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Effects of thinning and understory removal on water use efficiency of Pinus massoniana:evidence from photosynthetic capacity and stable carbon isotope analyses

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 42-53页

作者： Ting wang Qing Xu Beibei zhang Deqiang Gao Ying zhang jing Jiang Haijun Zuo Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China College of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000People’s Republic of China Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada

Understanding the relationship between forest management and water use efficiency(WUE)is important for evaluating forest adaptability to climate ***,the effects of thinning and understory removal on WUE and its key controlling processes are not well understood,which limits our comprehension of the physiological mechanisms of various management *** this study,four forest management measures(no thinning:NT;understory removal:UR;light thinning:LT;and heavy thinning:HT)were carried out in Pinus massoniana plantations in a subtropical region of *** capacity and needle stable carbon isotope composition(δ^(13)C)were measured to assess instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE_(inst))and long-term water use efficiency(WUE_(i)).Multiple regression models and structural equation modelling(SEM)identified the effects of soil properties and physiological performances on WUE_(inst)and WUE_(i).The results show that WUE_(inst)values among the four treatments were ***,compared with the NT stand(35.8μmol·mol^(-1)),WUE_(i)values significantly increased to 41.7μmol·mol^(-1)in the UR,50.1μmol·mol^(-1)in the LT and 46.6μmol·mol^(-1)in HT treatments,largely explained by photosynthetic capacity and soil water *** removal did not change physiological performance(needle water potential and photosynthetic capacity).Thinning increased the net photosynthetic rate(A_n)but not stomatal conductance(g_s)or predawn needle water potential(ψ_(pd)),implying that the improvement in water use efficiency for thinned stands was largely driven by radiation interception than by soil water *** general,thinning may be an appropriate management measure to promote *** WUE to cope with seasonal droughts under future extreme climates.

关键词： Stable carbon isotope Water use efficiency Thinning Understory removal Photosynthetic capacity Needle water potential

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Resilience-oriented Hardening and Expansion Planning of Transmission System Under Hurricane Impact

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第4期10卷 1746-1760页

作者： jing Zhou Heng zhang Haozhong Cheng Shenxi zhang Lu Liu Zheng wang Xiaohu zhang Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion Ministry of EducationElectrical Engineering DepartmentShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Grid East China Branch Shanghai 200120China

In this paper,we propose a two-stage transmission hardening and planning(TH&P)model that can meet the load growth demand of normal scenarios and the resilience requirements of hurricane-induced damage *** better measure the resilience requirements,the proposed TH&P model includes two resilience assessment indexes,namely,the load shedding(LS)under the damage scenario and the average connectivity degree(ACD)at different *** first-stage model,which aims to meet the load growth demand while minimizing the LS,is formulated as a mixed-integer linear program(MILP)to minimize the total planning and hardening cost of transmission lines,the operating cost of generators,and the penalty cost of wind power and load shedding in both normal and damage *** second-stage model aims to further improve the ACD when the ACD of the scheme obtained from the first-stage model cannot reach the ***,the contribution of each transmission line to the ACD is calculated,and the next hardened line is determined to increase the *** process is repeated until the ACD meets the *** studies of the modified IEEE RTS-24 and two-area IEEE reliability test system-1996 indicate the proposed TH&P model can meet the requirements for both normal and damage scenarios.

关键词： Hardening hurricane disaster resilience transmission expansion planning

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Stabilizing n-type cubic AgBiSe_(2) thermoelectric materials through alloying with PbS

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第1期10卷 70-77页

作者： Lai zhang Weixia Shen Zhuangfei zhang Chao Fang Qianqian wang Biao wan Liangchao Chen Yuewen zhang Xiaopeng Jia Key Laboratory of Material Physics of Ministry of Education School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China

Phase transition generates rapid changes of transport parameters and poor mechanical property,and thus restricts the application of thermoelectric ***_(2) exhibits cubic phase at above 580 K with high-symmetry structure and low lattice thermal conductivity,indicating the potentiality of high thermoelectric *** this work,the cubic structure of AgBiSe_(2) was achieved at ambient conditions by alloying with PbS,enhancing the configurational entropy at both cationic and anionic *** cubic structure was rather stable after several measurement *** substitution at cationic sites effectively reduced band gap,and increased both carrier concentration and effective *** samples exhibited relatively low lattice thermal conductivity(0.68-0.34 W/(m·K))in the temperature range of 300-773 K,due to the nanoscale inhomogeneity and the random distribution of multiple species at some atomic sites.A maximum zT of 0.65 at 773 K was obtained for(Ag_(0.99)Nb_(0.01)BiSe_(2))_(0.8)(PbS)_(0.2) *** entropy-driven structural stabilization is a promising strategy to achieve stable structure for practical thermoelectric applications.

