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ECONOMIC APPROACH FOR CONTROL AGRICULTURAL NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN CHINA

Chinese Geographical Science 2005年第4期15卷 297-302页

作者： wang xiao-yan CAO Li-ping Key Laboratory of Resources Environment ＆ GIS of Beijing Capital Normal University Beijing 100037 P. R. China College of Resources Environment ＆ Tourism Capital Normal University Beijing 100037 P. R. China

This paper mainly discusses the feasibility to establish economic policy systems for control and management of agricultural nonpoint source pollution in China. The current situation of serious agricultural nonpoint source pollution in China is described firstly. Based on the environmental policy and economics theories, the system of economic policies for control and management of agricultural nonpoint source pollution is designed in this paper. This system includes the policy objective, the designing principle and the methods. The key issues include pollution charge, inputs tax for restriction, subsides for induction and incentive, effluent trading for least cost reduction. The emphases are optimized on inputs tax and agricultural chemical tax permit under complete information, as well as sub-optimized inputs tax under incomplete information, subsides for farm due to positive and negative externality. The functions and suitability of the policies are also analyzed in the paper. According to the field experiment results and other relating economic data in watershed of the Chaohe River, Beijing, some economic approaches to reducing agricultural nonpoint source pollution are proposed. The main idea is to encourage and support the farmers to improve their farming way, and to implement the policy of castigating charge simultaneously. The feasibility of the policies are analyzed with consideration of economy, technology and institution. It is concluded that the economic policies are necessary and feasible.

关键词： agricultural nonpoint source pollution economic approach inputs tax for restriction subsides for induction and incentive Miyun Reservoir

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An unexpected reaction of cyanothioacetamide:Novel preparation of pyrazolo[3,4-b]-pyridine derivatives under MWI

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2008年第6期19卷 643-646页

作者： Xue Sen Fan Xia wang xiao yan Li School of Chemical and Environmental Sciences Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 China

An unexpected multi-component reaction of cyanothioacetarnide with aldehyde and aminopyrazole under MWI was reported. Through this reaction, a series of pyrazolo[3,4-b]-pyridine derivatives was prepared in high yields... 详细信息

关键词： Pyrazolo[3,4-b]-pyridine Microwave irradiation Thioacetamide

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银质针联合循经走罐法在神经根型颈椎病患者中医护理中的应用

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中国疗养医学 2025年第1期34卷 48-51页

作者：贺龙艳晁静陈文睿王晓艳三门峡武强中医院护理部河南三门峡472000 三门峡武强中医院疼痛科河南三门峡472000 三门峡市中医院护理部河南三门峡472000 三门峡市中医院脑外科河南三门峡472000

目的探讨银质针联合循经走罐法在神经根型颈椎病(CSR)患者中医护理中的应用效果。方法选取2022年3月至2024年2月三门峡武强中医院收治的108例CSR患者,采用随机数字表按1∶1∶1比例分为对照1组、对照2组、联合组,各36例。均实施常规基础... 详细信息

目的探讨银质针联合循经走罐法在神经根型颈椎病(CSR)患者中医护理中的应用效果。方法选取2022年3月至2024年2月三门峡武强中医院收治的108例CSR患者,采用随机数字表按1∶1∶1比例分为对照1组、对照2组、联合组,各36例。均实施常规基础护理,在此基础上对照1组给予银质针中医护理,对照2组给予循经走罐法中医护理,联合组给予银质针联合循经走罐法中医护理,护理观察4周。比较三组疼痛视觉模拟法(VAS)评分、颈椎活动度、病情变化程度[颈椎病临床评价量表(CASCS)、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)]、不良反应。结果干预2周、4周后,联合组VAS评分低于对照1组、对照2组(P0.05)。结论银质针联合循经走罐法干预能显著改善CSR患者的疼痛程度和颈椎活动度,促进病情恢复,安全性较高。

关键词：银质针循经走罐法中医护理神经根型颈椎病颈椎活动度

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NRGA1, a Putative Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier, Mediates ABA Regulation of Guard Cell Ion Channels and Drought Stress Responses in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2014年第10期7卷 1508-1521页

作者： Chun-Long Li Mei wang xiao-yan Ma Wei Zhang Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation Ministry of Education School of Life Science Shandong UniversityJinan 250100 China

