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Soil and microbial C:N:P stoichiometries play vital roles in regulating P transformation in agricultural ecosystems:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 44-51页

作者： Guanglei CHEN Jiahui YUAN Shenqiang wang Yuting LIANG Dengjun wang Yiyong ZHU Yu wang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research StationInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Life Sciences Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221000China School of Fisheries Aquacultureand Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849USA Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization College of Resources and Environmental ScienceNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Stoichiometry plays a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles and can modulate soil nutrient availability and functions. In agricultural ecosystems,phosphorus(P) fertilizers(organic or chemical) are often applied to achieve high crop yields. However, P is readily fixed by soil particles, leading to low P use efficiency. Therefore, understanding the role of carbon:nitrogen:P stoichiometries of soil and microorganisms in soil P transformation is of great significance for P management in agriculture. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent research on stoichiometry effect on soil P transformation in agricultural ecosystems. Soil microorganisms play an important role in the transformation of soil non-labile inorganic P to microbial biomass P by regulating microbial biomass stoichiometry. They also mobilize soil unavailable organic P into available P by changing ecoenzyme stoichiometry. Organic materials, such as manure and straw, play an important role in promoting the transformation of insoluble P into available P as well. Additionally, periphytic biofilms can reduce P loss from rice field ecosystems. Agricultural stoichiometries are different from those of natural ecosystems and thereby should receive more attention due to the influences of anthropogenic factors. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further stoichiometry research on the soil biochemical mechanisms underlying P transformation in agricultural ecosystems. In conclusion, understanding stoichiometry impact on soil P transformation is crucial for P management in agricultural ecosystems.

关键词： ecoenzyme microbial biomass microbial community microorganism P availability periphytic biofilm soil P transformation

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Synthesis of Resveratrol Analogs/Stilbene Derivatives and Their Nitric Oxide Inhibitory and Radical Scavenging Activities

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2014年第6期30卷 941-946页

作者： wang Jue ZHANG Cunlong wang Tiejie LI Xiaofan Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering College of Life Sciences Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 P. R. China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China"

Sixteen resveratrol analogs（stilbene derivatives） including resveratrol were synthesized, in which hy- droxystilbenes, naturally occurring polyphenols, showed protective effects against reactive oxygen and nitrogen spe- cies（ROS/RNS） and hexahydroxystilbene（16） displayed the strongest activities against NO and l,l-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl（DPPH） with IC5o values of 7.8 and 5.7 μmol/L, respectively.

关键词： Resveratrol Stilbene Nitric oxide Radical

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Effect of forest thinning on soil net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in a Cryptomeria japonica plantation in Taiwan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第3期25卷 571-578页

作者： Shunyao Zhuang Jin wang Xiao Sun Mingkuang wang Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences

We investigated the effect of forest thinning on soil nitrogen mineralization, nitrification and transformation in a Cryptomeria japoni-ca plantation at high elevation to provide basic data for forest manage-ment. We chose four study plots for control, light, medium and heavy thinning treatment, and three sub-plots for buried bag studies at similar elevations in each treatment plot to measure the net N mineralization and nitrification rates in situ. The contents of soil inorganic N （ammonium and nitrate） were similar between treatments, but all varied with season, reaching maxima in September 2003 and 2004. The seasonal maximum net Nmin rates after four treatments were 0.182, 0.246, 0.303 and 0.560 mg？kg-1？d-1 in 2003, and 0.242,0.258,0.411 and 0.671 mg？kg-1？d-1in 2004, respectively. These estimates are approximate with the lower annual rates of N mineralization for this region. Forest thinning can enhance net N mineralization and microbial biomass carbon. The percentage of annual rates of Nmin for different levels of forest thinning compared with the control plot were 13.4%, 59.8%and 154.2%in 2003, and 0.1%, 58.8%and 157.7%in 2004 for light, medium, and heavy thinning, respectively. These differences were related to soil moisture, temperature, precipita-tion, and soil and vegetation types. Well-planned multi-site comparisons, both located within Taiwan and the East-Asia region, could greatly im-prove our knowledge of regional patterns in nitrogen cycling.

