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Porcine model characterizing various parameters assessing the outcome after acetaminophen intoxication induced acute liver failure

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第9期23卷 1576-1585页

作者： Karolin thiel Wilfried Klingert Kathrin Klingert Matthias H Morgalla Martin U Schuhmann Pamela Leckie Yalda Sharifi Nathan A Davies Rajiv Jalan Andreas Peter Christian Grasshoff Alfred Konigsrainer Martin Schenk Christian thiel Department of General Visceral and Transplant SurgeryTuebingen University Hospital Department of Anaesthesiology Tuebingen University Hospital Department of Neurosurgery Tuebingen University Hospital Institute for Liver and Digestive Health University College London Division of Endocrinology DiabetologyAngiologyNephrologyPathobiochemistry and Clinical ChemistryDepartment of Internal MedicineTuebingen University Hospital

To investigate the changes of hemodynamic and laboratory parameters during the course of acute liver failure following acetaminophen *** pigs underwent a midline laparotomy following jejunal catheter placement for further acetaminophen intoxication and positioning of a portal vein Doppler flow-probe. Acute liver failure was realized by intrajejunal acetaminophen administration in six animals, two animals were sham operated. All animals were invasively monitored and received standardized intensive care support throughout the study. Portal blood flow, hemodynamic and ventilation parameters were continuously recorded. Laboratory parameters were analysed every eight hours. Liver biopsies were sampled every 24 h following intoxication and upon *** liver failure (ALF) occurred after 28 ± 5 h resulted in multiple organ failure and death despite maximal support after further 21 ± 1 h (study end). Portal blood flow (baseline 1100 ± 156 mL/min) increased to a maximum flow of 1873 ± 175 mL/min at manifestation of ALF, which was significantly elevated (P 3/µL ± 34 × 103/µL) of intoxicated animals declined slowly to values of 145 × 103/µL ± 46 × 103/µL when liver failure occurred. Subsequent appearance of severe thrombocytopenia in liver failure resulted in values of 11 × 103/µL ± 3 × 103/µL preceding fatality within few hours which was significant (P > 0.01).CONCLUSIONDeclining portal blood flow and subsequent severe thrombocytopenia after acetaminophen intoxication precede fatality in a porcine acute liver failure model.

关键词： Acetaminophen intoxication Acute liver failure Portal blood flow Thrombocytopenia Animal model Porcine model

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Terahertz Spectroscopic Characterization and Thickness Evaluation of Internal Delamination Defects in GFRP Composites

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2023年第1期36卷 190-210页

作者： walter Nsengiyumva Shuncong Zhong Manting Luo Bing Wang Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Terahertz Functional Devices and Intelligent Sensing School of Mechanical Engineering and AutomationFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China Institute of Precision Instrument and Intelligent Measurement&Control Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108P.R.China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Putian UniversityPutian351100China

The use of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS)for the nondestructive testing and evaluation(NDT&E)of materials and structural systems has attracted significant attention over the past two decades due to its superior spatial resolution and capabilities of detecting and characterizing defects and structural damage in non-conducting *** this study,the THz-TDS system is used to detect,localize and evaluate hidden multi-delamination defects(i.e.,a three-level multi-delamination system)in multilayered GFRP composite *** obtain accurate results,a wavelet shrinkage de-noising algorithm is used to remove the noise from the measured time-of-flight(TOF)*** thickness and location of each delamination defect in the z-direction(i.e.,through-the-thickness direction)are calculated from the de-noised TOF signals considering the interaction between the pulsed THz waves and the different interfaces in the GFRP composite laminates.A comparison between the actual and the measured thickness values of the delamination defects before and after the wavelet shrinkage denoising process indicates that the latter provides better results with less than 3.712%relative error,while the relative error of the non-de-noised signals reaches 16.388%.Also,the power and absorbance levels of the THz waves at every interface with different refractive indices in the GFRP composite laminates are evaluated based on analytical and experimental *** present study provides an adequate theoretical analysis that could help NDT&E specialists to estimate the maximum thickness of GFRP composite materials and/or structures with different interfaces that can be evaluated by the ***,the accuracy of the obtained results highlights the capabilities of the THz-TDS for the NDT&E of multilayered GFRP composite laminates.