关键词： Thermoelectric AgBiSe_(2) Configurational entropy Phase transition

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Strong Interaction Between Redox Mediators and Defect-Rich Carbons Enabling Simultaneously Boosted Voltage Windows and Capacitance for Aqueous Supercapacitors

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 269-276页

作者： Lu Guan Yifan Zhu Yi wan Mengdi zhang Qiang Li Xiaoling Teng Yunlong zhang Hao Yang Yan zhang Han Hu Mingbo Wu State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of Chemical Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) College of Physics University-Industry Joint Center for Ocean Observation and Broadband Communication Qingdao University

Energy density,the Achilles'heel of aqueous supercapacitors,is simultaneously determined by the voltage window and specific capacitance of the carbon materials,but the strategy of synchronously boosting them has rarel... 详细信息

关键词： defect-rich carbons redox mediators strong interaction supercapacitors voltage windows

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Preface:special topic on rechargeable battery technology

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 1-3页

作者： Yu-Guo Guo Qiang zhang Jun Chen Li-Jun wan CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(RECAST)Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsKey Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Rechargeable batteries play a major role in the transition from fossil energy to renewable energy and are considered the key-enabling decarbonization technology for several industries,including electronics,transportat... 详细信息

关键词： battery artificial technology

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Kinetics insights into size effects of carbon nanotubes'growth and their supported platinum catalysts for 4,6-dinitroresorcinol hydrogenation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第8期72卷 133-140页

作者： Yan zhang Xiangxue zhang Keng Sang Wenyao Chen Gang Qian jing zhang Xuezhi Duan Xinggui Zhou Weikang Yuan State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Size effects are a well-documented phenomenon in heterogeneous catalysis,typically attributed to alterations in geometric and electronic *** this study,we investigate the influence of catalyst size in the preparation of carbon nanotube(CNT)and the hydrogenation of 4,6-dinitroresorcinol(DNR)using Fe_(2)O_(3)and Pt catalysts,*** Fe_(2)O_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)catalysts were synthesized for CNT growth through catalytic chemical vapor *** findings reveal a significant influence of Fe_(2)O_(3)nanoparticle size on the structure and yield of ***,CNT produced with Fe_(2)O_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)containing 28%(mass)Fe loading exhibits abundant surface defects,an increased area for metal-particle immobilization,and a high carbon *** makes it a promising candidate for DNR *** this catalyst support,we further investigate the size effects of Pt nanoparticles on DNR *** Pt catalysts demonstrate a preference for 4,6-diaminoresorcinol generation at(100)sites,whereas smaller Pt catalysts are more susceptible to electronic *** kinetics insights obtained from this study have the potential to pave the way for the development of more efficient catalysts for both CNT synthesis and DNR hydrogenation.

关键词： Kinetics Size effects Catalytic hydrogenation Active site

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Feasible Synthesis of N,O-Bidentate Difluoroboron Chromophores through Direct Functionalization of Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with Ketones in One Shot

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第13期42卷 1481-1486页

作者： Shuaichen zhang jing zhang Xiang Ling Yifan Zhao Yue Ma Peng Sun State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs Artemisinin Research Center and Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China Department of Pharmaceutics School of PharmacyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityState Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesNanjingJiangsu 210009China

Organic difluoroboron complexes are a kind of potential platforms for a wide range of applications owing to their excellent photophysical ***,we have explored a simple and direct synthesis methodology for a library of N,O-bidentate difluoroboron complexes from quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones and ketones in one *** photophysical properties of the generated complexes were evaluated and the application potential of these compounds on subcellular imaging was also explored.