关键词： Cryptomeria japonica plantation forest thinning nitrification seasonal variation soil nitrogen mineralization

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Vanishing viscosity of isentropic Navier-Stokes equations for interacting shocks

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Science China Mathematics 2015年第4期58卷 653-672页

作者： HUANG FeiMin wang Yi wang Yong YANG Tong Institute of Applied Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Mathematics City University of Hong Kong

We study the vanishing viscosity of the Navier-Stokes equations for interacting shocks. Given an entropy solution to p-system which consists of two different families of shocks interacting at some positive time,we show that such entropy solution is the vanishing viscosity limit of a family of global smooth solutions to the isentropic Navier-Stokes equations. The key point of the proofs is to derive the estimates separately before and after the interaction time and connect the incoming and outgoing viscous shock profiles.

关键词： isentropic Navier-Stokes equations isentropic Euler equations interacting shock vanishing viscosity entropy solution

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A Novel Quantum Stegonagraphy Based on Brown States

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2018年第7期56卷 47-59页

作者： Zhiguo Qu Tiancheng Zhu Jinwei wang Xiaojun wang Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044P.R.China School of Computers&Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044P.R.China School of Electronic Engineering Dublin City UniversityDublinIreland

In this paper,a novel quantum steganography protocol based on Brown entangled states is *** new protocol adopts the CNOT operation to achieve the transmission of secret information by the best use of the characteristics of entangled *** with the previous quantum steganography algorithms,the new protocol focuses on its anti-noise capability for the phase-flip noise,which proved its good security resisting on quantum ***,the covert communication of secret information in the quantum secure direct communication channel would not affect the normal information transmission process due to the new protocol’s good *** the number of Brown states transmitted in carrier protocol is many enough,the imperceptibility of the secret channel can be further *** aspect of capacity,the new protocol can further expand its capacity by combining with other quantum steganography *** to that the proposed protocol does not require the participation of the classic channel when it implements the transmission of secret information,any additional information leakage will not be caused for the new algorithm with good *** detailed theoretical analysis proves that the new protocol can own good performance on imperceptibility,capacity and security.

关键词： Quantum steganography quantum secure direct communication entanglement anti-noise robustness

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Workability and Durability of Concrete Incorporating Waste Tire Rubber:A Review

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第2期11卷 745-776页

作者： Peng Zhang Xixi wang Juan wang Tianhang Zhang School of Water Conservancy Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

Environmental problems caused by waste tires are becoming increasingly *** is an urgent need to find a green way to dispose of waste tires,and scholars have made considerable efforts in this *** the construction industry,rubber extracted from waste tires can be added to concrete to alleviate environmental problems to a certain *** a new building material,rubber concrete has superior properties compared to ordinary concrete and has been widely used in many *** studies have been conducted worldwide to investigate the effect of waste tire rubber on the performance of *** has been reported that the addition of waste tire rubber has a significant influence on the performance of *** influences the hardened performance of rubber concrete,especially the *** on the current research results,the workability and durability of concrete manufactured with waste tire rubber,including water absorption and permeability,carbonation resistance,chloride ion permeability resistance,and freeze-thaw resistance,are summarized in this *** is concluded that the addition of waste tires has a negative effect on the workability of *** terms of durability,concrete exhibits better chloride ion penetration resistance and frost resistance,with a higher water absorption rate,and lower anti-permeability and carbonation resistance owing to the addition of waste tire rubber.

关键词： Rubber concrete waste tire rubber workability durability

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Underwater Terrain Image Stitching Based on Spatial Gradient Feature Block

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 4157-4171页

作者： Zhenzhou wang Jiashuo Li Xiang wang Xuanhao Niu School of Information Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050018China Case Western Reserve University Cleveland44106USA

At present,underwater terrain images are all strip-shaped small fragment images preprocessed by the side-scan sonar imaging ***,the processed underwater terrain images have inconspicuous and few feature *** order to better realize the stitching of underwater terrain images and solve the problems of slow traditional image stitching speed,we proposed an improved algorithm for underwater terrain image stitching based on spatial gradient feature ***,the spatial gradient fuzzy C-Means algorithm is used to divide the underwater terrain image into feature blocks with the fusion of spatial gradient *** accelerated-KAZE(AKAZE)algorithm is used to combine the feature block information to match the reference image and the target ***,the random sample consensus(RANSAC)is applied to optimize the matching ***,image fusion is performed with the global homography and the optimal seam-line method to improve the accuracy of image overlay *** experimental results show that the proposed method in this paper effectively divides images into feature blocks by combining spatial information and gradient information,which not only solves the problem of stitching failure of underwater terrain images due to unobvious features,and further reduces the sensitivity to noise,but also effectively reduces the iterative calculation in the feature point matching process of the traditional method,and improves the stitching *** and shape warping are significantly eliminated by re-optimizing the overlap of the image.

