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Associations between physical activity levels and ATPase inhibitory factor 1 concentrations in older adults

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 409-418页

作者： Jérémy raffin Yves rolland Annelise Genoux Guillaume Combes mikael Croyal Bertrand Perret Sophie Guyonnet bruno Vellas Laurent O.martinez Philipe de Souto Barreto For the mAPT/DSA Group Institut du Vieillissement Gérontopôle de ToulouseCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de ToulouseToulouse 31000France Centre d'Epidémiologie et de recherche en Santédes Populations UnitéMixte de Recherche 1295Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleUniversitéToulouse-III-Paul-SabatierToulouse 31000France LimitAging Team Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et CardiovasculairesUnitéMixte de Recherche 1297Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleUniversitéToulouse III-Paul SabatierToulouse 31432France Service de Biochimie Pôle de biologieHôpital de PurpanCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de ToulouseToulouse 31300France L'Institut du Thorax Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de NantesNantes UniversitéNantes 44000France BioCore US16Structure Fédérative de Recherche BonamyInstitut National de la Santéet de la Recherche MédicaleCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de NantesNantes UniversitéNantes 44000France Plate-forme de spectrométrie de masse Centre de Recherche en Nutrition HumaineOuestNantes 44000France 不详

Background:Adenosine triphosphatase inhibitory factor 1(IF1)is a key protein involved in energy ***1 has been linked to various agerelated diseases,although its relationship with physical activity(PA)remains ***,the apolipoprotein A-I(apoA-I),a PA-modulated lipoprotein,could play a role in this relationship because it shares a binding site with IF1 on the cell-surface ATP *** examined here the associations between chronic PA and plasma IF1 concentrations among older adults,and we investigated whether apoA-I mediated these ***:In the present work,1096 healthy adults(63.8%females)aged 70 years and over who were involved in the multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial study were ***1 plasma concentrations(square root of ng/mL)were measured at the 1-year visit of the multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial,while PA levels(square root of metabolic equivalent task min/week)were assessed using questionnaires administered each year from baseline to the 3-year *** linear regressions were performed to investigate the associations between the first-year mean PA levels and IF1 *** analyses were conducted to examine whether apoA-I mediated these *** linear regressions were carried out to investigate whether the 1-year visit IF1 concentrations predicted subsequent changes in ***:multiple linear regressions indicated that first-year mean PA levels were positively associated with IF1 concentrations(B=0.021;SE=0.010;p=0.043).mediation analyses revealed that about 37.7%of this relationship was mediated by apoA-I(B_(ab)=0.008;SE=0.004;p=0.023).Longitudinal investigations demonstrated that higher concentrations of IF1 at the 1-year visit predicted a faster decline in PA levels over the subsequent 2 years(time×IF1:B=0.148;SE=0.066;p=0.025).Conclusion:This study demonstrates that regular PA is associated with plasma IF1 concentrations,and it suggests that apoA-I partly med

关键词： Aging Apolipoprotein Bioenergetics Exerkine mitochondria

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Effect of drug therapies on self-reported chemosensory outcomes after COVID-19

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 88-96页

作者： marco A.Fornazieri bruno m.Cunha Samuel P.Nicácio Lucas K.Anzolin JoséL.B.da Silva Aristides Fernandes Neto Deusdedit Brandão Neto richard L.Voegels Fábio D.r.Pinna Department of Surgery Londrina State UniversityLondrinaBrazil Department of medicine Pontifical Catholic University of ParanáLondrinaBrazil Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of São PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Otorhinolaryngology:Head and Neck Surgery Perelman School of MedicineSmell and Taste CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of medications used following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SArS-CoV-2)infection on self-reported alterations in taste and/or smell ***:Seven hundred and fourteen persons with self-reported postcoronavirus disease 2019(post-COVID-19)chemosensory disorders were personally interviewed regarding specific medications they were administered following the acute phase of the *** dependent measure—self-reported total recovery of chemosensory symptoms—was subjected to stepwise logistic *** predictors included demographic and clinical variables,in addition to specific medications used to mitigate disease symptoms(i.e.,systemic corticosteroids,oseltamivir,vitamin C,ibuprofen,hydroxychloroquine,azithromycin,ivermectin,nitazoxanide,anticoagulants,and zinc).results:The median time between COVID-19 symptom onset and the interviews was 81 days(interquartile range:60-104).Of the 714 subjects,249(34.9%)reported total recovery of their chemosensory function;437(61.2%)had at least one treatment since the beginning of the *** and those with more comorbidities had undergone more *** recovery rates of the treated and nontreated groups did not differ ***,respondents who had used nitazoxanide tended to have a higher rate of self-reported taste or smell *** who took oral zinc were less likely to ***:No medication employed during the first months after SArS-CoV-2 infection had a clear positive effect on returning self-reported smell or taste function to normal,although nitrazoxide trended in a positive *** zinc had a negative effect on the reported recovery of these senses.

