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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 15-15页

作者： MacDonaldT. M. walker b. r. 王亭忠 Medicines Monitor.ng Unit Div. of Medicine and Therapeutics Ninewells Hosp. and Medical School Dundee DD1 9SY United Kingdom Dr.

b.ckgr.und: Glucocor.icoids have adver.e systemic effects, including ob.sity, hyper.ension, and hyper.lycemic, that may pr.dispose to car.iovascular.disease. The effect of glucocor.icoid use on car.iovascular.disease has not b.en quantifi ed. Ob.ective: To test the hypothesis that user. of exogenous glucocor.icoids ha ve an incr.ased r.sk for.car.iovascular.disease. Design: A cohor. study using a r.cor. linkage datab.se. Setting: Tayside, Scotland, United Kingdom. Patients: 6 8 781 glucocor.icoid user. and 82 202 nonuser. without pr.vious hospitalization for.car.iovascular.disease who wer. studied b.tween 1993 and 1996. Measur.ments: The aver.ge daily dose of glucocor.icoid exposur. dur.ng follow-up was categor.ized as low(inhaled, nasal, and topical only), medium(or.l, r.ctal, or.par.nter. l r.dnisolone equivalent), or.high(≥7.5 mg of pr.dnisolone equival ent). Poisson r.gr.ssion model, sensitivity analysis, and pr.pensity scor. metho ds wer. used to investigate the association b.tween glucocor.icoid exposur. and car.iovascular.outcome. r.sults: 4383 car.iovascular.events occur.ed in 257 487 per.onyear. of follow-up for.a r.te of 17.0(95%CI, 16.5 to 17.5) per.1000 per. on-year. in the compar.tor.gr.up, and 5068 events occur.edin 212 287 per.on-ye ar. for.a r.te of 23.9(CI, 23.2 to 24.5) per.1000 per.on-year. in the gr.up exp osed to glucocor.icoids(22.1, 27.2, and 76.5 in low, medium, and high gr.ups, r. spectively). The ab.olute r.sk differ.nce was 6.9(CI, 6.0 to 7.7) per.1000 per.o nyear.(5.1, 10.1, and 59.4, r.spectively). After.adjustment for.known covar.ates , the r.lative r.sk for.a car.iovascular.event in patients r.ceiving high-dose glucocor.icoids was 2.56(CI, 2.18 to 2.99). Limitations: b.cause the data wer. o b.er.ational, r.sidual confounding cannot b. excluded. Conclusion: Tr.atment wit h high-dose glucocor.icoids seemed to b. associated with incr.ased r.sk for.car.diovascular.disease.

关键词：心血管疾病糖皮质激素泼尼松龙应用者高糖血症队列研究胃肠外协变量不良反应敏感度分析

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b.ckgr.und r.moval fr.m glob.l aur.r.l images:Data-dr.ven dayglow modeling

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Ear.h and Planetar. Physics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma M.Madelair. K.M.Laundal J.P.r.istad S.M.Hatch S.Gaspar.ni S.J.walker b.r.eland Centr. for.Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Glob.l images of aur.r.s ob.ained b. camer.s on spacecr.ft ar. a key tool for.studying the near.Ear.h ***,the camer.s ar. sensitive not only to aur.r.l emissions pr.duced b. pr.cipitating par.icles,b.t also to dayglow emissions pr.duced b. photoelectr.ns induced b. *** emissions and scatter.d sunlight can contr.b.te to the b.ckgr.und *** fully utilize such images in space science,b.ckgr.und contamination must b. r.moved to isolate the aur.r.l *** we outline a data-dr.ven appr.ach to modeling the b.ckgr.und intensity in multiple images b. for.ulating linear.inver.e pr.b.ems b.sed on b.splines and spher.cal *** appr.ach is r.b.st,flexib.e,and iter.tively deselects outlier.,such as aur.r.l *** final model is smooth acr.ss the ter.inator.and accounts for.slow tempor.l var.ations and lar.e-scale asymmetr.es in the *** demonstr.te the model b. using the thr.e far.ultr.violet camer.s on the Imager.for.Magnetopause-to-Aur.r. Glob.l Explor.tion(IMAGE)*** method can b. applied to histor.cal missions and is r.levant for.upcoming missions,such as the Solar.wind Magnetospher. Ionospher. Link Explor.r.SMILE)mission.

