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Transmission of amyloid-βpathology in humans:a perspective on clinical evidence

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Neural r.g.neration research 2024年第2期19卷 390-392页

作者： Celso S.g.Catumbela rodr.g. Morales Department of Neurology McGovern Medical SchoolThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada(CIBQA) Universidad Bernardo O’HigginsSantiagoChile

Transmission of misfolded amyloid-β(Aβ)aggr.g.tes between human subjects:Protein misfolding disorders are a family of diseases characterized by the accumulation of misfolded protein *** proteinaceous structures,also known as amyloids,are key drivers of fatal neurodegenerative disorders such as prion diseases,Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,and others.

关键词： amyloid diseases Aβ

Changes in snow cover extent in the Central Taurus Mountains from 1981 to 2021 in relation to temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric teleconnections

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 49-67页

作者： Ecmel ErLAT Fulya AYDIN-KANDEMİr Department of geography Ege UniversityIzmir 35100Türkiye Climate Change and Zero Waste Department Antalya Metropolitan MunicipalityAntalya 07310Türkiye Hydropolitics Association Ankara 06680Türkiye

The snow cover over the Taurus Mountains affects water supply, agriculture, and hydropower.g.neration in the r.g.on. In this study, we analyzed the monthly Snow Cover Extent(SCE) from November to April in the Central Taurus Mountains(Bolkar, Aladaglar, Tahtali and Binboga Mountains) from 1981 to 2021. Linear trends of snow cover season(November to April) over the last 41 years showed decreases in SCE primarily at lower elevations. The downward trend in SCE was found to be more pronounced and statistically significant for only November and March. SCE in the Central Taurus Mountains has declined about-6.3% per decade for 2500-3000 m in November and about-6.0% per decade for 1000-1500 m and 3000+ m in March over the last 41 years. The loss of SCE has become evident since the 2000s, and the lowest negative anomalies in SCE have been observed in 2014, 2001, and 2007 in the last 41 years, which are consistent with an increase in air temperature and decreased precipitation. SCE was correlated with both mean temperature and precipitation, with temperature having a greater relative importance at all elevated gradients. results showed that there is a strong linear relationship between SCE and the mean air temperature(r =-0.80) and precipitation(r = 0.44) for all elevated gradients during the snow season. The Arctic Oscillation(AO), the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and the Mediterranean Oscillation(MO) winter indices were used to explain the year-to-year variability in SCE over the Central Taurus Mountains. The results showed that the inter-annual variability observed in the winter SCE on the Central Taurus Mountains was positively correlated with the phases of the winter AO, NAO and MO, especially below 2000 m elevation.

关键词： Snow cover extent Atmospheric teleconnection Central Taurus Mountains Air temperature and precipitation geographic Information Systems Türkiye

Features of sampling stream sediments of large river valleys under cryolithogenesis conditions in the Balygychan-Sugoy trough,North-East of russia

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Acta geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 638-660页

作者： Artem S.Makshakov raisa g.Kravtsova A.P.Vinogradov Institute of geochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesFavorskiy Str 1AIrkutskRussia 664033

Comprehensive research has been implemented to raise the efficiency of the geochemical survey of stream sediments(SSs)that formed under the cryolithogenesis *** authors analysed the composition,structure and specific features of the formation of exogenous anomalous geochemical fields(AgFs)identified through SSs of large river valleys of IV *** our case,these were the valleys of Maly Ken,Ken and Tap *** rivers are located in the central and southern parts of the Balygychan-Sugoy trough enclosed in the Magadan r.g.on,North-East of *** authors proposed a new technique to sample loose alluvium of SSs in the large river valleys along the *** profiles were located across the *** AgFs of Au,Ag,Pb,Zn,Sn,Bi,Mo and W were *** between elements have been *** elements are the main indicator elements of Au-Ag,Ag-Pb,Sn-Ag,Mo-W and Sn-W mineralization occurring on the sites under *** results obtained were compared with the results of geochemical surveys of *** is concluded that the AgFs recognized along the profiles reflect the composition and structure of eroded and drained ore zones,uncover completely and precisely the pattern of element distribution in loose sediments of large water *** alluvium fractiongnificant in a practical sense,as it concentrated numerous ore *** of this fraction in the river valleys of IV order does not cause any difficulty,for this kind of material is *** developed technique of alluvium sampling within large river valleys is efficient in searching for diverse mineralization at all stages of pr.g.ostic *** is applicable for.g.ochemical survey of SSs performed at different scales both in the North-East of russia,as well as other r.g.ons with similar climatic conditions,where the SSs are formed under the cryolithogenesis conditions.

