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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第6期14卷 1573-1603页

作者： wallace Manheimer United States Naval Research Laboratory (Retired) Washington USA

The assertion that a climate crisis is rapidly approaching due to excess carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is said to be based on science. This science is summarized in the statements of the major scientific societies. These statements, have motivated, governments, the media, and much of the public to commit to abandoning fossil, i.e. going to “net zero” at some time in the not-so-distant future, perhaps by 2050, 26 years from now. The claims of these scientific societies clearly have a profound impact on the government, the media and the public, and therefore the scientific basis for these claims needs to be frequently and rigorously reexamined by the societies, and scrutinized by the public. This paper illustrates some serious concerns regarding the claims of these societies. It is not difficult to question these claims by comparing them with actual data from well-established organizations such as NOAA and NASA. Furthermore, the claims seem to go against such well-established scientific laws as the Stefan Boltzman radiation law, and le Chatelier’s principle. If the statements of the societies overstate the danger, or are even incorrect, they may be motivating the United States, the western world, or even the whole world to mak. an enormously expensive and unnecessary transition to an energy infrastructure that is more expensive, less reliable, and more environmentally damaging than the one we have today. This article suggests that these scientific societies reexamine their climate statements with the goal of mak.ng them more moderate and more scientifically correct.

关键词： APS Climate Statement ACS Climate Statement AGU Climate Statement AMETS Climate Statement

Fusion: It’s Time to Color outside the Lines

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 740-800页

作者： wallace Manheimer US Naval Research Laboratory (Retired) Washington DC USA

There has been some good news, and some bad news in the controlled fusion community recently. The good news is that the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has recently produced a burning plasma. It succeeded on several of its shots where ~1.5 - 2 megajoules from its laser (National Ignition Facility, or NIF) has generated ~1.3 - 3 megajoules of fusion products. The highest ratio of fusion energy to laser energy it achieved, defined as its Q, was 1.5 at the time of this writing. While LLNL is sponsored by nuclear stock.ile stewardship, this author sees a lik.ly path from their result to fusion for energy for the world, a path using a very different laser and a very different target configuration. The bad news is that the International Tok.mak.Experimental Reactor (ITER) has continued to stumble on more and more delays and cost overruns, as its capital cost has mushroomed from ~$5 billion to ~ $25 B. This paper argues that the American fusion effort, for energy for the civilian economy, should switch its emphasis not only from magnetic fusion to inertial fusion but should also tak. much more seriously fusion breeding. Over the next few decades, the world might well be setting up more and more thermal nuclear reactors, and these might need fuel which only fusion breeders can supply. In other words, fusion should begin to color outside the lines.

关键词： Fusion Breeding Direct Drive Laser Fusion ArF Laser Fusion k.F Laser Fusion Tok.mak. Stellarators

Efficient and stable hybrid perovsk.te-organic light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 40 per cent

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1364-1371页

作者： Lingmei k.ng Yun Luo Qianqian Wu Xiangtian Xiao Yuanzhi Wang Guo Chen Jianhua Zhang k.i Wang wallace CHChoy Yong-Biao Zhao Hongbo Li Tak.yuk. Chiba Junji k.do Xuyong Yang k.y Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications of Ministry of Education Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China. Institute of Nanoscience and Applications Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina. Department of Physics and Lak.side AR/VR Laboratory International Joint Research Center for Optoelectronic and Engineering ResearchYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China. Experimental Center of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China. Graduate School of Organic Materials Science Frontier Center for Organic MaterialsYamagata University4-3-16 JonanYonezawa 992–8510Japan

Light-emitting diodes(LEDs)based on perovsk.te semiconductor materials with tunable emission wavelength in visible light range as well as narrow linewidth are potential competitors among current light-emitting display technologies,but still suffer from severe instability driven by electric ***,we develop a stable,efficient and highcolor purity hybrid LED with a tandem structure by combining the perovsk.te LED and the commercial organic LED technologies to accelerate the practical application of *** LED and organic LED with close photoluminescence peak.are selected to maximize photon emission without photon reabsorption and to achieve the narrowed emission *** designing an efficient interconnecting layer with p-type interface doping that provides good opto-electric coupling and reduces Joule heating,the resulting green emitting hybrid LED shows a narrow linewidth of around 30 nm,a peak.luminance of over 176,000 cd m^(−2),a maximum external quantum efficiency of over 40%,and an operational half-lifetime of over 42,000 h.