关键词： chemosensory disorder coronavirus infections COVID-19 drug therapy SArS-CoV-2 smell loss taste loss

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Demonstrating grating-based phase-contrast imaging of laser-driven shock waves

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matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 90-97页

作者： Leonard Wegert Stephan Schreiner Constantin rauch bruno Albertazzi Paulina Bleuel Eric Frojdh michel Koenig Veronika Ludwig Artem Smartynenko Pascal meyer Aldo mozzanica michael müller Paul Neumayer markus Schneider Angelos Triantafyllidis Bernhard Zielbauer Gisela Anton Thilo michel Stefan Funk Plasma Physics Department GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur SchwerionenforschungPlanckstraBe 164291 DarmstadtGermany Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics(ECAP) Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NurnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-StraBe 291058 ErlangenGermany LULI-CNrS CEASorbonne UniversitésEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91120 Palaiseau CedexFrance Paul Scherrer Institut(Psi) Forschungsstrasse 1115232VilligenSwitzerland Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Microstructure TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Single-shot X-ray phase-contrast imaging is used to take high-resolution images of laser-driven strong shock *** a two-grating Talbot interferometer,we successfully acquire standard absorption,differential phase-contrast,and dark-field images of the shocked *** agreement is demonstrated between experimental data and the results of two-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations of the laser-plasma *** main sources of image noise are identified through a thorough assessment of the interferometer’s *** acquired images demonstrate that grating-based phase-contrast imaging is a powerful diagnostic tool for high-energy-density *** addition,we make a novel attempt at using the dark-field image as a signal modality of Talbot interferometry to identify the microstructure of a foam target.

关键词： interaction. shock phase

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Assessment of the performance of the TOPGNSS and ANN-mB antennas for ionospheric measurements using low-cost u-blox GNSS receivers

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 291-301页

作者： Daniel Okoh Aderonke Obafaye Oluwakemi Dare-Idowu Babatunde rabiu Anton Kashcheyev Claudio Cesaroni John Bosco Habarulema bruno Nava United Nations African regional Centre for Space Science and Technology Education-English(UN-ArCSSTE-E) Obafemi Awolowo University CampusIle IfeNigeria National Institute for Geophysics and Volcanology(INGV) 00143 RomeItaly Institute for Space Science and Engineering African University of Science and TechnologyAbujaNigeria University of New Brunswick FrederictonCanada South African National Space Agency(SANSA) P.O Box 32Hermanus 7200South Africa Department of Physics and Electronics Rhodes University6140 MakhandaSouth Africa The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Strada Costiera11I-34151 TriesteItaly

Low-cost GNSS receivers have recently been gaining reliability as good candidates for ionospheric studies. In line with these gains are genuine concerns about improving the performance of these receivers. In this work, we present a comprehensive investigation of the performances of two antennas(the u-blox ANN-mB and the TOPGNSS TOP-106) used on a low-cost GNSS receiver known as the u-blox ZED-F9P. The two antennas were installed on two identical and co-located u-blox receivers. Data used from both receivers cover the period from January to June 2022. results from the study indicate that the signal strengths are dominantly greater for the receiver with the TOPGNSS antenna than for the receiver with the ANN-mB antenna, implying that the TOPGNSS antenna is better than the ANN-mB antenna in terms of providing greater signal strengths. Summarily, the TOPGNSS antenna also performed better in minimizing the occurrence of cycle slips on phase TEC measurements. There are no conspicuous differences between the variances(computed as 5-min standard deviations) of phase TEC measurements for the two antennas, except for a period around may-June when the TOPGNSS gave a better performance in terms of minimizing the variances in phase TEC. remarkably, the ANN-mB antenna gave a better performance than the TOPGNSS antenna in terms of minimizing the variances in pseudorange TEC for some satellite observations. For precise horizontal(North and East) positioning, the receiver with the TOPGNSS antenna gave better results, while the receiver with the ANN-mB antenna gave better vertical(Up) positioning. The errors for the receivers of both antennas are typically within about 5 m(the monthly mean was usually smaller than 1 m) in the horizontal direction and within about 10 m(the monthly mean was usually smaller than 4 m) in the vertical direction.

