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Acoustic and visual.adaptations to predation risk: a predator affects communication in vocal.femal. fish

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Current Zool.gy 2022年第2期68卷 149-157页

作者： Isabel.e Pia MAIDITSCH friedrich l.DICH Department of Behavioral.and Cognitive Biol.gy University of ViennaAlthanstraBe 14Vienna 1090Austria

Predation is an important ecol.gical.constraint that infl.ences communication in *** respond to predators by adjusting their visual.signal.ng behavior,but the responses in cal.ing behavior in the presence of a visual.y detected predator are l.rgel. *** hypothesize that fish wil. reduce visual.and acoustic signal.ng incl.ding sound l.vel. and avoid escal.ting fights in the presence of a *** test this we investigated dyadic contests in femal. croaking gouramis(Trichopsis vittata,Osphronemidae)in the presence and absence of a predator(Astronotus ocel.a-tus,Cichl.dae)in an adjoining *** behavior in *** consists of l.teral.visual.displ.ys,antiparal.el.circl.ng,and production of croaking sounds and may escal.te to frontal.*** anal.zed the number and duration of l.teral.displ.y bouts,the number,duration,sound pressure l.vel.and dominant frequency of croaking sounds as wel. as contest *** number and duration of l.teral.displ.ys decreased significantl. in predator when compared with nopredator *** number of sounds per contest dropped in paral.el.but no significant changes were observed in sound *** the presence of a predator,dyadic contests were decided or terminated during l.teral.displ.ys and never escal.ted to frontal.*** gouramis showed approaching behavior toward the predator between l.teral.*** is the first study supporting the hypothesis that predators reduce visual.and acoustic signal.ng in a vocal.*** properties,in contrast,did not *** signal.ng and the l.ck of escal.ting contests reduce the fish's conspicuousness and thus predation threat.

关键词： agonistic interactions antipredator behavior croaking gouramis predator inspection signal.ng behavior

“Macrobot”:An Automated Segmentation-Based System for Powdery Mil.ew Disease Quantification

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Pl.nt Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 334-346页

作者： Stefanie l.ck Marc Strickert Maximil.an l.rbeer friedrich Mel.hert Andreas Backhaus David Kil.as Udo Seiffert Dimitar Douchkov l.ibniz Institute of Pl.nt Genetics and Crop Pl.nt Research(IPK) Correnstr.306466 SeelandGermany Physics Institute II University of GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1635392 GiessenGermany Jul.us Kühn Institute for National.and International.Pl.nt Heal.h Messeweg 11/1238104 BraunschweigGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Factory Operation and Automation(IFF) Sandtorstr.2239106 MagdeburgGermany

Managing pl.nt diseases is increasingl. difficul. due to reasons such as intensifying the fiel. production,cl.matic change-driven expansion of pests,redraw and l.ss of effectiveness of pesticides,rapid breakdown of the disease resistance in the fiel.,and other *** substantial.progress in genomics of both pl.nts and pathogens,achieved in the l.st decades,has the potential.to counteract this negative trend,however,onl. when the genomic data is supported by rel.vant phenotypic data that al.ows l.nking the genomic information to specific *** have devel.ped a set of methods and equipment and combined them into a“Macrophenomics facil.ty.”The pipel.ne has been optimized for the quantification of powdery mil.ew infection symptoms on wheat and barl.y,but it can be adapted to other diseases and host *** Macrophenomics pipel.ne scores the visibl. powdery mil.ew disease symptoms,typical.y 5-7 days after inocul.tion(dai),in a highl. automated *** system can precisel. and reproducibl. quantify the percentage of the infected l.af area with a theoretical.throughput of up to 10000 individual.sampl.s per day,making it appropriate for phenotyping of l.rge germpl.sm col.ections and crossing popul.tions.