Abscisic acid （ABA） regulates ion channel activity and stomatal movements in response to drought and other stresses. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana gene NRGA1 is a putative mitochondrial pyruvate carrier which negatively regulates ABA-induced guard cell signaling. NRGA1 transcript was abundant in the A. thaliana leaf and par- ticularly in the guard cells, and its product was directed to the mitochondria. The heterologous co-expression of NRGA1 and AtMPC1 in yeast complemented a loss-of-function mitochondrial pyruvate carrier （MPC） mutant. The nrgal loss-of- function mutant was very sensitive to the presence of ABA in the context of stomatal movements, and exhibited a height- ened tolerance to drought stress. Disruption of NRGA1 gene resulted in increased ABA inhibition of inward K＋ currents and ABA activation of slow anion currents in guard cells. The nrgal/NRGA1 functional complementation lines restored the mutant＇s phenotypes. Furthermore, transgenic lines of constitutively overexpressing NRGA1 showed opposite stomatal responses, reduced drought tolerance, and ABA sensitivity of guard cell inward K＋ channel inhibition and anion channel activation. Our findings highlight a putative role for the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier in guard cell ABA signaling in response to drought.

关键词： NRGAI mitochondrial pyruvate carrier ABA guard cell stomata inward K+ channel slow anion channel drought stress.

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Calculating the Number of Pregnant Women Receiving Standardized Services for PMTCT of HIV in Liangshan Prefecture,Based on the Equivalent Method

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第10期33卷 745-749页

作者： QU Shui Ling wang Ai Ling PAN xiao Ping wang xiao yan LUO Hui Ming ZHANG Tong Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206China National Center for Women and Children's Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100081China Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020China

Objective To calculate the number of pregnant women who receive standardized prevention of mother-to-child transmission(PMTCT)services for HIV *** HIV-positive pregnant women in six counties of Liangshan Prefecture in 2017 were selected as study *** entire process,from when the subjects first received the PMTCT of HIV services to the end,was divided into four stages,which were further divided into 25 *** equivalent coefficient was used to indicate the weight of workload in each *** experts were invited to score the equivalent coefficient;the number of pregnant women who received standardized services to prevent the transmission of HIV was *** A total of 663 HIV-positive pregnant women were registered in six Liangshan Prefecture counties in *** figure was converted into 7,780 person-months devoted to HIV-positive pregnant women,with 260 person-months(3.34%)spent on the first antenatal care,1,510 person-months(19.41%)during pregnancy,378 person-months(4.86%)on delivery,and 5,632 person-months(72.39%)on post-partum *** equivalent coefficient calculation showed that 314 HIV-positive pregnant women received standardized PMTCT *** The number of pregnant women receiving standardized services for the PMTCT of HIV can be calculated accurately using the equivalent method to identify the gap between the level of PMTCT of HIV intervention services needed and the actual workload.

关键词： Equivalent method Standardized services PMTCT Pregnant women HIV

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Dynamical approach to the statistical average of atom-diatom collision

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原子与分子物理学报 2006年第B4期23卷 105-110页

作者： wang xiao-yan DING Shi-liang School of Radiology Taishan Medical University Tai＇an 271000P. R. China School of Physics and Microelectronics Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China

The dynamical Lie algebraic method is used for the description of statistical mechanics of the atom-diatom collision. A main advantage of this method is that it can not only give the expression for evolution operator in terms of the group parameter, but also provide the expression for the density operator for a given system. The group parameters can be determined by solving a set of coupled nonlinear differential equations. Thus, the expression of the statistical average values is derived in terms of the density operator formalism in statistical mechanics. And we can use the time evolution operator to calculate the transition probability. The method is applied to the collision of H2 with He. Comparing the results with the experimental results, we can see that the dynamical Lie algebraic method is useful for describing the molecule collision.

