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Decoding the biochemical dialogue: metabolomic insights into soybean defense strategies against diverse pathogens

Science China Life Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 2234-2250页

作者： Min Qiu Mengjun Tian Yaru Sun Huaibo Li Wenwen Huang Haibing Ouyang Shaoyan Lin Chen Zhang Ming wang yuanchao wang Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University Department of Plant PathologyNanjing Agricultural University The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity Nanjing Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Nanjing Agricultural University China State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University

Soybean, a crucial global leguminous crop, confronts persistent threats from diverse pathogens, exerting a profound impact on global *** genetic dimensions of soybean-pathogen interactions have garnered attention, the intricate biochemical responses remain poorly elucidated. In this study, we applied targeted and untargeted liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry(LC-MS) metabolite profiling to dissect the complex interplay between soybeans and five distinct pathogens. Our analysis uncovered 627 idMS/MS spectra,leading to the identification of four main modules, encompassing flavonoids, isoflavonoids, triterpenoids, and amino acids and peptides,alongside other compounds such as phenolics. Profound shifts were observed in both primary and secondary metabolism in response to pathogenic infections. Particularly notable were the bidirectional changes in total flavonoids across diverse pathogenic inoculations, while triterpenoids exhibited a general declining trend. Noteworthy among the highly inducible total flavonoids were known representative antipathogen compounds(glyceollin I), backbone forms of isoflavonoids(daidzein, genistein, glycitein, formononetin), and newly purified compounds in this study(prunin). Subsequently, we delved into the biological roles of these five compounds, validating their diverse functions against pathogens: prunin significantly inhibited the vegetative growth and virulence of Phytophthora sojae; genistein exhibited a pronounced inhibitory effect on the vegetative growth and virulence of Phomopsis longicolla; daidzein and formononetin displayed significant repressive effects on the virulence of P. longicolla. This study underscores the potent utility of metabolomic tools, providing in-depth insights into plant-pathogen interactions from a biochemical perspective. The findings not only contribute to plant pathology but also offer strategic pathways for bolstering plant resistance against diseases on a broader scale.

关键词： metabolome soybean soybean-pathogens interaction secondary metabolites triterpenoids flavonoids isoflavonoids antimicrobial compounds

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Oomycete Nudix effectors display WY-Nudix conformation and mRNA decapping activity

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第8期66卷 1548-1552页

作者： Baodian Guo Qinli Hu Bangwei wang Deqiang Yao Haonan wang Guanghui Kong Chenyang Han Suomeng Dong Fengquan Liu Weiman Xing yuanchao wang Department of Plant Pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Institute of Plant Protection Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China Department of Molecular Genetics University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexas 75390USA Institute of Aging&Tissue Regeneration Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of Agriculture Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China College of Life Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

Phytopathogens secrete effectors to promote colonization of their host *** effectors modulate host immune responses by interfering with various pathways,but little is known about their biochemical *** recent reports indicate that some phytopathogen effectors have Nudix hydrolase activity,including Avr3b from Phytophthora sojae(Dong et al.,2011),AvrM14 from Melampsora lini (McCombe et al.,2023),and RipN from Ralstonia solanacearum (Sun et al.,2019).

关键词： plants Phytophthora biochemical

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AlphaFold-guided redesign of a plant pectin methylesterase inhibitor for broad-spectrum disease resistance

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1344-1368页

作者： Yeqiang Xia Guangzheng Sun Junhua Xiao Xinyi He Haibin Jiang Zhichao Zhang Qi Zhang Kainan Li Sicong Zhang Xuechao Shi Zhaoyun wang Lin Liu Yao Zhao Yuheng Yang Kaixuan Duan Wenwu Ye Yiming wang Suomeng Dong Yan wang Zhenchuan Ma yuanchao wang Department of Plant Pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China Key Laboratory of Soybean Disease and Pest Control(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Nanjng Agricultural UniversityNanjngJiangsu 210095China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China School of Bioengineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBejing 100193China These authors contributed equally to the article.

Plant cell walls are a critical site where plants and pathogens continuously struggle for physiological *** we show that dynamic remodeling of pectin methylesterification of plant cell walls is a compo-nent of the physiological and co-evolutionary struggles between hosts and pathogens.A pectin methyles-terase(PsPME1)secreted by Phytophthora sojae decreases the degree of pectin methylesterification,thus synergizing with an endo-polygalacturonase(PsPG1)to weaken plant cell *** counter PsPME1-mediated susceptibility,a plant-derived pectin methylesterase inhibitor protein,GmPMl1,protects pectin to maintain a high methylesterification ***1 protects plant cell walls from enzymatic degrada-tion by inhibiting both soybean and *** pectin methylesterases during ***,constitutive expression of GmPMl1 disrupted the trade-off between host growth and defense *** therefore used AlphaFold structure tools to design a modified form of GmPMI1(GmPMI1R)that specifically targets and inhibits pectin methylesterases secreted from pathogens but notfrom *** expression of GmPMi1R enhanced plant resistance to oomycete and fungal *** summary,our work highlights the biochemical modification of the cell wall as an important focal point in the physiological and co-evolutionary conflict between hosts and microbes,providing an important proof of concept that Al-driven structure-based tools can accelerate the development of new strategies for plant protection.