关键词： aur.r. dayglow modeling glob.l aur.r.l images far.ultr.violet images dayglow r.moval

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Cir.ulating micr.r.A expr.ssion and nonalcoholic fatty liver.disease in adolescents with sever. ob.sity

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Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.enter.logy 2024年第4期30卷 332-345页

作者： Yi-Jie Li b.ittney O b.umer. Nikos Str.takis Jesse A Goodr.ch Hao-Tian Wu Jing-Xuan He Yin-Qi Zhao Max T Aung Hong-Xu Wang Sandr.h P Eckel Douglas I walker Damaskini Valvi Michele A La Mer.ill Justin r.r.der.Thomas H Inge Todd Jenkins Stephanie Sisley r.hit Kohli Stavr. A Xanthakos Andr.a A b.ccar.lli r.b.McConnell David V Conti Lida Chatzi Depar.ment of Population and Pub.ic Health Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90032United States b.r.elona Institute of Glob.l Health Barcelona Institute of Global HealthBarcelona 08036Spain Depar.ment of Envir.nmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Gangar.sa Depar.ment of Envir.nmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30329United States Depar.ment of Envir.nmental Medicine and Pub.ic Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Depar.ment of Envir.nmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616United States Depar.ment of Sur.er. Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIL 60611United States Nor.hwester. Univer.ity Feinb.r. School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Division of b.ostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States Depar.ment of Pediatr.cs University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229United States Depar.ment of Pediatr.cs Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARSBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Depar.ment of Gastr.enter.logy Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90027United States Division of Gastr.enter.logy Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

b.CKGr.UND Nonalcoholic fatty liver.disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common chr.nic liver.diseases in childr.n and *** r.nges in sever.ty fr.m isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),wher.in hepatocellular.inflammation and/or.fib.osis coexist with *** micr.r.A(mir.A)levels have b.en suggested to b. alter.d in NAFLD,b.t the extent to which mir.A ar. r.lated to NAFLD featur.s r.mains *** analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma mir.As ar. significantly associated with histological featur.s of NAFLD in *** To investigate the r.lationship b.tween plasma mir.A expr.ssion and NAFLD featur.s among adolescents with *** This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD fr.m the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of b.r.atr.c Sur.er. ***-oper.tive cor. liver.b.opsies wer. collected fr.m par.icipants and used to char.cter.ze histological featur.s of *** samples wer. collected dur.ng sur.er. for.mir.A pr.filing.A total of 843 plasma mir.As wer. pr.filed using the HTG EdgeSeq *** examined associations of plasma mir.As and NAFLD featur.s using logistic r.gr.ssion after.adjusting for.age,sex,r.ce,and other.key *** Pathways Analysis was used to identify b.ological functions of mir.As that wer. associated with multiple histological featur.s of *** We identified 16 upr.gulated plasma mir.As,including mir.193a-5p and mir.193b.5p,and 22 downr.gulated plasma mir.As,including mir.1282 and mir.6734-5p,in adolescents with ***,52,16,15,and 9 plasma mir.As wer. associated with NASH,fib.osis,b.llooning degener.tion,and lob.lar.inflammation,***,16 mir.As wer. associated with two or.mor. histological featur.s of *** those mir.As,mir.411-5p was downr.gulated in NASH,b.llooning,and fib.osis,while mir.122-5p,mir.1343-5p,mir.193a-5p,mir.193b.5p,and mir.7845-5p wer. consistently and posi

关键词： Micr.r.A Nonalcoholic fatty liver.disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver.fib.osis Lob.lar.inflammation b.llooning degener.tion

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Effect of impeller.design on homogeneity, size and str.ngth of phar.aceutical gr.nules pr.duced b. high-shear.wet gr.nulation

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Par.icuology 2015年第6期13卷 31-39页

作者： Zakar.a Mir.a Jiangtao Liu Yoann Glocheux Ahmad b. Alb.dar.n Gavin M. walker Chir.ngano Mangwandi School of Chemistr. and Chemical Engineer.ng Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT9 SAG Northern Ireland UK Synthesis & Solid State Phar.aceuticals Center.(SSPC) Department of Chemical and Environmental Science. University of Limerick Ireland