关键词： Glass-fiber-reinforced polymer-matrix(GFRP)composites Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy(THz-TDS) Nondestructive testing and evaluation(NDT&E) Stationary wavelet transform(SWT) Thickness evaluation Delamination defects

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The mysteries of eccentric muscle action

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运动与健康科学（英文） 2018年第3期7卷 253-254页

作者： walter Herzog Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of Calgary

Muscle actions are typically divided into 3 categories：concentric,isometric,and *** active muscle that is shortening and produces positive mechanical work is said to work concentrically;an active muscle that is not changing its length,and thus does not produce net work,is said to work isometrically;and an active muscle that is elongated by external forces,and thus absorbs work,or produces negative work,is said to work eccentrically．

关键词：运动科学健康科学个人休闲运动

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Editorial re:Could sport be part……by Ring-Dimitriou et al.

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第4期8卷 348-349页

作者： walter Herzog Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of Calgary

Childhood obesity has become a concern in most economically developing *** reasons for this seem clear:too much food and not enough *** dilemma has received much scientific attention,and the question arises:How do we get children to move and make good eating choices?In their opinion piece in this issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science(JSHS),Ring-Dimitriou et al.1 make an argument that playing structured and supervised traditional sports will help children with obesity,where traditional sports include football,handball,gymnastics,athletics,and martial arts.

关键词： Ring-Dimitriou Journal of Sport and Health Science(JSHS) economically developing countries

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Eccentric vs. concentric muscle contraction： That is the question

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第2期6卷 128-129页

作者： walter Herzog Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of Calgary

In their recent papers in the Journal of Sport and Health Science on hamstring injuries in sprinting,^(1,2)and their corresponding commentaries on each other's research,3,4Yu et *** Liu et *** different views of the mechanisms of muscle injuries in general,and hamstring injuries in sprinting *** Yu et al.^(1,3)argued that muscle injuries are primarily,if not exclusively,caused by muscle strain magnitude in eccentric contractions,and thus hamstring injuries occur primarily

关键词：心肌收缩偏心肌肉损伤收缩应变受伤短跑

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Do recreational team sports provide fitness and health benefits?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第2期7卷 127-128页

作者： walter Herzog Human Performance Laboratory Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of Calgary

In many countries,sedentary lifestyle has led to a number of epidemic health problems,including obesity,metabolic syndrome,and associated *** have performed self-evaluations of the fitness status of their people:child... 详细信息

关键词：健康问题运动娱乐生活方式新陈代谢自我评估症候群成年人

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DNA-PKcs subunits in radiosensitization by hyperthermia on hepatocellular carcinoma hepG_2 cell line

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2002年第5期8卷 797-803页

作者： walter J.Curran George Iliakis Department of Radiation Oncology of Kimmel Cancer Center Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107USA

AIM: To investigate the role of DNA-PKcs subunits inradiosensitization by hyperthermia on hepatocellularcarcinoma HepG2 cell ***: Hep G2 cells were exposed to hyperthermiaand irradiation. Hyperthermia was given at 45.5 ℃Cellsurvival was determined by an in vitro clonogenic assay forthe cells treated with or without hyperthermia at varioustime points. DNA DSB rejoining was measured usingasymmetric field inversion gel electrophoresis (AFIGE). TheDNA-PKcs activities were measured using DNA-PKcs enzymeassay ***: Hyperthermia can significantly enhanceirradiation-killing cells. Thermal enhancement ratio ascalculated at 10 % survival was 2.02. The difference inradiosensitivity between two treatment modes manifestedas a difference in the α components and the almost sameβ components, which α value was considerably higher inthe cells of combined radiation and hyperthermia ascompared with irradiating cells (1.07 Gy-1 versus 0.44 Gy1). Survival fraction showed 1 logarithm increase after an8-hour interval between heat and irradiation, whereas DNA-PKcs activity did not show any recovery. The cells wereexposed to heat 5 minutes only, DNA-PKcs activity wasinhibited at the nadir, even though the exposure time waslengthened. Whereas the ability of DNA DSB rejoining wasinhibited with the increase of the length of hyperthermictime. The repair kinetics of DNA DSB rejoining aftertreatment with Wortmannin is different from thehyperthermic group due to the striking high slow ***: Determination with the cell extracts andthe peptide phosphorylation assay, DNA-PKcs activity wasinactivated by heat treatment at 45.5 C, and could notrestore. Cell survival is not associated with the DNA-PKcsinactivity after heat. DNA-PKcs is not a unique factor affectingthe DNA DSB repair. This suggests that DNA-PKcs do notplay a crucial role in the enhancement of cellularradiosensitivity by hyperthermia.