关键词： GNSS Ionosphere Low-cost Antenna TOPGNSS U-blox

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ENSO impacts on litter stocks and water holding capacity in secondary forests in eastern Amazonia

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Journal of Forestry research 2024年第1期35卷 83-89页

作者： Julia Isabella de matos rodrigues walm.r bruno roch. m.rtins Victor Pereira de Oliveira myriam Suelen da Silva Wanzerley Hélio Brito dos Santos Júnior Francisco de Assis Oliveira Graduate Program in Forestry Sciences Av.Presidente Tancredo Neves2501BelémPará66077-530Brazil Federal rural University of Amazonia Av.Presidente Tancredo Neves2501BelémPará66077-530Brazil Federal rural University of Amazonia Tv.Pau-AmareloCapitão PoçoPará68650-000Brazil National Institute of Amazonia research Av.Constelação Cruzeiro do SulManausAmazonas 69060-062Brazil

Among the impacts of climate change,there is the intensification of phenomena such as the El Niño South-ern Oscillation(ENSO)responsible for El Niño and La Niñ***,understanding their effects on the functional pro-cesses of forests is ***,this study evaluated the effects of ENSO on litter stock and water holding capac-ity(WHC)in a successional forest in eastern *** occurred in periods with the most rainfall in El Niño(2019)and least in La Niña(2021)*** permanent plots were used to sample *** effects were evident for WHC,higher during El Niñ***,this influence was not clear for litter,as only in the rainy season effects were *** was a positive correlation of WHC with precipitation and humidity,while litter stocks were negatively correlated with temperature and wind *** the subject of this study requires long-term assessments,preliminary results suggests that,depending on the intensity of ENSO,forest functional processes can be strongly impacted and *** conclusion reinforces warnings by the scientific community about the impacts of climate change on the maintenance of litter stocks,decomposition and,consequently,the biogeochemical cycle and essential ecosystem services for the maintenance of Amazonia *** need to develop long-term research to understand the effects of climatic change on litter stocks and water holding capacity is highlighted,especially in Amazonia.

关键词： Seasonality Climate change Succession ecosystem Biogeochemical cycle Amazonia biodiversity

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Driving factors behind multiple populations

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 172-181页

作者： ruoyun Huang Baitian Tang Chengyuan Li Doug Geisler mario mateo Ying-Yi Song Holger Baumgardt Julio A.Carballo-Bello Yue Wang Jundan Nie bruno Dias JoséG.Fernández-Trincado School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-macao Greater Bay Area Zhuhai 519082China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile Instituto de Investigación multidisciplinario en Ciencia y Tecnología Universidad de La SerenaLa SerenaChile Departamento de Astronomía Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de La SerenaChile Department of Astronomy University of MichiganAnn Arbor 48109USA David A.Dunlap Department of Astronomy&Astrophysics University of TorontoToronto ON M5S 3H4Canada Dunlap Institute for Astronomy&Astrophysics University of TorontoToronto ON M5S 3H4Canada School of mathematics and Physics The University of QueenslandSt.Lucia QLD 4072Australia Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de TarapacáAricaChile CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Instituto de Astrofísica Departamento de Ciencias FísicasFacultad de Ciencias ExactasUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile Instituto de Astronomía Universidad Católica del NorteAntofagastaChile

Star clusters were historically considered simple stellar populations,with all stars sharing the same age and initial chemical ***,the presence of chemical anomalies in globular clusters(GCs),called multiple stellar populations(mPs),has challenged star formation theories in dense *** studies show that mass,metallicity,and age are likely controlling parameters for the manifestation of *** the limit between clusters with/without mPs in physical parameter space is crucial to reveal the driving mechanism behind their *** this study,we look for mP signals in Whiting 1,which is traditionally considered a young *** the magellan telescope,we obtained low-resolution spectra withinλλ=3850-5500?for eight giants of Whiting *** measured the C and N abundances from the CN and CH spectral indices.C and N abundances have variations comparable with their measurement errors(~0.1 dex),suggesting that mPs are absent from Whiting *** these findings with literature studies,we propose a limit in the metallicity *** compactness index parameter space,which relatively clearly separates star clusters with/without mPs(GCs/open clusters).This limit is physically *** a larger scale,the galactic environment determines cluster compactness and metallicity,leading to metal-rich,diffuse,old clusters formed ex *** proposed limit also impacts our understanding of the formation of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy:star clusters formed after the first starburst(age≤8-10 Gyr).These clusters are simple stellar populations because the enriched galactic environment is no longer suitable for mP formation.

