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Spatial-temporal shifting patterns and in situ conservation of spotted seal(Phoca largha)populations in the Yellow Sea ecoregion

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 307-318页

作者： Hongfei ZHUANG Fei SHAO Chao ZHANG wancai xia Shouqiang WANG Fangyuan QU Zongling WANG Zhichuang LU Linlin ZHAO Zhaohui ZHANG First Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdaoChina Department of Natural Resources of Shandong Province Shandong Forestry Protection and Development Service CenterJinanChina National Park(Protected Areas)Development Center National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijingChina College of Life Science China West Normal UniversityNanchongChina Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute DalianChina

Understanding the habitat shifting pattern is a prerequisite for implementing in situ conservation of migratory species.Spotted seals(Phoca largha)inhabiting the Yellow Sea ecoregion(YSE)comprise a small population with independent genes and represent a charismatic flagship species in this region.However,this population has declined by 80%since the 1940s,and increased support from the countries around the YSE is urgently needed to address the potential local extinction risk.A time-series niche model and life-history weighted systematic conservation planning were designed on the basis of a satellite beacon tracking survey(2010–2020)of the YSE population.The results showed clustering and spreading shifting patterns during the breeding and migratory seasons,respectively.The closed-loop migration route formed in the YSE indicated that this population might be geographically isolated from populations in other breeding areas around the world.The conservation priority area(CPA),with an area of 19632 km^(2)(3.58%of the total YSE area),was the most effective response to the potential in situ risk.However,nearly 80%of the CPA was exposed outside the existing marine protected areas(MPAs).Future establishment of MPAs in China should strategically consider the conservation gap identified herein,and it is recommended for Korea’s closed fishing season to be spatially set in the western Korean Peninsula from May to August.This study also exemplified that the lack of temporal information would lead to the dislocation of niche modeling for migratory species represented by spotted seals.Attention should be paid to protecting small and migratory populations in marine biodiversity conservation planning.

关键词： conservation priority area marine protected area migration seasonal management spotted seal

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Dispersal patterns in Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 265-273页

作者： wancai xia Fan WANG Dali WANG xiaoqin ZENG Chan YANG Ali KRZTON Baoping REN Dayong LI Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education) China West Normal UniversityNanchong CitySichuan 637009China Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal UniversityNanchong CitySichuan 637009China Auburn University Libraries Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands(Ministry of Education) Hainan Normal UniversityHaikouHainan 571158China Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province Hainan Normal UniversityHaikouHainan 571158China

Sex-biased dispersal is common in group-living animals.Due to differences in local demographic and environmental factors,sex-biased dispersal presents many irregular patterns.In this study,a habituated,individually identified Yunnan snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus bieti group was observed over 9 years;192 dispersal events,including 97 male dispersal events(25 natal dispersal and 72 secondary dispersal)and 95 female dispersal events(34 natal dispersal and 61 secondary dispersal)were observed.Males and females showed different dispersal paths,dispersal ages,and dispersal patterns.Females had 2 dispersal paths,whereas males had 4 paths.In terms of age of dispersal,the male age of natal dispersal was younger than for females.Males prefer single dispersal,whereas females prefer parallel dispersal.Our study indicates that the dispersal pattern of R.bieti should be classified as a bisexual dispersal pattern.The differences in dispersal path,average age at dispersal,and dispersal path pattern indicate that Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys may still retain a loose matrilineal social system.