关键词：肝癌放射治疗放射敏感性催化作用 DNA激酶

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Sustainable Development and Strategic Thinking

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2007年第4期5卷 3-19页

作者： walter R Stahel School of Engineering University of Surrey CH-1211 Geneva 3

From an economic point of view, the industrial econ- omy is efficient to overcome situations of a scarcity of goods. From a technological point of view, the resource efficiency of the manufacturing processes of the industrial economy has been per- manently improved during the last 200 years. In addition, cleaner processes have been developed. However, from an ecologic point of view, an increasing world population with increasing consump- tion has produced a "global footprint" which approaches the car- rying capacity of the planet. A circular economy and its high-value spin-offs-a lake economy and a performance or functional service economy-can fulfil customers' needs with considerably less resource consump- tion, less environmental impairment in production and considera- bly less end-of-life product waste, especially in situations of af- fluence, when a considerable stock of physical goods and infra- structures exists. Also, in situations of a scarcity of natural resources, both en- ergy and materials, often characterised by rapidly rising resource prices, the economic actors of a circular economy have a high competitive advantage over the actors of the industrial economy, due to much lower procurement costs for materials and energy. From a social point of view, a circular economy increases the number of skilled jobs in regional enterprises. However, the shift from a linear manufacturing economy to a circular or service economy means a change in economic thinking, from flow (throughput) management to stock (asset) management: in a manufacturing economy with largely unsaturated markets, total wealth increases through accumulation as resource through- put (flow) is transformed into a higher stock of goods of better quality (but in a manufacturing economy with largely saturated markets, wealth represented by the stock of goods will no longer increase); in a circular or service economy, total wealth increases through a smart management of existing physical assets (stock

关键词： sustainable development circle economy

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Recent advances in connected and automated vehicles

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第2期6卷 109-131页

作者： David Elliott walter Keen Lei Miao Mahle Filter Systems North America Inc. Department of Engineering Technology Middle Tennessee State University

Connected and automated vehicle(CAV) is a transformative technology that has great potential to change our daily life. Therefore, CAV related research has been advanced significantly in recent years. This paper does a comprehensive review on five selected subjects that lie in the heart of CAV research:(i) inter-CAV communications;(ii) security of CAVs;(iii) intersection control for CAVs;(iv) collision-free navigation of CAVs; and(v)pedestrian detection and protection. It is believed that these topics are essential to ensure the success of CAVs and need to be better understood. For inter-CAV communications, this paper focuses on both Dedicated Short Range Communications(DSRC) and the future 5 G cellular technologies; for security of CAVs, this paper discusses both passive and active attacks and the existing solutions; for intersection control, this paper summarizes the pros and cons of both centralized and decentralized approaches; for collision avoidance, this paper concentrates on four subareas: maneuverability, vehicle networking, control confliction, and motorcycles; for pedestrian detection, this paper covers sensor, radar, and computer vision based approaches. Under each topic, this paper not only shows the stateof-the-art, but also unveils potential future research directions. By establishing connections among these subjects, this paper shows how they interact with each other and how they can be integrated into a seamless user experience. It is believed that the literature covered and conclusions drawn in this paper are very helpful to CAV researchers, application engineers, and policy makers.

关键词： Connected and automated vehicles Autonomous vehicles Intelligent transportation systems Driver-less cars

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Estimation of distribution algorithm enhanced particle swarm optimization for water distribution network optimization

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 341-351页

作者： Xuewei QI Ke LI walter D. POTTER Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Riverside CA 92507 USA College of Engineering University of Georgia Athens GA 30605 USA Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Georgia Athens GA 30605 USA

The optimization of a water distribution network （WDN） is a highly nonlinear, multi-modal, and constrained combinatorial problem. Particle swarm opti- mization （PSO） has been shown to be a fast converging algorithm for WDN optimization. An improved estimation of distribution algorithm （EDA） using historic best positions to construct a sample space is hybridized with PSO both in sequential and in parallel to improve population diversity control and avoid premature conver- gence. Two water distribution network benchmark exam- ples from the literature are adopted to evaluate the performance of the proposed hybrid algorithms. The experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithms achieved the literature record minimum （6.081 MS） for the small size Hanoi network. For the large size Balerma network, the parallel hybrid achieved a slightly lower minimum （1.921M） than the current literature reported best minimum （1.923MC）. The average number of evaluations needed to achieve the minimum is one order smaller than most existing algorithms. With a fixed, small number of evaluations, the sequential hybrid outperforms the parallel hybrid showing its capability for fast convergence. The fitness and diversity of the populations were tracked for the proposed algorithms. The track record suggests that constructing an EDA sample space with historic best positions can improve diversity control significantly. Parallel hybridization also helps to improve diversity control yet its effect is relatively less significant.

关键词： particle swarm optimization (PSO) diversitycontrol estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) waterdistribution network (WDN) premature convergence,hybrid strategy

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