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BABAR measurement of baryon time-like form factors via initial state radiation

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第6期34卷 860-862页

作者： R.baldini Ferroli Enrico Fermi Center INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati

BABAR has measured with unprecedented accuracy the e^＋e^- → pp and e^＋e^- →∧∧ cross sections by means of the initial state radiation technique, which has the advantages of good efficiency, good energy resolution and full angular acceptance, even exactly at threshold. A peculiar feature of these cross sections is their non-vanishing values at threshold. In the case of charged baryons, this phenomenon is expected according to the Coulomb interaction between the outgoing baryon and antibaryon. Once this Coulomb enhancement factor is taken into account, the striking result is achieved that the proton form factor at threshold is ｜GP（4Mp^2）｜ = 1, that is what is expected for pointlike fermion pairs, in spite of the proton structure. However a Coulomb enhancement factor is not expected for neutral fermions, likely in contradiction with the BABAR data. Qualitatively this behaviour is consistent with Coulomb interactions at the valence quark level.

关键词： baryon form factor Initial state radiation BABAR

Probing the internal structure of baryons

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National Science Review 2021年第11期8卷 54-61页

作者： Guangshun Huang Rinaldo baldini Ferroli BESⅢ Collaboration Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Electromagnetic form factors are fundamental observables that describe the electric and magnetic structure of hadrons and provide keys to understand the strong interaction. At the Beijing Spectrometer(BESⅢ),form factors have been measured for different baryons in the time-like region for the first time or with the best precision. The results are presented with examples focused on but not limited to the proton/neutron,the, with a strange quark, and the c, with a charm quark.

关键词： baryon structure form factor threshold effect abnormal production

Fabrication and characteristics of double-clad fiber Bragg gratings

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2009年第1期2卷 68-75页

作者： Lijun LI wande.FAN Shenggui FU Yange LIU Shuzhong YUAN Xiaoyi DONG College of Information and Electrical Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Institute of Modern Optics Nankai University

A double-clad fiber Bragg grating(DCFBG) is a kind of grating which is directly written into the core of a double-clad fiber(DCF). Because of its special structure,DCFBGs have potential applications in fiber communication and sensing. In this paper, some of the recent studies on DCFBG are reviewed, and the photosensitivity and thermal decay of DCFBG fabricated in different DCFs are investigated. The DCFBGs of diversiform reflectivity are fabricated, and the maximum reflectivity of the grating is 99.9%. Finally, the special characteristics of DCFBG, such as nonlinear and stress, are illustrated.

关键词： 17\cd\5a\9c\hcm0000078551.html

Use of programmed cell death protein ligand 1 assay to predict the outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017年第4期8卷 320-328页

作者： Carmelo Tibaldi Alice Lunghi Editta baldini Division of Oncology Department of OncologyS. Luca Hospital

The recent discovery of immune checkpoints inhibitors, especially anti-programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)and anti-programmed cell death protein ligand 1(PD-L1) monoclonal antibodies, has opened new scenarios in the management of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and this new class of drugs has achieved a rapid development in the treatment of this disease. However, considering the costs of these drugs and the fact that only a subset of patients experience long-term disease control, the identification of predictive biomarkers for the selection of candidates suitable for treatment has become a priority. The research focused mainly on the expression of the PD-L1 receptor on both tumor cells and/or immune infiltrates determined by immunohistochemistry(IHC). However, different checkpoint inhibitors were tested, different IHC assays were used, different targets were considered(tumor cells, immune infiltrates or both) and different expression thresholds were employed in clinical trials. In some trials the assay was used prospectively to select the patients, while in other trials it was evaluated retrospectively. Some confusion emerges, which makes it difficult to easily compare the literature data and to translate them in practice management. This mini-review shows the possibilities and pitfalls of the PD-L1 expression to predict the activity and efficacy of anti PD1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of NSCLC.

关键词： Predictive biomarkers Immunotherapy Checkpoint inhibitors Programmed cell death protein ligand 1 Non-small cell lung cancer

Probiotics for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第3期20卷 673-683页

作者： Lucia Pacifico John Frederick Osborn Enea Bonci Sara Romaggioli Rossella baldini Claudio Chiesa Department of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry Sapienza University of Rome Department of Health Sciences and Infectious Diseases Sapienza University of Rome Department of Experimental Medicine Sapienza University of Rome Department of Human Anatomy Sapienza University of Rome Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research Council

The combination of a proton pump inhibitor and two antibiotics(clarithromycin plus amoxicillin or metronidazole)has been the recommended first-line therapy since the first guidelines for Helicobacter pylori(***)infection in children were *** recent years,the success of eradication therapies has declined,in part due to the development of *** resistant *** *** treatments are currently becoming more popular than the traditional eradication *** that may be used either as a monotherapy or,in combination with antimicrobials,resulting in a more effective *** therapy have been investigated in depth by several *** of the potential therapies is probiotic cultures;promising results have been observed in initial studies with numerous probiotic ***,many questions remain *** this article,we comprehensively review the possible mechanisms of action of probiotics on *** infection,and present the results of published studies using probiotics as possible agents to control *** infection in *** effect of the addition of probiotics to the standard *** eradication therapy for the prevention of antibiotic associated side-effects is also discussed.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Children Probiotics Eradication treatment Prevention

Bevacizumab in the pre-operative treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6081-6091页

作者： Lorenzo Fornaro Chiara Caparello Caterina Vivaldi Virginia Rotella Gianna Musettini Alfredo Falcone Editta baldini Gianluca Masi Division of Medical Oncology Azienda USL2 Lucca 55100 Lucca Italy Division of Medical Oncology 2 Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana 56126 Pisa Italy