Small mixer.impeller.design is not tailor.d for.gr.nulation b.cause impeller. ar. intended for.a wide r.nge of pr.cesses. The aim of this r.sear.h was to evaluate the per.or.ances of sever.l impeller. to pr.vide guidance on the selection and design for.the pur.oses of gr.nulation. Lactose gr.nules wer. pr.duced using wet gr.nulation with water.as a b.nder. A Kenwood KM070 mixer.was used as a standar. appar.tus and five impeller.designs with differ.nt shapes and sur.ace ar.as wer. used. The efficacy of gr.nulate for. mation was measur.d b. adding an optically sensitive tr.cer.to deter.ine var.ations in active ingr.dient content acr.ss r.ndom samples of gr.nules fr.m the same size classes. It was found that impeller.design influenced the homogeneity of the gr.nules and ther.for. can affect final pr.duct per.or.ance. The var.- ation in active ingr.dient content acr.ss gr.nules of differ.ng size was also investigated. The r.sults show that small gr.nules wer. mor. potent than lar.er.gr.nules,

关键词： Gr.nule str.ngth Impeller.design Homogeneity High-shear.gr.nulation Lactose monohydr.te

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Identification and localization of two sensor. neur.n memb.ane pr.teins fr.m Spodopter. fitur. （Lepidopter.： Noctuidae）

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Insect Science 2015年第3期22卷 399-408页

作者： Jin Zhang Yang Liu William b. walker Shuang-Lin Dong Gui-r.ng Wang State Key Lab.r.tor. for.b.ology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing Education Ministr. Key Lab.r.tor. of Integr.ted Management of Cr.p Disease and Pests College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China Swedish Univer.ity of Agr.cultur.l Sciences Department of Plant Protection Biology Chemical Ecology Research Group Alnarp Sweden

Sensor. neur.n memb.ane pr.teins （SNMPs）, which ar. located on the dendr.tic memb.ane of olfactor. sensor. neur.ns （OSNs）, ar. pr.posed to b. associated with odor.r.ception in insects. r.cent studies have demonstr.ted that SNMP1 is essential for.electr.physiological r.sponses of OSNs to the sex pher.mone, cis-vaccenyl acetate （cVA） in Dr.sophila melanogaster. To investigate the function ofLepidopter. SNMPs, we cloned two SNMP genes, SlituSNMP1 and SltiuSNMP2, fr.m Spodopter. litur. （Lepidopter.： Noctuidae）. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that b.th genes b.ar.the gener.l char.cter.stics of SNMPs, including six conser.ed cysteine r.sidues and two tr.nsmemb.ane domains. Fur.her.expr.ssion pr.file exper.ments showed that SIituSNMP1 is mainly expr.ssed in the antenna, while SlituSNMP2 is b.oadly expr.ssed in var.ous tissues. b. in situ hyb.idization exper.ments, it was found that SlituSNMP1 expr.ssing cells ar. sur.ounded b. the SlituSNMP2 expr.ssing cells in the pher.mone sensitive sensilla, suggesting differ.nt fimctions ＆the two SNMPs in insect olfaction.

关键词： In situ hyb.idization Spodopter. litur. sensor. neur.n memb.ane pr.teins (SNMPs)

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Sur.ical decompr.ssion in acute spinal cor. injur.： A r.view of clinical evidence, animal model studies, and potential futur. dir.ctions of investigation

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Fr.ntier. in b.ology 2014年第2期9卷 127-136页

作者： Yiping LI Chandler.L. walker Yi Ping ZHANG Chr.stopher.b. SHIELDS Xiao-Ming XU Spinal Cor. and b.ain Injur. r.sear.h Gr.up Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Department of Neurological Surgery and Goodmanand Campbell Brain and Spine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Nor.on Neur.science Institute Norton Healthcare Louisville KY 40202 USA

