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Wind farm potential is higher in prime habitat for uncommon soil crust lichens

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 108-115页

作者： Heather T root Myrica McCune Bruce McCune Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Oregon State University2082 Cordley HallCorvallisOR 97330USA institute for Natural Resources Oregon State University210 Strand Agricultural HallCorvallisOR97331USA Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society Oregon State University321 Richardson HallCorvallisOR97331USA

introduction:Biotic soil crust communities contribute valuable ecosystem services and biodiversity in steppe *** uncommon crust lichens Acarospora schleicheri,Fuscopannaria cyanolepra,Rhizocarpon diploschistidina,and Texosporium sancti-jacobi are associated with fine-textured soils along rivers of the Columbia *** and *** indicate late-successional habitat and may serve as indicators for other rare or cryptic species associated with similar *** of the most favorable habitat for these species has been lost to urban and agricultural *** sought to overlay favorable habitats with wind farm development potential to assess whether these species are likely to be affected by renewable energy ***:We overlaid habitat models for four lichen species on land use and wind farm potential *** a sample of 5,000 points,we determined whether there were differences in probability of occurrence among wind farm potential classes within developed and natural lands using Multi-Response Permutation *** with modeled probability of occurrence greater than 60%were considered“favorable”habitats;for these,aχ2 test allowed us to determine whether favorable habitats were associated with wind farm potential ***:Sites that are developed for agriculture or have higher wind farm potential coincide with more favorable habitats for uncommon soil crust *** the favorable habitats for the four focal lichens,28–42%are already affected by development or agriculture;5–14%of favorable habitats remain in natural vegetation and are considered sites with fair or good potential for wind ***:Development of wind energy has the potential to negatively impact uncommon soil crust lichen species because favorable sites coincide with especially good habitat for these ***,as these renewable energy resources are developed,we have the opportunity to ensure that valuable soil crus

关键词： Acarospora schleicheri Agriculture Biotic soil crust Columbia river Fuscopannaria cyanolepra Land use Rhizocarpon diploschistidina Steppe Texosporium sancti-jacobi

Howl variation across Himalayan, North African, indian, and Holarctic wolf clades： tracing divergence in the world＇s oldest wolf lineages using acoustics

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 341-348页

作者： Lauren HENNELLY Bilal HABiB Holly root-GUTTERiDGE Vicente PALACiOS Daniela PASSiLONGO Department of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Wildlife Institute of India Dehradun India Department of Biology Syracuse University New York 13210 USA Cavanilles institute for Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology University of Valencia Avenue de Blasce Ibanez Valencia 46010 Spain Ricerca sulla Selvaggina e sui Miglioramenti Ambientali a Fini Faunistici (C.i.R.Se.M.A.E) Piazzale delle Cascine 18 Firenze 1-50144 Italy

Vocal divergence within species often corresponds to morphological, environmental, and genetic differences between populations. Wolf howls are long-range signals that encode individual, group, and subspecies differences, yet the factors that may drive this variation are poorly understood. Furthermore, the taxonomic division within the Canis genus remains contended and additional data are required to clarify the position of the Himalayan, North African, and indian wolves within Canis lupus. We recorded 451 howls from the 3 most basal wolf lineages-Himalayan C. lupus chanco-Himalayan haplotype, North African C. lupus lupaster, and indian C. lupus pallipes wolves-and present a howl acoustic description within each clade. With an additional 619 howls from 7 Holarctic subspecies, we used a random forest classifier and principal component analysis on 9 acoustic parameters to assess whether Himalayan, North African, and indian wolf howls ex- hibit acoustic differences compared to each other and Holarctic wolf howls. Generally, both the North African and indian wolf howls exhibited high mean fundamental frequency （F0） and short duration compared to the Holarctic clade. in contrast, the Himalayan wolf howls typically had lower mean F0, unmodulated frequencies, and short howls compared to Holarctic wolf howls. The Himalayan and North African wolves had the most acoustically distinct howls and differed significantly from each other and to the Holarctic wolves. Along with the influence of body size and environmental differences, these results suggest that genetic divergence and/or geographic distance may play an important role in understanding howl variation across subspecies.

关键词： acoustic variation Canis lupus geographic variation mammal communication.

Tunable colors and conductivity by electroless growth of Cu/Cu2O particles on sol-gel modified cellulose

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Nano Research 2020年第10期13卷 2658-2664页

作者： Justus Landsiedel wale.i root Christian Schramm Alexander Menzel Steffen Witzleben Thomas Bechtold Tung Pham Research institute for Textile Chemistry and Textile Physics University of Innsbruck6850 DornbirnAustria Department of Physical Chemistry University of Innsbruck6020 InmsbruckAustria Department of Natural Sciences Bonn Rhein sSieg University of Applied Sciences5359 RheinbachGermany

Development of colored surfaces by formation of nano-structured aggregates is a widely used strategy in nature to color lightweight structures (e.g. butterflies) without the use of dye pigments. The deposition of nanoscale particles mimics nature in it’s approach coloring surfaces. This work presents sol-gel modification of cellulose surfaces used to form a template for growth of Cu/Cu2O core–shell particles with defined size-distributions. Besides improving the adhesion of the deposited particulate material, the sol-gel matrix serves as a template for the control of particle sizes of the Cu/Cu2O structures, and as a consequence of particle size variation the surface color is tunable. As an example, red color was achieved with an average particle size of 35 nm, and shifts gradually to blue appearance when particles have grown to 80 nm on the sol-gel modified fabric. The copper concentration on representative fabrics is kept low to avoid modifying the textile characteristics and were all in the range of 150–170 mg per g of cellulose material. As a result of copper deposition on the surface of the material, the cellulose fabric also became electrically conductive. Remarkably, the electrical conductivity was found to be dependent on the average particle sizes of the deposits and thus related to the change in observed color. The generation of color by growth of nano-sized particles on sol-gel templates provides a highly promising approach to stain surfaces by physical effects without use of synthetic colorants, which opens a new strategy to improve environmental profile of coloration.