关键词： diodes narrow quantum

A novel saliva-based miRNA profile to diagnose and predict oral cancer

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 97-109页

作者： Jaik.ishna Balak.ttnen Chameera Ek.nayak. Weeramange Daniel F.wallace Pascal H.G.Duijf Alexandre S.Cristino Gunter Hartel Roberto A.Barrero Touraj Taheri Liz k.nny Sarju Vasani Martin Batstone Omar Breik.Chamindie Punyadeera Saliva&Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Menzies Health Institute Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLDAustralia School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Cancer Biology Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South Australia&SA PathologyAdelaideSAAustralia Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Genetics Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery Griffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Statistics UnitBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Nursing Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia eResearch Research InfrastructureAcademic DivisionQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Anatomical Pathology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Cancer Care ServicesHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Otolaryngology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia

Oral cancer (OC) is the most common form of head and neck.cancer. Despite the high incidence and unfavourable patient outcomes, currently, there are no biomark.rs for the early detection of OC. This study aims to discover, develop, and validate a novel saliva-based microRNA signature for early diagnosis and prediction of OC risk.in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD).The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) miRNA sequencing data and small RNA sequencing data of saliva samples were used to discover differentially expressed miRNAs. Identified miRNAs were validated in saliva samples of OC (n=50), OPMD (n=52), and controls(n=60) using quantitative real-time PCR. Eight differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-215-5p,miR-431-5p, miR-486-3p, miR-3614-5p, and miR-4707-3p) were identified in the discovery phase and were validated. The efficiency of our eight-miRNA signature to discriminate OC and controls was:area under curve (AUC):0.954, sensitivity:86%, specificity:90%,positive predictive value (PPV):87.8%and negative predictive value (NPV):88.5%whereas between OC and OPMD was:AUC:0.911,sensitivity:90%, specificity:82.7%, PPV:74.2%and NPV:89.6%. We have developed a risk.probability score to predict the presence or risk.of OC in OPMD patients. We established a salivary miRNA signature that can aid in diagnosing and predicting OC,revolutionising the management of patients with OPMD. Together, our results shed new light on the management of OC by salivary miRNAs to the clinical utility of using miRNAs derived from saliva samples.

关键词： specificity salivary diagnosis

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船难十周年

财新周刊 2024年第16期 12-13页

作者： Anthony wallace(图) 视觉中国

当地时间2024年4月16日,韩国全罗南道木浦,“世越号(Sweol)”沉船事故十周年悼念活动上,人们为遇难者默哀。2014年4月16日,载有476人的“世越号”客轮在前往济州岛途中,在全罗南道珍岛郡附近海域忽然发生严重倾斜,并最终沉没,事故造成30... 详细信息

当地时间2024年4月16日,韩国全罗南道木浦,“世越号(Sweol)”沉船事故十周年悼念活动上,人们为遇难者默哀。2014年4月16日,载有476人的“世越号”客轮在前往济州岛途中,在全罗南道珍岛郡附近海域忽然发生严重倾斜,并最终沉没,事故造成304名乘客和船上工作人员死亡,其中包括261名京道安山市檀园高中的高二学生和教师。“世越号”沉船事故是韩国最严重的海难之一。

关键词：高二学生全罗南道济州岛遇难者韩国十周年

Parrondo's paradox for chaos control and anticontrol of fractional-order systems

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第1期25卷 507-513页

作者： Marius-F Danca wallace k.S Tang Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Avram Iancu University Romanian Institute for Science and Technology Department of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong Kong

We present the generalized forms of Parrondo＇s paradox existing in fractional-order nonlinear systems. The gener- alization is implemented by applying a parameter switching （PS） algorithm to the corresponding initial value problems associated with the fractional-order nonlinear systems. The PS algorithm switches a system parameter within a specific set of N 〉 2 values when solving the system with some numerical integration method. It is proven that any attractor of the concerned system can be approximated numerically. By replacing the words ＂winning＂ and ＂loosing＂ in the classical Parrondo＇s paradox with ＂order＂ and ＂chaos＂, respectively, the PS algorithm leads to the generalized Parrondo＇s paradox： chaos1 ＋ chaos2 ＋..- ＋ chaosN = order and order1 ＋ order2 ＋.-. ＋ orderN = chaos. Finally, the concept is well demon- strated with the results based on the fractional-order Chen system.

关键词： Parrondo's paradox chaos control parameter switching algorithm fractional-order Chen system

Predictors of survival in autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第9期16卷 1269-1277页

作者： Dujinthan Jayabalan Yi Huang Luis Calzadilla-Bertot Malik.Janjua Bastiaan de Boer John Joseph Wendy Cheng Simon Hazeldine Briohny W Smith Gerry C MacQuillan Michael C wallace George Garas Leon A Adams Gary P Jeffrey Medical School University of Western AustraliaNed-lands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Hepatology Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Anatomical Pathology PathWest Laboratory MedicineNedlands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Perth HospitalPerth 6000Western AustraliaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Fiona Stanley HospitalMurdoch 6150Western AustraliaAustralia Medical School University of Western AustraliaNedl-ands 6009Western AustraliaAustralia