关键词： Underwater terrain images image stitching feature block fuzzy C-means spatial gradient information A-KAZE

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Effect of temperature on corrosion behavior of alloy 690 in high temperature hydrogenated water

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2018年第8期34卷 1419-1427页

作者： Jiazhen wang Jianqiu wang Hongliang Ming Zhiming Zhang En-Hou Han Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Reactor Engineering Research Sub-lnstitute Nuclear Power Institute of ChinaChengdu 610213China

The influence of temperature on the corrosion behavior of Alloy 690 is evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectra （EIS）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X- ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The corrosion rate of Alloy 690 reaches a local maximum at 250℃. The kinetic control step of the growth of oxide film changes from the diffusion process of aqueous-phase ions to the growth of Cr-rich barrier layer in the temperature range of 200-300 ℃. A modified double-layer model is proposed to describe the effect of temperature on the structure and composition of the oxide film.

关键词： Alloy Polarization EIS SEMTEM High temperature corrosion

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Application of the Modified nverse Design Method in the Optimization of the Runner Blade of a Mixed-Flow Pump

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2018年第6期31卷 137-153页

作者： Ye-Ming Lu Xiao-Fang wang Wei wang Fang-Ming Zhou School of Energy and Power Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116000China Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116000China Collaborative Innovation Center of Major Machine Manufacturing in Liaoning Province Dalian 116000China

To improve the design speed and reduce the design cost for the previous blade design method, a modified inverse design method is presented. In the new method, after a series of physical and mathematical simplifications, a sail?like constrained area is proposed, which can be used to configure di erent runner blade shapes. Then, the new method is applied to redesign and optimize the runner blade of the scale core component of the 1400?MW canned nuclear coolant pump in an established multi?optimization system compromising the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) analysis, the Response Surface Methodology(RSM) and the Non?dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm?II(NSGA?II). After the execution of the optimization procedure, three optimal samples were ultimately obtained. Then, through comparative analysis using the target runner blade, it was found that the maximum e ciency improvement reached 1.6%, while the head improvement was about 10%. Overall, a promising runner blade inverse design method which will benefit the hydraulic design of the mixed?flow pump has been proposed.

关键词： Optimization Mixed?flow pump Inverse design method Runner blade Nuclear coolant

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Centrifuge modeling of tunneling-induced ground surface settlement in sand

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Underground Space 2019年第4期4卷 302-309页

作者： Hu Lu Jiangwei Shi Yu wang Rong wang Shenzhen Polytechnic No.7098 Liu Xian AvenueNanshan DistrictShenzhenChina Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering of the Ministry of Education Geotechnical Research InstituteHohai University1 Xikang RoadNanjing 210098China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina China Harbour Engineering Company Ltd. No.9Chunxiu RoadDongzhi GateDongcheng DistrictBeijingChina

Stress changes in the soil induced by tunnel excavation may cause excessive ground ***,high-quality experimental data on ground settlement due to tunnel excavation are *** this study,centrifuge tests are conducted to investigate the threedimensional ground surface settlement,considering different intersection angles and cover-to-tunnel diameter *** results indicate that the major influence zone along the longitudinal direction on the ground surface settlement is±1.25D,where D is the tunnel *** the monitoring section is perpendicular to the tunneling direction,the transverse ground settlement due to the tunnel excavation is symmetrical with respect to the tunnel *** contrast,an asymmetric ground settlement profile is observed when the monitoring section intersects the tunneling direction at an angle of 60.Applying a Gaussian curve to fit the ground surface settlement curve,the width parameter,K(i.e.,the distance between the tunnel centerline and the inflection point of the settlement trough to the tunnel burial depth),varies from 0.33 to *** ground surface settlement induced by twin tunnel excavation can be captured reasonably by superimposing two identical Gaussian *** the cover to tunnel diameter ratios(C/D)are 1.5 and 2.7,the maximum ground surface settlements are 0.67%of D and 0.35%of D,*** is clear that the maximum ground surface settlement decreases with an increase in the C/D ratio.

关键词： Ground settlement Centrifuge modeling Intersection angle Cover-to-tunnel diameter Three-dimensional

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