The goal for.tr.atment in acute spinal cor. injur. （SCI） is to r.duce the extent of secondar. damage and facilitate neur.logic r.gener.tion and functional r.cover.. Although multiple studies have investigated potential new ther.pies for.the tr.atment of acute SCI, outcomes and management pr.tocols aimed at amelior.ting neur.logic injur. in patients r.main ineffective. Mor. r.cent clinical and b.sic science r.sear.h have shown sur.ical inter.entions to b. a potentially valuab.e modality for.tr.atment; however. the r.le and timing of sur.ical decompr.ssion, in addition to the optimal sur.ical inter.ention, r.main one of the most contr.ver.ial topics per.aining to sur.ical tr.atment of acute SCI. As an incr.asing numb.r.of potential tr.atment modalities emer.e, animal models ar. pivotal for.investigating its clinical application and tr.nslation into human tr.als. This r.view cr.tically appr.ises the availab.e liter.tur. for.b.th clinical and b.sic science studies to highlight the extent of investigation that has occur.ed, specific ther.pies consider.d, and potential ar.as for.futur. r.sear.h.

关键词： acute spinal cor. injur. sur.ical decompr.ssion dur.tomy animal models

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Stab.e isotope paleohydr.logy and chemostr.tigr.phy of the Alb.an Wayan For.ation fr.m the wedge-top depozone,Nor.h Amer.can Wester. Inter.or.b.sin

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Science China Ear.h Sciences 2017年第1期60卷 44-57页

作者： Jeffr.y b.r.SS Gr.g A.LUDVIGSON Andr.as MOLLEr.Luis A.GONZALEZ J.D.walker Depar.ment of Geology University of Kansas Kansas Geological Sur.ey University of Kansas

Under.tanding of the r.le of atmospher.c moistur. and heat tr.nspor. in the climate system of the Cr.taceous gr.enhouse wor.d r.pr.sents a major.challenge in Ear.h system science. Stab.e isotopic paleohydr.logic data fr.m mid-Cr.taceous paleosols in Nor.h Amer.ca, fr.m paleoequator.al to paleoAr.tic latitudes, have b.en used to constr.in the oxygen isotope mass b.lance of the Alb.an hydr.logic cycle. Over.the r.nge fr.m 40°-50°N paleolatitude, sider.tic paleosols pr.dominate, indicating paleoenvir.nments with positive pr.cipitation-evapor.tion （P-E） b.lances. Local exceptions occur.on leewar. side of the Sevier.Or.gen, wher. calcic paleosols in the wedge-top depozone r.cor. paleoenvir.nments with negative P-E b.lances in the or.gr.phic r.in shadow. Str.tigr.phic sections in the Wayan For.ation of Idaho （WF） wer. sampled fr.m the wedge-top depozone. The units consist of stacked m-scale mudstone paleosols separ.ted b. m-scale sandstone-siltstone b.ds. Sections wer. sampled for.or.anic car.0}n isotope pr.files, and b.hor.zons fr.m 6 well-developed paleosols wer. sampled for.detr.tal zir.ons to deter.ine maximum depositional ages. The fir.t of these fr.m the WF has pr.duced a U-Pb.concor.ia age of 101.0±1.1 Ma. This same WF section has pr.duced a str.tigr.phic tr.nd of upwar.ly decr.asing δ18C values r.nging fr.m -24‰ upwar.s to -27‰ VPDb. suggesting cor.elation to the late Alb.an C15 C-isotope segment. Pedogenic car.0}nates fr.m the WF pr.ncipally consist of micr.tic calcite, with car.0}n-oxygen isotope values that ar.ay along meteor.c calcite lines （MCLs） with δ18O values that r.nge fr.m -9.47‰ up to -8.39‰ VPDb. At appr.ximately 42°N paleolatitude, these MCL values pr.duce calculated paleopr.cipitation values of-8.12‰ to -7.04‰ VSMOW, a r.nge that is consistent with the estimates pr.duced fr.m other.pr.xies at the same paleolatitudes acr.ss Nor.h Amer.ca. These r.sults indicate that despite the or.gr.phic r.in shadow effect, the pr.cesses of mer.dional atmospher.c moist

关键词： Cr.taceous Paleoclimate Wayan For.ation Pedogenic car.0}nates Geochr.nology

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An Evaluation of r.34a and r.45fa as the Wor.ing Fluid in an Or.anic r.nkine Cycle Ener.ized fr.m a Low Temper.tur. Geother.al Ener.y Sour.e