关键词： apoplastic immunity AlphaFold-guided redesign broad-spectrum disease resistance pectin methyl-esteraseinhibitor cell wall

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“阶层天花板”与“阶层地板”:收入分配中的家庭“长影效应”

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社会学评论 2024年第3期12卷 5-29页

作者：王元超朱斌山东大学哲学与社会发展学院中国人民大学社会学院

代际流动研究往往以大类阶层框架为基础分析阶层间的流动模式与机制,本文使用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,探究了大类阶层内部家庭出身对个人劳动收入的影响,即家庭出身的“长影效应”。研究发现:第一,“长影效应”在精英阶层和工人阶... 详细信息

代际流动研究往往以大类阶层框架为基础分析阶层间的流动模式与机制,本文使用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,探究了大类阶层内部家庭出身对个人劳动收入的影响,即家庭出身的“长影效应”。研究发现:第一,“长影效应”在精英阶层和工人阶层内部同时存在,精英阶层出身者的收入显著高于其他阶层出身者,分别表现为“阶层天花板”效应和“阶层地板”效应;第二,“长影效应”主要通过人力资本和工作机会等机制实现,精英阶层出身者具有更高的人力资本,更有可能进入规模较大的组织与经济发达地区工作;第三,“长影效应”在不同的体制环境中存在差异,“阶层天花板”效应和“阶层地板”效应均在体制外劳动力市场中更加明显;第四,“阶层天花板”效应和“阶层地板”效应在我们研究的时期内呈现愈发明显的趋势。本文揭示了大类阶层内部的异质性,提供了一个评估社会不平等及其再生产的新视角。

关键词：代际流动收入分配阶层天花板阶层地板

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“交叉协同”团队式农科研究生培养模式改革与探索

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学位与研究生教育 2024年第1期 9-17页

作者：姚志友邹雪王源超南京农业大学研究生院南京农业大学公共管理学院南京210095 南京农业大学南京农业大学植物保护学院南京210095

加快农科研究生培养模式改革与探索,是全面推进乡村振兴、农业强国建设的重要战略选择。单兵式导学培养模式自我封闭的局限日益明显,团队式研究生培养模式的交叉协同优势逐渐凸显。立足需求共振、主体协同、资源融汇、团队聚合及要素交... 详细信息

加快农科研究生培养模式改革与探索,是全面推进乡村振兴、农业强国建设的重要战略选择。单兵式导学培养模式自我封闭的局限日益明显,团队式研究生培养模式的交叉协同优势逐渐凸显。立足需求共振、主体协同、资源融汇、团队聚合及要素交叉五个维度,南京农业大学植物保护学科构建了“交叉协同”团队式农科研究生培养模式,通过采用“交叉协同”团队式“2646”培养模式,取得了较好的成效,全面提升了农科人才自主培养质量。

关键词：交叉协同科研创新团队研究生教育农科研究生培养模式

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Bingwen Zou (Ping-wen Tsou): pioneer of agricultural higher education in China

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Protein & Cell 2021年第6期12卷 437-439页

作者： yuanchao wang College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agriculture UniversityNanjing 210095China

Bingwen Zou,a renowed agronomist and educator,is one of the founders of agricultural higher education in China(Fig.1)(Liu and Liu,1993).He is committed to set up modern agriculture education in China and supervised many studentswholaterbecamewell-knownexpertsinAgriciH-ture,including Shanbao Jin,Zefang Feng and Zhonglin *** Zou made great contributions to the development of modern agriculture science in China,and was honored as one of the“Three Outstanding Scholars in Southeast”by premier Enlai Zhou.