关键词： N,O-Bidentate difluoroboron Chromophores Quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones Ketones/Green chemistry Synthetic method C-CcouplingI Boron

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Prospects for weighing neutrinos in interacting dark energy models using joint observations of gravitational waves andγ-ray bursts

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 225-233页

作者： Lu Feng Tao Han jing-Fei zhang Xin zhang College of Physical Science and Technology Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China Key Laboratory of Cosmology and Astrophysics(Liaoning Province)&Department of Physics College of SciencesNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Cosmological observations can be used to weigh neutrinos,but this method is model-dependent,with results relying on the cosmological model *** we consider interactions between dark energy and dark matter,the neutrino mass constraints differ from those derived under the standard *** the contrary,gravitational wave(GW)standard siren observations can measure absolute cosmological distances,helping to break parameter degeneracies inherent in traditional cosmological observations,thereby improving constraints on neutrino *** paper examines the constraints on neutrino mass within interacting dark energy(IDE)models and explores how future GW standard siren observations could enhance these *** multi-messenger GW observations,we consider the joint observations of binary neutron star mergers by third-generation ground-based GW detectors and shortγ-ray burst observations by missions similar to the THESEUS satellite *** current cosmological observations(CMB+BAO+SN),we obtain an upper limit on the neutrino mass in the IDE models of 0.15(or 0.16)*** the inclusion of GW data,the upper limit on the neutrino mass improves to 0.14 *** indicates that in the context of IDE models,the improvement in neutrino mass constraints from GW observations is relatively ***,GW observations significantly enhance the constraints on other cosmological parameters,such as matter density parameter,the Hubble constant,and coupling strength between dark energy and dark matter.

关键词： interacting dark energy neutrino mass gravitational wave standard siren cosmology

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Association of prealbumin with short-term and long-term outcomes in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第4期21卷 421-430页

作者： jing TAN Jin SI Ke-Ling XIAO Ying-Hua zhang Qi HUA jing LI Department of Cardiology Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Geriatric Medicine Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijingChina

BACKGROUND Prealbumin is considered to be a useful indicator of nutritional status. Furthermore, it has been found to be associated with severities and prognosis of a range of diseases. However, limited data on the association of baseline prealbumin level with outcomes of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) are *** We analyzed 2313 patients admitted for acute STEMI between October 2013 and December 2020. In-hospital outcomes and mortality during the 49 months(interquartile range: 26–73 months) follow-up period were compared between patients with the low prealbumin level(< 170 mg/L) and those with the high prealbumin level(≥ 170 mg/L).RESULTS A total of 114 patients(4.9%) died during hospitalization. After propensity score matching, patients with the low prealbumin level than those with the high prealbumin level experienced higher incidences of heart failure with Killip class Ⅲ(9.9%vs. 4.4%, P = 0.034), cardiovascular death(8.4% vs. 3.4%, P = 0.035) and the composite of major adverse cardiovascular events(19.2%vs. 10.3%, P = 0.012). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that the low prealbumin level(< 170 mg/L) was an independent predictor of in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular events(odds ratio = 1.918, 95% CI: 1.250–2.942, P = 0.003). The cutoff value of prealbumin level for predicting in-hospital death was 170 mg/L(area under the curve = 0.703, 95% CI: 0.651–0.754, P< 0.001;sensitivity = 0.544, specificity = 0.794). However, after multivariate adjustment of possible confounders, baseline prealbumin level(170 mg/L) was no longer independently associated with 49-month cardiovascular death. After propensity score matching, Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed consistent *** Decreased prealbumin level closely related to unfavorable short-term outcomes. However, after multivariate adjustment and controlling for baseline differences, baseline prealbumin level was not independently assoc

关键词： patients admitted infarction

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Efficient stochastic parallel gradient descent training for on-chip optical processor

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第4期7卷 5-15页

作者： Yuanjian wan Xudong Liu Guangze Wu Min Yang Guofeng Yan Yu zhang Jian wang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Optics Valley Laboratory Wuhan 430074China

In recent years,space-division multiplexing(SDM)technology,which involves transmitting data information on multiple parallel channels for efficient capacity scaling,has been widely used in fiber and free-space optical communication *** enable flexible data management and cope with the mixing between different channels,the integrated reconfig-urable optical processor is used for optical switching and mitigating the channel ***,efficient online train-ing becomes intricate and challenging,particularly when dealing with a significant number of *** we use the stochastic parallel gradient descent(SPGD)algorithm to configure the integrated optical processor,which has less com-putation than the traditional gradient descent(GD)*** design and fabricate a 6×6 on-chip optical processor on silicon platform to implement optical switching and descrambling assisted by the online training with the SPDG ***,we apply the on-chip processor configured by the SPGD algorithm to optical communications for optical switching and efficiently mitigating the channel crosstalk in SDM *** comparison with the traditional GD al-gorithm,it is found that the SPGD algorithm features better performance especially when the scale of matrix is large,which means it has the potential to optimize large-scale optical matrix computation acceleration chips.

关键词： optical communications optical signal processing channel descrambling optical neural network chip silicon photonics

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