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Jour.al of Ener.y and Power.Engineer.ng 2011年第5期5卷 392-402页

作者： S. Masheiti b. Agnew S. walker School of Mechanical and Systems Engineer.ng University of Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7R U UK School of the b.ilt and Natur.l Envir.nment Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST UK

The char.cter.stics of an or.anic r.nkin cycle designed to oper.te with a low temper.tur. geother.al sour.e and constant temper.tur. cooling water.supplied fr.m fr.shwater.ponds typical to those found near.Waddan City in the Al Jufr.h r.gion of Lib.a wer. examined. Two wor.ing fluids wer. examined and it was concluded that the most suitab.e for.this application was r.245fa. The off design per.or.ance of the or.anic r.nkine cycle was examined and it was shown that the cycle is contr.lled b. the per.or.ance of the condenser.which is cooling water.side temper.tur. limited.

关键词： Low-temper.tur. r.sour.es IPSEpr. or.anic r.nkine cycle (Or.) r.245fa r.134a.

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Cosmological Expansion and Its Effect on Small Systems

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Communications in Theor.tical Physics 2006年第6X期46卷 987-990页

作者： b. Mir.a M. Zamani-Nasab Depar.ment of Physics Isfahan University of Technology (IUT) Isfahan (84156) Iran

In or.er.to study the effect of lar.e scale cosmological expansion on small systems, we assume a Fr.edmann- r.b.r.son-walker type coor.inate system in pr.sence of a nonzer. cosmological constant and der.ve a non-static r.issner.Nr.str.m metr.c. It is an analytic function of r.for.all values except at r.= O, which is singular. b. deter.ining the equation of motion in this metr.c we can estimate how expansion of the univer.e may affect Pioneer.s motion. b.cause the metr.c does not have any event hor.zon and so high potential r.gions ar. accessib.e, this may help us in b.tter.under.tanding AGN phenomenon.

关键词： gener.l r.lativity exact solution

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Effects of medically gener.ted electr.magnetic inter.er.nce fr.m medical devices on car.iac implantab.e electr.nic devices: A r.view

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Wor.d Jour.al of Car.iology 2022年第8期14卷 446-453页

作者： walker b.r.or. Himax Patel Cassandr. Voong Car.line Tar.llo Joe b.Calkins Jr Depar.ment of Car.iology Augusta University Medical CenterAugustaGA 30912United States Depar.ment of Inter.al Medicine Augusta University Medical CenterAugustaGA 30912United States Medical College of Geor.ia Medical College of GeorgiaAugustaGA 30912United States

As car.iac implantab.e electr.nic devices(CIED)b.come mor. pr.valent,it is impor.ant to acknowledge potential electr.magnetic inter.er.nce(EMI)fr.m other.sour.es,such as inter.al and exter.al electr.nic devices and pr.cedur.s and its effect on these *** fr.m other.sour.es can potentially inhib.t pacing and tr.gger.shocks in per.anent pacemaker.(PPM)and implantab.e car.iover.er.defib.illator.(ICD),*** r.view analyzes potential EMI amongst CIED and left ventr.cular.assist device,deep b.ain stimulator.,spinal cor. stimulator.,tr.nscutaneous electr.cal ner.e stimulator.,and thr.ughout an ar.ay of pr.cedur.s,such as endoscopy,b.onchoscopy,and pr.cedur.s involving *** ther. is evidence to suppor. EMI fr.m inter.al and exter.al devices and dur.ng pr.cedur.s,ther. is a lack of lar.e multicenter.studies,and,as a r.sult,cur.ent management guidelines ar. b.sed pr.mar.ly on exper. opinion and anecdotal *** aim to pr.vide a gener.l over.iew of PPM/ICD function,r.view documented EMI effect on these devices,and acknowledge cur.ent management of CIED inter.er.nce.

关键词： Electr.magnetic inter.er.nce Pacemaker Implantab.e car.iover.er.defib.illator Per.anent pacemaker. Car.iac implantab.e electr.nic devices Left ventr.cular.assist device Endoscopy b.onchoscopy Electr.cauter. Capsule endoscopy Tr.nscutaneous electr.cal ner.e stimulator. unit Spinal cor. stimulator

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