Despite advances in the management of patients with locally advanced, non-metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma (LARC), prognosis remains largely unsatisfactory due to a high rate of distant relapse. In fact, currently available neoadjuvant protocols, represented by fluoropyrimidine-based chemo-radiotherapy (CT-RT) or short-course RT, together with improved surgical techniques, have largely reduced the risk of local relapse, with limited impact on distant recurrence. Available results of phase III trials with additional cytotoxic agents combined with standard CT-RT are disappointing, as no significant reduction in the risk of recurrence has been demonstrated. In order to improve the control of micrometastatic disease, integrating targeted agents into neoadjuvant treatment protocols thus offers a rational approach. In particular, the antiangiogenic agent bevacizumab has demonstrated synergistic activity with both CT and RT in pre-clinical and clinical models, and thus may represent a suitable companion in the neoadjuvant treatment of LARC. Preliminary results of phase I-II clinical studies are promising and suggest potential clinical parameters and molecular predictive biomarkers useful for patient selection: treatment personalization is indeed the key in order to maximize the benefit while reducing the risk of more complex neoadjuvant treatment schedules.

关键词： Bevacizumab Chemotherapy Locally advanced rectal cancer Neoadjuvant treatment Radiotherapy

Silybin counteracts lipid excess and oxidative stress in cultured steatotic hepatic cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第26期22卷 6016-6026页

作者： Giulia Vecchione Elena Grasselli Adriana Voci Francesca baldini Ignazio Grattagliano David QH Wang Piero Portincasa Laura Vergani DISTAV Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences University of Genova Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saint Louis University School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate in vitro the therapeutic effect and mechanisms of silybin in a cellular model of hepatic ***: Rat hepatoma FaO cells were loaded with lipids by exposure to 0.75 mmol/L oleate/palmitate for 3 h to mimic liver steatosis. Then, the steatotic cells were incubated for 24 h with different concentrations (25 to 100 μmol/L) of silybin as phytosome complex with vitamin E. The effects of silybin on lipid accumulation and metabolism, and on indices of oxidative stress were evaluated by absorption and fluorescence microscopy, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, spectrophotometric and fluorimetric ***: Lipid-loading resulted in intracellular triglyceride (TG) accumulation inside lipid droplets, whose number and size increased. TG accumulation was mediated by increased levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). The lipid imbalance was associated with higher production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in increased lipid peroxidation, stimulation of catalase activity and activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Incubation of steatotic cells with silybin 50 μmol/L significantly reduced TG accumulation likely by promoting lipid catabolism and by inhibiting lipogenic pathways, as suggested by the changes in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1), PPAR and SREBP-1c levels. The reduction in fat accumulation exerted by silybin in the steatotic cells was associated with the improvement of the oxidative imbalance caused by lipid excess as demonstrated by the reduction in ROS content, lipid peroxidation, catalase activity and NF-κB ***: We demonstrated the direct anti-steatotic and anti-oxidant effects of silybin in steatotic cells, thus elucidating at a cellular level the encouraging results demonstrated in clinical and animal studies.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Steatotic hepatocytes Silybin Lipid metabolism Oxidative stress Lipid droplets Mitochondrial β -oxidation

Neurological disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8764-8782页

作者： Giovanni Casella Gian Eugenio Tontini Gabrio Bassotti Luca Pastorelli Vincenzo Villanacci Luisa Spina Vittorio baldini Maurizio Vecchi Medical Department Desio Hospital Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit IRCCS Policlinico San Donato 20097 San Donato Milanese Italy Gastroenterology Section Department of Medicine University of Perugia Medical School Department of Biomedical Sciences for the Health University of Milan Institute of Pathology Spedali Civili 25123 Brescia Italy

Extraintestinal manifestations occur in about one-third of patients living with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and may precede the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms by many years. Neurologic disorders associated with IBD are not frequent, being reported in 3% of patients, but they often represent an important cause of morbidity and a relevant diagnostic issue. In addition, the increasing use of immunosuppressant and biological therapies for IBD may also play a pivotal role in the development of neurological disorders of different type and pathogenesis. Hence, we provide a complete and profound review of the main features of neurological complications associated with IBD, with particular reference to those related to drugs and with a specific focus on their clinical presentation and possible pathophysiological mechanisms.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Extraintestinal manifestations Neurological disorders Multiple sclerosis Progressive multifocal encephalopathy Demyelinating neuropathies Cerebrovascular diseases Side effects

Gastric metastasis by lung small cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第25期12卷 4096-4097页

作者： Giovanni Casella Camillo Di Bella Antonino Roberto Cambareri Carmelo Antonio Buda Gianluigi Corti Filippo Magri Stefano Crippa Vittorio baldini Department of Medicine Desio Hospital DesioMilanItaly Pathology Department Desio Hospital DesioMilanItaly Surgery Department Desio Hospital DesioMilanItaly Oncology Department Università di Messina MessinaItaly

Metastatic tumors of the gastrointestinal tract are rare. We describe a case of gastric metastasis due to primary lung cancer, revealed by an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy （UGIE）. Haematogenous metastases to the stomach are a rare event. To our knowledge, only 55 cases have been described in the international literature. In these patients, the prognosis is very poor. We report herein a case of gastric metastasis by lung small cell carcinoma, with a review of the literature about this rare entity.

关键词： Gastric metastasis Lung cancer