关键词： stellar galactic galaxy

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Preclinical and clinical evidence of the association of colibactinproducing Escherichia coli with anxiety and depression in colon cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第21期30卷 2817-2826页

作者： Fabien rondepierre maëva meynier Johan Gagniere Vincent Deneuvy Anissa Deneuvy Gwenaelle roch. Elodie Baudu bruno Pereira richard Bonnet Nicolas Barnich Frédéric Antonio Carvalho Denis Pezet mathilde Bonnet Isabelle Jalenques Service de Psychiatrie de l’Adulte A et Psychologie médicale CHU Clermont-FerrandClermont-Ferrand 63000France m2iSH UMR 1071INSERMUniversity of Clermont AuvergneINRAE USC 1382Clermont-Ferrand 63001France NeuroDol UMR 1107INSERMUniversity of Clermont AuvergneClermont-Ferrand 63001France Department of Digestive Surgery CHU de Clermont-FerrandClermont-Ferrand 63001France Biostatistics Unit Department of Clinical Research and InnovationCHU Clermont-FerrandClermont-Ferrand 63000France Department of Bacteriology CHU de Clermont-FerrandClermont-Ferrand 63001France UniversitéClermont Auvergne INPCNRSClermont Auvergne Institut PascalClermont-Ferrand 63000France

BACKGrOUND The association between the intestinal microbiota and psychiatric disorders is becoming increasingly *** gut microbiota contributes to colorectal carcinogenesis(CrC),as demonstrated with colibactin-producing Escherichia coli(CoPEC).AIm To evaluate the association between CoPEC prevalence and anxiety-and depressive-like behaviors with both preclinical and clinical *** Patients followed after a CrC surgery and for whom the prevalence of CoPEC has been investigated underwent a psychiatric *** were compared according to the CoPEC *** parallel C57BL6/J wild type mice and mice with a CrC susceptibility were chronically infected with a CoPEC *** behavior was assessed using the Elevated Plus maze test,the Forced Swimming Test and the Behavior recognition system PhenoTyper®.rESULTS In a limited cohort,all patients with CoPEC colonization presented with psychiatric disorders several years before cancer diagnosis,whereas only one patient(17%)without CoPEC *** result was confirmed in C57BL6/J wildtype mice and in a CrC susceptibility mouse model(adenomatous polyposis colimultiple intestinal neoplasia/+).mice exhibited a significant increase in anxiety-and depressive-like behaviors after chronic infection with a CoPEC *** This finding provides the first evidence that CoPEC infection can induce microbiota-gut-brain axis disturbances in addition to its procarcinogenic properties.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colibactin Escherichia coli Colibactin-producing Escherichia coli Inflammation Anxiety Depression Behavior

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rifaximin on epigenetics and autophagy in animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma secondary to metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第1期16卷 75-90页

作者： matheus Truccolo michalczuk Larisse Longo melina Belén Keingeski bruno de Souza Basso Gabriel Tayguara Silveira Guerreiro Jessica T Ferrari JoséEduardo Vargas Cláudia P Oliveira Carolina Uribe-Cruz Carlos Thadeu Schmidt Cerski Eduardo Filippi-Chiela mário reisÁlvares-da-Silva Division of Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Cells Universidade Federal do ParanáParaná81530900Brazil Department of Gastroenterology(LIm07) Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São PauloSão Paulo 01246903Brazil Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Católica de las MisionesPosadasMisiones 3300Argentina Unit of Surgical Pathology Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-903Rio Grande do SulBrazil Center of Biotechnology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-003Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of morphological Sciences Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90.050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)ResearcherBrasília 71.605-001Brazil

BACKGrOUND Prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is increasing,especially in patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease(mASLD).AIm To investigate rifaximin(rIF)effects on epigenetic/autophagy markers in *** Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned(n=8,each)and treated from 5-16 wk:Control[standard diet,water plus gavage with vehicle(Veh)],HCC[high-fat choline deficient diet(HFCD),diethylnitrosamine(DEN)in drinking water and Veh gavage],and rIF[HFCD,DEN and rIF(50 mg/kg/d)gavage].Gene expression of epigenetic/autophagy markers and circulating mirNAs were *** All HCC and rIF animals developed metabolic-dysfunction associated steatohepatitis fibrosis,and cirrhosis,but three rIF-group did not develop *** animals who developed HCC with those who did not,mir-122,mir-34a,tubulin alpha-1c(Tuba-1c),metalloproteinases-2(mmp2),and metalloproteinases-9(mmp9)were significantly higher in the *** opposite occurred with Becn1,coactivator associated arginine methyltransferase-1(Carm1),enhancer of zeste homolog-2(Ezh2),autophagy-related factor LC3A/B(map1 Lc3b),and p62/sequestosome-1(p62/SQSTm1)-*** with controls,map1 Lc3b,Becn1 and Ezh2 were lower in HCC and rIF-groups(Prm1 was lower in HCC compared to rIF(Pression of mmp9 was higher in HCC in relation to the control;the opposite was observed for p62/Sqstm1(Pression of p62/SQSTm1 protein was lower in the rIF-group compared to the control(P=0.024).There was no difference among groups for Tuba-1c,Aldolase-B,alpha-fetoprotein,and mmp2(P>0.05).mir-122 was higher in HCC,and mir-34a in rIF compared to controls(Pmir-26b was lower in HCC compared to rIF,and the inverse was observed for mir-224(Pre was no difference among groups regarding mir-33a,mir-143,mir-155,mir-375 and mir-21(P>0.05).CONCLUSION rIF might have a possible beneficial effect on preventing/delaying liver carcinogenesis throu