关键词： electroless copper deposition sol-gel support thin film structural coloration tunable sheet resistance LSPR

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小身材玩转高清大世界

微型计算机 2006年第17期26卷 10-11页

作者： root

随着高清电视标准的颁布和“高清世界杯”的来临．无论在家电产品领域还是iT产品领域．“高清”成了大家关注的热点名词。如春日的生机勃勃一样．高清数码影像产品也在推陈出新。

关键词： iT产品家电产品电视标准高清电视技术标准

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illustrated idioms

英语学习 2000年第8期 36-36,35页

作者： Christine root Karen Blanchard

本栏目是本刊和 ThomsonLearning 公司的联合项目,选自 in No Time Flat!idiomsin Context(iSBN O-536-83631-3),它将帮助读者熟悉当今英语世界最新最流行的习惯用语。请读者根据所提供的习语解释,完成漫画下面的句子,将答案寄给我们,第... 详细信息

本栏目是本刊和 ThomsonLearning 公司的联合项目,选自 in No Time Flat!idiomsin Context(iSBN O-536-83631-3),它将帮助读者熟悉当今英语世界最新最流行的习惯用语。请读者根据所提供的习语解释,完成漫画下面的句子,将答案寄给我们,第8位、第18位和第48位答对的幸运读者将获得奖励。奖品由Thomson Learning 公司提供,包括各种英语学习工具书、参考书和读物。

关键词： illustrated idioms

Osteoarthritis action alliance consensus opinion-best practice features of anterior cruciate ligament and lower limb injury prevention programs

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第9期8卷 726-734页

作者： Thomas Trojian Jeffrey Driban Rathna Nuti Lindsay Distefano Hayley root Cristina Nistler Cynthia LaBella Divi-sion of Sports Medicine Drexel University College of Medicine

AiM To identify best practice features of an anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) and lower limb injury prevention programs(iPPs) to reduce osteoarthritis(OA).METHODS This consensus statement started with us performing a systematic literature search for all relevant articles from 1960 through January 2017 in PubM ed, Web of Science and CiNAHL. The search strategy combined the Medical Subject Heading(Me SH) and keywords for terms:(1) ACL OR "knee injury" OR "anterior cruciate ligament";(2) "prevention and control" OR "risk reduction" OR "injury prevention" OR "neuromuscular training"; and(3) meta-analysis OR "systematic review" OR "cohort study" OR randomized. We found 166 different titles. The abstracts were reviewed for pertinent papers. The papers were reviewed by at least two authors and consensus of best practice for iPP to prevent OA was obtained by conference calls and e-mail discussions. All authors participated in the *** The best practice features of an iPP have the following six components:(1) lower extremity and core strengthening;(2) plyometrics;(3) continual feedback to athletes regarding proper technique;(4) sufficient dosage;(5) minimal-to-no additional equipment; and(6) balance training to help prevent injuries. Exercises focused on preventing ankle sprains, hamstring injuries and lateral trunk movements are important. Plyometric exercises should focus on correcting knee valgus *** should focus on optimizing the hamstring to quadriceps strength ratio. in order for iPP to be successful, there should be increased education and verbal feedback along with increased athletic compliance. Additional equipment is not necessary. Balance training alone does not significantly reduce injuries, but is beneficial with other exercises. Not enough evidence to recommend stretching and agility exercises, with no ill effects identified. Therefore, we suggest making these optional *** Best practice features for ACL and lower limb

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament Lower limb injury prevention program Knee injury

An MAP Kinase Cascade Downstream of RGF/GLV Peptides and Their RGi Receptors Regulates root Development

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Molecular Plant 2020年第11期13卷 1542-1544页

作者： Ana i.Fernandez Tom Beeckman Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium ViB Center for Plant Systems Biology GhentBelgium

Plant developmental processes require active cell-cell *** peptides are now recognized as major players involved in many plant developmental and immunity ***,the cognate receptors for many signaling peptides have also been *** we are starting to gain insights into some of the molecular components,the downstream pathway after ligand perception is in most cases unknown(Oh et al.,2018).

关键词： starting insight hough

Soil Microbial Population in the Vicinity of the Bean Caper(Zygophyllum dumosum)root Zone in a Desert System

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Pedosphere 2007年第6期17卷 758-765页

作者： i.SHMUELi G.BARNESS Y.STEiNBERGER The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences Bar-ilan University Ramat-Gan 52900(Israel)

The aim of the current study was to gain a better understanding of the changes in soil microbial biomass and basal respiration dynamics in the vicinity of the bean caper （Zygophyllura duraosura） perennial desert shrub and the inter-shrub sites. Microbial biomasses as well as basal respiration were found to be significantly greater in the soil samples taken beneath the Z. duraosura shrubs than from the inter-shrub sampling sites, with no differences between the two sampling layers （0-10 and 10-20 cm） throughout the study period. However, seasonal changes were observed due to autumn dew formation, which significantly affected microbial biomass and basal respiration in the upper-layer inter-shrub locations. The calculated metabolic coefficient （qCO2） revealed significant differences between the two sampling sites as well as between the two soil layers, elucidating the abiotic effect between the sites throughout the study period. The substrate availability index was found to significantly demonstrate the differences between the two sites, elucidating the significant contribution of Z. duraosura in food source availability and in moderating harsh abiotic components. The importance of basal microbial parameters and the derived indices as tools demonstrated the importance and need for basic knowledge in understanding plant-soil interactions determined by an unpredictable and harsh desert environment.

关键词： basal respiration desert microbial biomass root zone soil

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