关键词： Stream sediments Large river valleys geochemical fields Mineralization Indicator elements geochemical survey

resident immune responses to spinal cord injury:role of astrocytes and micr.g.ia

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Neural r.g.neration research 2024年第8期19卷 1678-1685页

作者： Sydney Brockie Cindy Zhou Michael g.Fehlings Division of genetics and Development Krembil Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Institute of Medical Science University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Division of Neurosurgery and Spine Pr.g.am Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Spinal cord injury can be traumatic or non-traumatic in or.g.n,with the latter rising in incidence and prevalence with the aging demographics of our *** r,as the global population ages,individuals with co-existent degenerative spinal pathology comprise a growing number of traumatic spinal cord injury cases,especially involving the cervical spinal *** makes recovery and treatment approaches particula rly challenging as age and comorbidities may limit r.g.nerative *** these reasons,it is critical to better understand the complex milieu of spinal cord injury lesion pathobiology and the ensuing inflammatory *** review discusses micr.g.ia-specific purinergic and cytokine signaling pathways,as well as micr.g.ial modulation of synaptic stability and plasticity after ***,we evaluate the role of astrocytes in neurotransmission and calcium signaling,as well as their border-forming response to neural *** the inflammatory and reparative roles of these cells have eluded our complete understanding and remain key therapeutic targets due to their extensive structural and functional roles in the nervous *** advances have shed light on the roles of glia in neurotransmission and reparative injury responses that will change how interventions are *** key processes and existing knowledge gaps will allow future research to effectively target these cells and harness their r.g.nerative potential.

关键词： astrocytes glial signaling micr.g.ia spinal cord injury synaptic transmission

Coupled Inversion of Pressure and Tiltmeter Data for Mapping Hydraulic Fracture geometry

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第3期37卷 396-405页

作者： Zuorong Chen Xiaofang Jiang Zhejun Pan robert g.Jeffrey National Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqing163318China SCT Operation Pty.Ltd. PO Box 824WollongongNSW2520Australia

Pressure and tilt data are jointly inverted to simultaneously map the orientation and dimensions of a hydraulic *** deformation induced by a fracture under internal pressure is modeled using the distributed dislocation *** planar fracture is represented by four quarter ellipses,joined at the center and sharing *** configuration provides a straightforward model for characterizing asymmetric fracture *** inverse problem of mapping the fracture geometry is formulated using the Bayesian probabilistic method,combining the a priori information on the fracture model with updated information from pressure and tilt *** the nonlinear inverse problem is achieved by pseudo-randomly sampling the posterior probability distribution through the Markov chain Monte Carlo *** resulting posterior probability distribution is then explored to assess uncertainty,resolution,and correlation between model *** experiments are conducted to verify the accuracy and validity of the proposed analysis method in mapping the fracture geometry using synthetic pressure and tilt data.

关键词： Hydraulic fracture mapping Coupled inversion Tilt Treating pressure

Neur.g.nic potential of Ng2 in neurotrauma:a systematic review

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Neural r.g.neration research 2024年第12期19卷 2673-2683页

作者： Yuri r.r.g. radharani Benvenutti Luis V.Portela Nathan r.Str.g.lski Departamento de Bioquímica Instituto de Ciências Básicas da SaúdeUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences RCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublinIreland School of Biochemistry and Immunology Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinUniversity of DublinDublinIreland

r.g.nerative approaches towards neuronal loss following traumatic brain or spinal cord injury have long been considered a dogma in neuroscience and remain a cutting-edge area of *** is reflected in a large disparity between the number of studies investigating primary and secondary injury as therapeutic to rgets in spinal co rd and traumatic brain *** advances in biotechnology may have the potential to reshape the current state-of-the-art and bring focus to primary injury neurotrauma *** studies using neural-glial factor/antigen 2(Ng2)cells indicate that they may differentiate into neurons even in the developed *** these cells show great potential to play a r.g.nerative role,studies have been conducted to test various manipulations in neurotrauma models aimed at eliciting a neur.g.nic response from *** the present study,we systematically reviewed the experimental protocols and findings described in the scientific literature,which were peer-reviewed or.g.nal research articles(1)describing preclinical experimental studies,(2)investigating Ng2 cells,(3)associated with neur.g.nesis and neurotrauma,and(4)in vitro and/or in vivo,available in PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science or SCOPUS,from 1998 to ***,we have reviewed a total of 1504 papers,and summarized findings that ultimately suggest that Ng2 cells possess an inducible neur.g.nic potential in animal models and in *** also discriminate findings of Ng2 neur.g.nesis promoted by different pharmacological and genetic approaches over functional and biochemical outcomes of traumatic brain injury and spinal co rd injury models,and provide mounting evidence for the potential benefits of manipulated Ng2 cell ex vivo transplantation in primary injury *** findings indicate the feasibility of Ng2 cell neur.g.nesis strategies and add new players in the development of therapeutic alternatives for neurotrauma.