关键词： bisexual dispersal dispersal parallel dispersal Rhinopithecus bieti

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Invasion and defense of the basic social unit in a nonhuman primate society leads to sexual differences in the gut microbiome

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第1期17卷 168-180页

作者： wancai xia Mei ZHAO Dali WANG Fan WANG Hua CHEN Guoqi LIU Lifeng ZHU Dayong LI Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education) China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuanChina Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuanChina College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina Mingkef Biotechnology HangzhouChina

Multilevel society is one of the most complex social systems in natural ecosystems and is a typical feature among some primates.Given the potential connection between social behavior and gut microbiome composition,the multilevel social system could affect the primate gut microbiome.Here,based on long-term observation(e.***.social unit dynamics,transfer,and behavior),we investigated this potential integrating 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and behavior data in Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus bieti),which possess a multilevel social group based on one male units(OMUs,each unit with several breeding females and their offspring)and all-male unit(AMU,several bachelor males residing together).We found that the mean unweighted Unifrac distance between adult males from different OMUs was significantly lower than that between adult females from different OMUs(paired Wilcoxon test,P=0.007).There was no significant difference in the mean unweighted Unifrac distance between females within the same OMU or between females from different OMUs.These findings indicated the potential connection between the defense and invasion of social units and the gut microbiome community in wild Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys.We speculated that the resident males of OMUs displaying a significantly higher similarity in the gut microbial community than that of adult females in separate OMUs might be associated with the sexual differences in their interactions and from previously having cohabitated together in the AMU.Therefore,this study suggested that multilevel societies might have an effect on the gut microbial community in this wild nonhuman primate species.

关键词： defense and invasion gut microbial transfer multilevel society sexual differences Yunnan snubnosed monkeys

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雅鲁藏布江加查峡谷喜马拉雅鬣羚活动节律研究

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贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第3期42卷 76-83页

作者：王志祥王雪宇黄凯朱宇航夏万才费汉榄黎大勇西华师范大学生命科学学院四川南充637009 西华师范大学珍稀动植物研究所四川南充637009

雅鲁藏布江加查峡谷内栖息着种类丰富的野生动物,国家一级重点保护野生动物——喜马拉雅鬣羚(Capricornis thar)也生活在峡谷内,但一直未见喜马拉雅鬣羚的系统调查研究,而影响对喜马拉雅鬣羚的科学保护。因此,为了促进加查峡谷后续开展... 详细信息

雅鲁藏布江加查峡谷内栖息着种类丰富的野生动物,国家一级重点保护野生动物——喜马拉雅鬣羚(Capricornis thar)也生活在峡谷内,但一直未见喜马拉雅鬣羚的系统调查研究,而影响对喜马拉雅鬣羚的科学保护。因此,为了促进加查峡谷后续开展科学、有效地保护和管理工作,2020年5月到2022年12月,在加查峡谷内共布设85台红外相机对喜马拉雅鬣羚进行监测,并且对喜马拉雅鬣羚的活动节律进行初步研究。相机总工作天数39109 d,其中80台相机拍摄到喜马拉雅鬣羚,共获得有效照片15744张,其中独立有效探测照片数2650张。研究结果:1)喜马拉雅鬣羚全年的日活动节律呈现双峰型,活动高峰出现在4∶00—6∶00和19∶00—21∶00,活动低谷出现在10∶00—15∶00;2)四季对比发现秋季的活动强度比春、夏、冬季高;3)旱季的活动高峰比雨季的活动高峰提前1 h,并持续更长的时间;4)喜马拉雅鬣羚为夜行性动物。使用红外相机对加查峡谷进行了近两年半的监测,对峡谷喜马拉雅鬣羚的活动节律有了一定了解,为后续的研究、保护以及管理打下基础。

关键词：喜马拉雅鬣羚红外相机活动节律雅鲁藏布江加查峡谷

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A preliminary study on the parturition behavior of Rhinopithecus bieti

A preliminary study on the parturition behavior of Rhinopith...

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第十三届全国野生动物生态与资源保护学术研讨会暨第六届中...