关键词：交互作用统计学原子碰撞动力学

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Screening of a Composite Microbial System and Its Characteristics of Wheat Straw Degradation

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第10期10卷 1586-1594页

作者： LI Pei-pei wang xiao-juan YUAN Xu-feng wang xiao-fen CAO yan-zuan CUI Zong-jun College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P.R.China

To accelerate the decomposition of wheat straw directly returned to soil, we constructed a microbial system （ADS-3） from agricultural soil containing rotting straw residues using a 40-wk limited cultivation. To assess its potential use for accelerating straw decomposing, the decomposing characteristics and the microbial composition of ADS-3 were analyzed. The results indicated that it could degrade wheat straw and filter paper by 63.8 and 80%, respectively, during 15 d of incubation. Straw hemicellulose degraded dramatically 51.2% during the first 3 d, decreasing up to 73.7% by the end of incubation. Cellulose showed sustained degradation reaching 53.3% in 15 d. Peak values of xylanase and cellulase activities appeared at 3 and 11 d, with 1.32 and 0.15 U mL-1, respectively. Estimated pH averaged 6.4-7.6 during the degradation process, which approximated acidity and alkalinity of normal soils. The microbial composition of ADS-3 was stable based on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） analysis. By using bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal 26S rRNA gene clone library analysis, 20 bacterial clones and 7 fungal clones were detected. Closest identified relatives of bacteria represented by Bacillus fusiformis, Cytophaga sp., uncultured Clostridiales bacterium, Ruminobacillus xylanolyticum, Clostridium hydroxybenzoicum, and uncultured proteobacterium and the fungi were mainly identified as related to Pichia sp. and uncultured fungus.

关键词： wheat straw degradation composite microbial system cellulose hemicelulose cellulase xylanase microbial composition

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Gauge Transformation and Constraint Induced Operator Ordering for Charged Rigid Planar Rotator in Uniform Magnetic Field

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2006年第5X期46卷 843-844页

作者： LAI Mei-Mei wang Xin xiao yan-Ping LIU Quan-Hui School for Theoretical Physics and Department of Applied Physics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

When the motion of a particle is constrained, excess terms exist using hermitian form of Cartesian momentum pi （i=1, 2,3） in usual kinetic energy （1/2/μ）∑ pi^2 , and the correct kinetic energy turns out to be （1/2μ） ∑1/ fipi f ipi, where fi are dummy factors in classical mechanics and nontrivial in quantum mechanics. In this paper the explicit form of the dummy functions fi is given for a charged rigid planar rotator in the uniform magnetic field with different gauge chosen. Under different gauges, we have different sets of dummy factors. It means that these factors do not have direct observable effect.

关键词： operator ordering gauge transformation quantum mechanics

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THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION FOR EFFECTS OF BED DISCORDANCE ON FLOW DYNAMICS AT Y-SHAPED OPEN CHANNEL CONFLUENCES

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2007年第5期19卷 587-593页

作者： wang xiao-gang yan Zhong-min GUO Wei-dong College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China College of Water Conservancy Shenyang Agricultural University Shenyang 110161 China

Channel confluences are universally present in nature. They can be divided into two types： asymmetrical river confluences and symmetric river confluences. The latter is also called as the Y-shaped confluences. Most of previous work has paid more attention to the asymmetrical river confluences, but few studies have been conducted on the Y-shaped confluences. In this article, the effects of bed discordance on the flow patterns at ＂Y＂ shaped open-channel confluences were studied by using a 3-D numerical simulation. It is proved that the model can undertake quantitative assessment of the flow at confluences. The results indicate that there are a lot of differences between the Y-shaped confluence and asymmetrical confluence. The discordant bed height plays an important role at the Y-shaped junction.

关键词： Y-shaped junction discordant bed height,separation zone numerical simulation turbulent intensity,secondary flow lateral mixing

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Study on Microwave Dielectric Property of Carbon Black and Short Carbon Fibers

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2006年第B12期19卷 130-133页

作者： WUHong-huan ZHU Dong-mei LUO Fa ZHOU Wan-cheng wang xiao-yan State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi＇an 710072 China

Carbon black and carbon fibers of different lengths were introduced in different matrices at different ratios to explore their microwave dielectric properties under 8.2 GHz-12.4 GHz. It is found that the actual dielectric constants of the samples containing carbon black are in a two-order function of the contents of carbon black （ε＇, ε＂=Av2＋Bv＋C） and the complex dielectric constants show an obvious frequency response. Of the added fibers of different lengths, the 4 mm-long one could well disperse in the matrices having not only good frequency response, but also larger real parts, imaginary parts and loss values. The imaginary parts and the loss values （tanδ）of the samples with 4 mm-long carbon fibers added increase linearly with the contents of fiber increasing. So it is practicable to adjust the dielectric parameters of the material in a wide range by changing the added amount of carbon black, and the carbon fiber or altering the lengths of the carbon fiber added.

关键词： microwave dielectric property short carbon fibers carbon black

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