关键词： education agricultural agriculture

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他克莫司的分离提纯研究

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中国抗生素杂志 2024年第2期49卷 175-180页

作者：王圆超赵辉王月谷岩翡高月麒李晓露微生物药物国家工程研究中心石家庄市微生物药物技术创新中心华北制药集团新药研究开发有限责任公司石家庄052165 华北制药华胜有限公司石家庄052160

目的开发一种他克莫司的分离提纯工艺。方法采用离子交换树脂脱色除杂、纳滤、结晶等手段得到高质量的他克莫司粗粉,再经反相色谱硅胶层析、复合溶液结晶,得到符合USP标准的他克莫司精粉。结果优选的脱色树脂为D002,所得他克莫司粗... 详细信息

目的开发一种他克莫司的分离提纯工艺。方法采用离子交换树脂脱色除杂、纳滤、结晶等手段得到高质量的他克莫司粗粉,再经反相色谱硅胶层析、复合溶液结晶,得到符合USP标准的他克莫司精粉。结果优选的脱色树脂为D002,所得他克莫司粗粉效价大于800μg/mg,二氢他克莫司含量小于4%;该粗粉经UniSil C8Ultra Plus层析纯化,精粉含量大于99.5%,最大单杂小于0.1%。结论该工艺操作简单、能耗低、收率高,适于他克莫司的产业化应用。

关键词：他克莫司分离提纯离子交换树脂层析结晶

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上黑龙江盆地金属矿成矿系统

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地质论评 2024年第S1期70卷 63-64页

作者：王远超赵元艺程贤达巩鑫中国地质调查局军民融合地质调查中心成都610036 成都理工大学地球与行星科学学院成都610059 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所北京100083 中国地质调查局西安矿产资源调查中心西安710100 贵州省有色金属和核工业地质勘查局地质矿产勘查院贵阳550005

上黑龙江盆地位于额尔古纳地块东北部,上黑龙江Au-Cu-MoⅢ级成矿带上,成矿条件十分优越。上黑龙江Au-Cu-Mo成矿带经历了蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋俯冲增生、挤压碰撞的复合造山过程,多幕式构造—岩浆活动频繁,发育有与燕山期中酸性侵入活动有关... 详细信息

上黑龙江盆地位于额尔古纳地块东北部,上黑龙江Au-Cu-MoⅢ级成矿带上,成矿条件十分优越。上黑龙江Au-Cu-Mo成矿带经历了蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋俯冲增生、挤压碰撞的复合造山过程,多幕式构造—岩浆活动频繁,发育有与燕山期中酸性侵入活动有关的铜、金、钼矿床成矿系统.

关键词：铜、金矿床成矿系统上黑龙江盆地

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Plant Pathogens Utilize Effectors to Hijack the Host Endoplasmic Reticulum as Part of Their Infection Strategy

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Engineering 2020年第5期6卷 500-504页

作者： Maofeng Jing yuanchao wang Department of Plant Pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests Ministry of EducationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

*** As the central organelle in the eukaryotic secretory pathway,the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)mediates cellular processes that include calcium homeostasis and protein processing[1,2].The infection of plants by pathogens can induce ER stress and trigger the unfolded protein response(UPR).The UPR is a conserved protective signaling pathway that leads to programmed cell death(PCD)under extreme conditions[3–5],which can harm or benefit pathogens,depending on the timing and mode of cell death,and on whether the pathogen has physiologically adapted to benefit from the dying tissue[6].The biosynthesis and proper function of plant pattern recognition receptors(PRRs),which perceive pathogen-or microbe-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs or MAMPs)at the cell surface,also rely on N-glycosylation and the ER quality-control(ERQC)system[7–9].However,pathogens have evolved the capacity utilizing effectors to bind to the host ER stress pathway and manipulate it to their advantage during infection.

关键词： protective Plant utilizing

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Apoplastic Proteases: Powerful Weapons against Pathogen Infection in Plants

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Plant Communications 2020年第4期1卷 44-53页

作者： Yan wang yuanchao wang Yiming wang Department of Plant Pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Plants associate with diverse microbes that exert beneficial,neutral,or pathogenic effects inside the *** the initial stages of invasion,the plant apoplast constitutes a hospitable environment for invading microbes,providing both water and *** response to microbial infection,a number of secreted proteins from host cells accumulate in the apoplastic space,which is related to microbial association or colonization ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying plant modulation of the apoplast environment and how plant-secreted proteases are involved in pathogen resistance are still poorly ***,several studies have reported the roles of apoplastic proteases in plant resistance against bacteria,fungi,and *** the other hand,microbe-secreted proteins directly and/or indirectly inhibit host-derived apoplastic proteases to promote *** findings illustrate the importance of apoplastic proteases in plant–microbe ***,understanding the protease-mediated apoplastic battle between hosts and pathogens is of fundamental importance for understanding plant–pathogen ***,we provide an overviewof plant–microbe interactions in the apoplastic *** define the apoplast,summarize the physical and chemical properties of these structures,and discuss the roles of plant apoplastic proteases and pathogen protease inhibitors in host–microbe *** and future perspectives for research into protease-mediated apoplastic interactions are discussed,which may facilitate the engineering of resistant crops.

关键词： apoplast protease protease inhibitor plant immunity plant-microbe interaction

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