作者： xiaoqin Zeng wancai xia Jie Hu Tai Zhong Xinming He Dayong Li Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal University

In mammals,parturition usually takes place during the resting period and in a secure environment.Here,we report direct and documented observation of birth-related behaviors of three infants Yunnan snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus bieti)in 2017.One of this was a daytime birth event of a multiparous female,and another two was

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Asperuloside Promotes Apoptosis of Cervical Cancer Cells through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mitochondrial Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 34-41页

作者： QI Zhi-min WANG xia LIU xia ZHAO Juan Medical Examination Center Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang(050011)China Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese MedicineShijiazhuang(050011)China Experimental Center for Teaching Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang(050017)China

Objective: To investigate the effects of asperuloside on cervical cancer based on endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress and mitochondrial pathway. Methods: Different doses(12.5–800 μg/mL) of asperuloside were used to treat cervical cancer cell lines Hela and CaSki to calculate the half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50)) of asperuloside. The cell proliferation was analyzed by clone formation assay. Cell apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by flow cytometry. The protein expressions of cleaved-caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, Cyt-c, cleaved-caspase-4 and glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78) were analyzed by Western blot. And the inhibitor of ER stress, 4-phenyl butyric acid(4-PBA) was used to treat cervical cancer cells to further verify the role of ER stress in the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells induced by asperuloside. Results: Asperuloside of 325, 650, and 1300 μg/mL significantly inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of Hela and CaSki cells(P<0.01). All doses of asperuloside significantly increased intracellular ROS levels, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, significantly reduced Bcl-2 protein expression level, and increased Bax, Cyt-c, GRP78 and cleaved-caspase-4 expressions(P<0.01). In addition, 10 mmol/L 4-PBA treatment significantly promoted cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis(P<0.05), and 650 μg/mL asperuloside could reverse 4-PBA-induced increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis and cleaved-caspase-3,-4 and GRP78 protein expressions(P<0.05). Conclusion: Our study revealed the role of asperuloside in cervical cancer, suggesting that asperuloside promotes apoptosis of cervical cancer cells through ER stress-mitochondrial pathway.

关键词： asperuloside Chinese medicine cervical cancer endoplasmic reticulum stress mitochondrial damage apoptosis

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Pretreating and normalizing metabolomics data for statistical analysis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 188-205页

作者： Jun Sun Yinglin xia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineDepartment of Microbiology/ImmunologyUIC Cancer CenterUniversity of Illinois ChicagoJesse Brown VA Medical Center Chicago(537)ChicagoIL 60612USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA

Metabolomics as a research field and a set of techniques is to study the entire small molecules in biological samples.Metabolomics is emerging as a powerful tool generally for pre-cision medicine.Particularly,integration of microbiome and metabolome has revealed the mechanism and functionality of microbiome in human health and disease.However,metabo-lomics data are very complicated.Preprocessing/pretreating and normalizing procedures on metabolomics data are usually required before statistical analysis.In this review article,we comprehensively review various methods that are used to preprocess and pretreat metabolo-mics data,including MS-based data and NMR-based data preprocessing,dealing with zero and/or missing values and detecting outliers,data normalization,data centering and scaling,data transformation.We discuss the advantages and limitations of each method.The choice for a suitable preprocessing method is determined by the biological hypothesis,the characteristics of the data set,and the selected statistical data analysis method.We then provide the perspective of their applications in the microbiome and metabolome research.

关键词： Data centering and scaling Data normalization Data transformation Missing values MS-Baseddata preprocessing NMRData preprocessing Outliers Preprocessing/pretreatment

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P-aminobenzoic acid promotes retinal regeneration through activation of Ascl1a in zebrafish

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1849-1856页

作者： Meihui He Mingfang xia Qian Yang Xingyi Chen Haibo Li xiaobo xia Eye Center of xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology ChangshaHunan ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

The retina of zebrafish can regenerate completely after injury.M ultiple studies have demonstrated that metabolic alte rations occur during retinal damage;however to date no study has identified a link between metabolites and retinal regeneration of zebrafish.Here,we performed an unbiased metabolome sequencing in the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish to demonstrate the metabolomic mechanism of retinal regeneration.Among the differentially-ex pressed metabolites,we found a significant decrease in p-aminobenzoic acid in the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish.Then,we investigated the role of p-aminobenzoic acid in retinal regeneration in adult zebrafish.Impo rtantly,p-aminobenzoic acid activated Achaetescute complex-like 1a expression,thereby promoting Müller glia reprogramming and division,as well as Müller glia-derived progenitor cell proliferation.Finally,we eliminated folic acid and inflammation as downstream effectors of PABA and demonstrated that PABA had little effect on Müller glia distribution.Taken together,these findings show that PABA contributes to retinal regeneration through activation of Achaetescute complex-like 1a expression in the N-methyl-Daspartic acid-damaged retinas of zebrafish.