关键词： Animal model Autophagy Epigenetic Hepatocellular carcinoma metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease rifaximin

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Oxidation of propane over ammonium-transition metal mixed keggin phosphomolybdate salts

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2010年第1期19卷 54-60页

作者： T. mazari C. roch. marchal S. Hocine N. Salhi C. rabia Laboratoire de Chimie du Gaz Naturel Faculte' de Chimie Universite' des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumedie`ne USTHB BP32 El-Alia Bab-Ezzouar Alger Alge'rie ILV-Umr 8180 CNrS Universite' de Versailles -St Quentin-en-Yvelines Ba?timent Lavoisier 45 avenue des Etats-Unis 78035 Versailles Cedex France

mixed ammonium-transition metal salts with formula of （NH4）xmyHzPmo12O40 （m = Ni^2＋, Co^2＋ or Fe ^3＋） denoted as mPmo12 have been investigated for the oxidation of propane, with molecular oxygen, at temperature range between 380 ℃ and 420 ℃ after in-situ pre-treatment performed at two heating rate of 5 or 9℃/min. They were characterized by BET method, XrD, UV-Vis and Ir techniques. The catalysts were found to be active in the propane oxidation and selective to propene or acrolein, in particular for samples pre-treated with the heating rate of 9℃/min. FePmo12 was found to be a more active catalyst for propene （17.2% yield） with minimal over deep oxidation （0.3% yield in COx）.

关键词： phosphomolybdate ammonium keggin propane oxidation propene acrolein

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Typology and Agroecology of Agroecosystems in Vegetation Dynamics in the Ecotones of the mbam and Inoubou

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第1期14卷 42-66页

作者： Alex bruno Dong Etchike Lucie Félicité Temgoua Bertine Tiokeng marie Caroline momo Solefack martin Benoit Ngassoum Pierre marie mapongmetsem Laboratory of Applied Botany Faculty of Sciences of the University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Forestry Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences of the University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Laboratory of Biodiversity and Sustainable Development of the University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon

Agroforestry systems strongly characterize the Cameroonian agrarian landscape. Agroforests are among those structuring the ecotones of mbam and Inoubou in the Central Cameroon region. Numerous works on agroecosystems of Central and South Cameroon, few have come out contribution of the structure of these traditional systems in the dynamics of the vegetation of these forest-savannah ecotones. The present contribution has the overall objective of demonstrating the structural efficiency of agroforests the dynamics of ecotone vegetation, but also in the conservation of biodiversity. To do this, a participatory analysis was carried out with 56 farmers distributed in the five villages of makénéné. Botanical inventories supplemented socio-economic household surveys. The data collected was subjected to various analyzes (univariate test, analysis of variance, multivariate test, PCA, CAH). The results reveal that 55.2% of agroforests are less than 15 years old and those with an area greater than 1500 m2 predominate (33%). They are mainly young with generally small surface areas. The horizontal structure reveals that the largest diameter classes are those of [20 - 30 cm[ and [10 - 20 cm[ with a very low rate of basal area. Agroforests with trees over 10 m high are dominant in five villages of makénéné. Two types of structural profiles characterize the agroforestry flora of the area, namely intensive pluristratified home gardens on savannah and intensive pluristratified agroforests under forest-savannah transition vegetation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Ascending Hierarchical Clustering (HAC) show three Agroforest Clusters each. The PCA distribution reveals that woody biomass (Y) is strongly correlated with tree diameter (DBH) and significantly with height (Cluster 2). The age (AAG) (Cluster 1) of these agroforests, on the other hand, remains independent of the density (DST) of these trees (Cluster 3). The agroforests in the Nyokon, Carrière and mocksud vil

关键词： Agroforests Agroecosystem Center Cameroon Dynamics Agroecology Typology

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