关键词： neural-glial antigen 2 neural-glial factor 2 neuron differentiation Ng2 cell r.g.neration spinal cord injury(SCI) traumatic brain injury(TBI)

Proton-neutron symplectic model description of ^(106)Cd

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 169-179页

作者： H.g.ganev Joint Institute for Nuclear research DubnaRussia Institute of Mechanics Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria

In this study,a microscopic shell-model description of the low-lying collective states in the weakly deformed nucleus ^(106)Cd within the recently proposed microscopic version of the Bohr-Mottelson model is provided.A good description of the excitation energies of the lowest ground,γ,andβquasibands is obtained without the adjustable kinetic energy ***,γdegrees of freedom are shown to play a crucial role in the description of spectroscopy of this nucleus.A modified SU(3)SU(3)preserving high-order interaction is used to produce aγ-unstable type of odd-even staggering,observed experimentally between the states of the quasi-γ*** current approach enables the characterization of observed intraband and interband quadrupole *** findings of this study propose an alternative interpretation of the fundamental question r.g.rding the nature of low-energy vibrations,as well as the emergence of deformation and collectivity in weakly deformed atomic nuclei.

关键词： shell-model version of the Bohr-Mottelson model proton-neutron symplectic model Sp(12,r)dynamical algebra quadrupole dynamics

Compression properties of cost-efficient porous expanded clay reinforced AA7075 syntactic foams fabricated by industrial-oriented die casting technology

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 60-70页

作者： İsmail Cem Akgün Çağın Bolat Ali gökşenli Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Istanbul Technical University34437İstanbulTurkey Faculty of Engineering Samsun University55420SamsunTurkey

In today’s manufacturing industries,hard competition between rival firms makes it compulsory for researchers to design lighter and cheaper machine components due to the megatrends of cost-effectiveness and *** this point,aluminum syntactic foams(ASFs)are new-generation engineering composites and come into the upfront as a *** to their features like low density,sufficient elongation,and perfect energy absorption ability,these advanced foams have been considerably seductive for many industrial sectors *** this study,an industrial-oriented automatic die casting technology was used for the first time to manufacture the combination of AA7075/porous expanded clay(PEC).Micro evaluations(optical and FESEM)reveal that there is a homogenous particle distribution in the foam samples,and inspections are compatible with the other ASF ***,T6 aging heat treatment was operated on one half of the produced foams to explore the probable impact of aging on the compressive *** results show that PEC particles can be an alternative to expensive hollow spheres used in the previous ***,a favorable relationship is ascertained between the aging treatment and mechanical properties such as compression strength and plateau strength.

关键词： die casting porous materials metal matrix sytanctic foams expanded clay compressive deformation

Parametric investigation on the novel and cost-effective nano fly ash impr.g.ated geopolymer system for sustainable construction

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 170-183页

作者： r.MOHANA S.M.Leela BHArATHI Department of Civil Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering CollegeSivakasi 626123India

The hazardous environmental effects of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change demand alternative sources for cementitious materials in the construction *** development of geopolymer structures provides a way of producing 100%cement-free *** this research work,a novel and simple way of deriving nano particles from waste fly ash particles is *** effect of adding the synthesized nano fly ash particles as a filler medium in geopolymer mortars was investigated by considering strength and durability *** optimization was done by using r.g.ession analysis on the geopolymer mortar and the impact of adding nano fly ash particles was studied by varying different percentages of addition ranging from 0 to 7.5%by weight of binder *** the results,it was observed that 1%nano fly ash acted not only as a filler but also as nano-sized precursors of the polymerization process,resulting in denser.g.opolymer *** can explain the extraordinary gain in strength of 72.11 MPa as well as the denser core with negligible level of chloride ion penetration,making the material suitable for the development of structures susceptible to marine environment.

关键词： geopolymer nano fly ash chloride ion penetration durability polymerization fillers