关键词： Achaetescute complex-like 1a(Ascl1a) metabolomics Müller glia p-aminobenzoic acid(PABA) retina regeneration zebrafish

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Computational modelling of gas–liquid–solid multiphase free surface flow with and without evaporation

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 218-235页

作者： Huihuang xia Marc Kamlah Institute for Applied Materials(IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Gas–liquid–solid multiphase systems are ubiquitous in engineering applications,e.***.inkjet printing,spray drying and coating.Developing a numerical framework for modelling these multiphase systems is of great significance.An improved,resolved computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM)framework is developed to model the multiphase free surface flow with and without evaporation.An improved capillary force model is developed to compute the capillary interactions for partially floating particles at a free surface.Three well-known benchmark cases,namely drag coefficient calculation,the single sphere settling,and drafting-kissing-tumbling of two particles are conducted to validate the resolved CFD-DEM model.It turns out that the resolved CFD-DEM model developed in this paper can accurately calculate the fluid–solid interactions and predict the trajectory of solid particles interacting with the liquid phase.Numerical demonstrations,namely two particles moving along a free surface when the liquid phase evaporates,and particle transport and accumulations inside an evaporating sessile droplet show the performance of the resolved model.

关键词： Capillary force Discrete element method Liquid bridge Particle transport Resolved CFD-DEM Volume of fluid

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Regional features of pollen R-values in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 295-308页

作者： Jie xia Jian NI College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Jinhua Mountain Observation and Research Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystems Jinhua 321004China

Establishing a quantitative relationship between modern pollen and vegetation remains a pivotal but intricate pursuit within the field of Quaternary palynology.The R-value,a well-established and traditional metric characterized by its simplicity and direct applicability,serves to calibrate the nonlinear disparities between surface pollen and modern vegetation.This study entails the construction of a comprehensive pollen R-value dataset for China derived from R-values published between 1987 and 2021.The dataset,compiled after rigorous screening,calibration,and standardization processes,encompasses 898 modern pollen sampling sites and 2115 pollen R-value data entries,encapsulating 152 pollen taxa spanning 65 families and 113 genera.Synthesizing the extracted R-values yielded the following insights:(1)A macrospatial analysis validates previously established knowledge at a site-specific scale.Evidently,pollen R-value variations across China are statistically significant.Approximately two-thirds of pollen taxa exhibit underrepresentation(e.g.,Taxodiaceae,Corylus,Nitraria,Tamarix,Cyperaceae,Poaceae,and Fabaceae),while the remaining one-third display overrepresentation(e.g.,Pinus,Picea,Betula,Ephedra,Chenopodiaceae,and Artemisia).The degree of underrepresentation surpasses that of overrepresentation,and the representation patterns of Castanea,Quercus,Polygonaceae,and Asteraceae are contingent upon vegetation types.(2)Pollen R-values follow distinct spatial distribution patterns within China.In the woody vegetation region of eastern China,R-values progressively decline from north to south,correlating with rising temperatures and precipitation.Conversely,in herbaceous vegetation regions of northern and western China,R-values decrease from east to west and from northeast to southwest,corresponding to increased aridity.Nevertheless,pollen R-values manifest variation contingent on pollen taxa,vegetation types,and climatic regions,even differing for the same taxa across varying vegetation types and climatic conditions.This hi

关键词： Pollen R-value Modern pollen-vegetation relationship Regional pattern Variability Paleovegetation reconstruction

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