures in the hanging wall and heading wall of the active faults is not *** fissures are mostly distributed in the hanging wall of active faults and show a linear distribution on the surface,their strike is consistent with the fault,mainly characterized by vertical offset and horizontal *** fissures destroy the farmland and building foundation through which they pass and cause the rupture or *** profile section,the ground fissure shows the characteristics of normal faults and dislocates the strata,and is connected with the underlying *** analysis shows that the vertical displacement of normal fault activity in hanging wall is much larger than that in heading wall,which is the reason that tectonic ground fissures mainly originate from hanging *** range of dangerous area of ground fissures is controlled by the depth of fault,the strength of the ground fissures disaster is mainly controlled by the activity of *** formation of the ground fissures originated from the hanging wall of the fault experienced three stages:the main fault activity stage,the secondary fault activity stage and the fissure formation stage.

关键词： ground fissure Fen-Wei Basin active fault dislocation theory formation mechanism hazards engineering geology

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A Comprehensive Method for the Risk Assessment of Ground Fissures:Case Study of the Eastern Weihe Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第6期34卷 1892-1907页

作者： Zhijie Jia Jianbing Peng Quanzhong Lu Penghui Ma Jianwei Qiao feiyong wang Mingdong Zang Yang Liu Junyan Zhao Fengji Zhu School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering Ministry of Education Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China China JK Institute of Engineering and Design Xian 710043China School of Engineering and Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

Ground fissures are influenced by the coupling of geological factors and human *** threaten the safety of infrastructure and restrict town planning in many areas in *** of the area most severely affected by ground fissures is the Weihe Basin in North China,which has the most extensive distribution of ground fissures and all the elements that control their occurrence,pro-viding an ideal study area for the study of ground *** this study,we took the eastern Weihe Ba-sin as the study area and determined the distribution and hazard characteristics of ground fissures via field *** on the analytic hierarchy process,we propose a multi-level,comprehensive method for evaluating the hazards of ground *** method considers the geological back-ground,development status,and triggering factors of ground fissures,including all nine currently known assessment indices of ground *** used judgment matrices to rank the constructed ground fissure assessment index system at the single and total levels and quantified the nine assessment indices of ground fissures according to the field survey ***,we plotted the ground fissure risk zoning map and evaluated the ground fissure risk at the study *** findings indicated that the proposed method could facilitate ground fissure hazard assessment and prediction and provide support for hazard prevention and urban/rural planning.

关键词： ground fissure analytic hierarchy process hazards risk assessment hazard prevention

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