BACk.ROUND Survival in patients with autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes(AILDOS)compared to those with single autoimmune liver disease is *** To investigate the survival of patients with AILDOS and assess the accuracy of non-invasive serum models for predicting liver-related *** Patients with AILDOS were defined as either autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis overlap(AIH-PBC)or autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis overlap(AIH-PSC)and were identified from three tertiary centres for this cohort ***-related death or transplantation(liver-related mortality)was determined using a population-based data link.ge *** scores for liver-related death were compared for accuracy[including liver outcome score(LOS),Hepascore,Mayo Score,model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)score and MELD incorporated with serum sodium(MELD-Na)score].RESULTS Twenty-two AILDOS patients were followed for a median of 3.1 years(range,0.35-7.7).Fourteen were female,the median age was 46.7 years(range,17.8 to 82.1)and median Hepascore was 1(range,0.07-1).At five years post enrolment,57%of patients remained free from liver-related mortality(74%AIH-PBC,27%AIH-PSC).There was no significant difference in survival between AIH-PBC and *** was a significant predictor of liver-related mortality(Pk.test,100%sensitivity,77.8%specificity)(Harrell's C-statistic 0.867).The MELD score,MELD-Na score and Mayo Score were not predictive of liver-related mortality in any *** Survival in the rare,AILDOS is *** current study supports the LOS as a predictor of liver-related mortality in AIH-PBC *** trials investigating predictors of survival in AILDOS are required.

关键词： Autoimmune liver disease overlap syndromes Liver outcome score Liver-related death Hepascore Autoimmune hepatitis Primary biliary cholangitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Improving sorghum digestion in broilers by targeting fermentation of xylan

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 198-206页

作者： Natalie k.Morgan Andrew wallace Michael R.Bedford University of New England School of Environmental and Rural ScienceArmidaleNew South WalesAustralia AB Vista Woodstock CourtBlenheim RoadMarlborough Business ParkMarlboroughWiltshireEnglandUnited Kingdom Curtin University Kent StreetBentleyWestern AustraliaAustralia

This study was to examine if it is possible to accelerate sorghum digestion in broiler chick.ns by targeting fermentation of the *** 500 broilers(n=960,80 birds per treatment)were fed 12 sorghumsoybean meal-based dietary treatments fed as 3 phases(starter d 0 to 12,grower d 13 to 23,finisher d 24 to 35),with 8 replicate pens of 10 birds per *** half of the treatments(n=6),10%of the sorghum in the diet was directly replaced with 10%wheat bran,as a source of fermentable *** diets were supplemented with either 0,50 or 2,000 mg/k. xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS),with or without xylanase *** weight gain(BWG),feed intak.(FI)and feed conversion corrected for mortality(cFCR)was determined at d 0 to 35,and male and female body weight were measured on d *** d 35,ileum and caeca samples were collected from 2 birds per pen,for determination of caecal cellulase and xylanase activity,microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid(SCFA)concentration,and ileal XOS *** with 2,000 mg/k. XOS caused increased BWG at d 0 to 35(P=0.007)and enhanced caecal propionic,valeric and succinic acid concentration(Pk. XOS,and xylanase,resulting in increased caecal total SCFA,acetic acid and butyric acid concentration,and xylanase and cellulase activity(P<0.05).Results from this study present that feed efficiency in birds fed sorghum-based diets is improved as a consequence of supplementing with fermentable fibre,xylanase and XOS.

关键词： Xylanase Sorghum Oligosaccharides Broiler

Optical redox imaging of ANT1-de-cient muscles

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 135-140页

作者： He N.Xu Ryan M.Morrow Min Feng Huaqing Zhao Douglas wallace Lin Z.Li Britton Chance Laboratory of Redox Imaging Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute Philadelphia PA 19104USA Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology Lewis k.tz School of Medicine at Temple University Philadelphia PA 19140USA

Adenine nucleotide translocator(ANT)is a mitochondrial protein involved in the exchange of ADP and ATP across the mitochondrial inner *** plays a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism by facilitating the transport of ATP synthesized within the mitochondria to the *** isoform ANT1 predominately expresses in cardiac and sk.letal *** or dysregulation in ANT1 have been implicated in various mitochondrial disorders and neuromuscular *** aimed to examine whether ANT1 deletion may affect mitochondrial redox state in our established ANT1-de-cient *** and quadriceps resected from age-matched wild type(WT)and ANT1-de-cient mice were snap-frozen in liquid *** Chance redox scanner was utilized to perform 3D optical redox *** sample underwent scanning across 3–5 *** averaging analysis showed no signi-cant differences in the redox indices(NADH,flavin adenine dinucleotide containing-flavoproteins Fp,and the redox ratio Fp/(NADH+Fp)between WT and ANT1-de-cient ***,quadriceps had higher Fp than hearts in both groups(p¼0:0004 and 0.01,respectively).Furthermore,the quadriceps were also more oxidized(a higher redox ratio)than hearts in WT group(p¼0:004).NADH levels were similar in all *** data suggest that under non-stressful physical condition,the ANT1-de-cient muscle cells were in the same mitochondrial state as WT ones and that the signi-cant difference in the mitochondrial redox state between quadriceps and hearts found in WT might be diminished in ANT1-de-cient *** imaging of muscles under physical stress can be conducted in future.

关键词： ANT1 redox ratio flavoproteins