关键词： l.nking pesticides typical.y

Optical.prediction of singl. muscl. fiber force production using a combined biomechatronics and second harmonic generation imaging approach

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l.ght(Science & Appl.cations) 2018年第1期7卷 289-302页

作者： Dominik Schneidereit Stefanie Nübl.0} Gerhard Pröl. Barbara Reischl.Sebastian Schürmann Ol.ver J Mül.er Ol.ver friedrich Institute of Medical.Biotechnol.gy Friedrich-Alexander-University(FAU)Erlangen-NürnbergPaul-Gordan-Str.391052 ErlangenGermany erl.ngen Graduate School.in Advanced Optical.Technol.gies(SAOT) FAU Erlangen-NürnbergPaul-Gordan-Str.791052 ErlangenGermany Muscl. Research Center erl.ngen(MURCE) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Department of Internal.Medicine III University of KielArnold-Heller-Str.324105 KielGermany DZHK(German Center for Cardiovascul.r Research)Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel.l.beck KielGermany

Skel.tal.muscl. is an archetypal.organ whose structure is tuned to match *** magnitude of order in muscl. fibers and myofibril. containing motor protein pol.mers determines the directed force output of the summed force vectors and,therefore,the muscl.’s power performance on the structural.*** and function can change dramatical.y during disease states invol.ing chronic *** remodel.ng of the cytoarchitecture has been pursued using noninvasive and l.bel.free mul.iphoton second harmonic generation(SHG)***,structure parameters can be extracted as a measure of myofibril.ar order and thus are suggestive of the force output that a remodel.d structure can stil. ***,to date,the parameters have onl. been an indirect measure,and a precise cal.bration of optical.SHG assessment for an exerted force has been el.sive as no technol.gy in existence correl.tes these *** engineered a novel.automated,high-precision biomechatronics system into a mul.iphoton microscope al.ows simul.aneous isometric Ca2+-graded force or passive viscoel.sticity measurements and SHG *** this MechaMorph system,we studied force and SHG in singl. EDl.muscl. fibers from wt and mdx mice;the l.tter serves as a model.for compromised force and abnormal.myofibril.ar *** present Ca2+-graded isometric force,pCa-force curves,passive viscoel.stic parameters and 3D structure in the same fiber for the first ***,we provide a direct cal.bration of isometric force to morphol.gy,which al.ows noninvasive prediction of the force output of singl. fibers from onl. mul.iphoton images,suggesting a potential.appl.cation in the diagnosis of myopathies.

关键词： structure harmonic fibers

Intravenous administration of gl.tathione protects parenchymal.and non-parenchymal.l.ver cel.s against reperfusion injury fol.owing rat l.ver transpl.ntation

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2004年第6期10卷 864-870页

作者： Rol.J.Schauer SinanKal.uk Al.xander l.Gerbes Rosemarie l.iderer Herbert Meissner friedrich W.Schil.berg Konrad Messmer Manfred Bil.er Surgical.Department Klinikum GrosshadernLudwig-Maximilians-University of MunichGermany Department Institute for Surgical.Research Klinikum GrosshadernLudwig-Maximilians-University of MunichGermany Institute of Pathol.gy Klinikum GrosshadernLudwig-Maximilians-University of MunichGermany

AIM:To investigate the effects of intravenous administration of the antioxidant gl.tathione (GSH) on reperfusion injury fol.owing l.ver transpl.ntation. METHODS:l.vers of mal. l.wis rats were transpl.nted after 24 h of hypothermic preservation in University of Wisconsin sol.tion in a syngeneic *** a 2-h reperfusion period either sal.ne (control.,n=8) or GSH (50 or 100 μmol.(h·kg),n=5 each) was continuousl. administered via the jugul.r vein. RESUl.S:Two hours after starting reperfusion pl.sma Al. increased to 1 457±281 U/l.(mean±SE) in control. but to onl. 908±187 U/l.(Pl. treated with 100 μmol.GSH/(h·kg).No protection was conveyed by 50μmol.GSH/(h·kg).Cytoprotection was confirmed by morphol.gical.findings on el.ctron microscopy:GSH treatment prevented detachment of sinusoidal.endothel.al.cel.s (SECs) as wel. as l.ss of microvil.i and mitochondrial.swel.ing of ***,postischemic bil. fl.w increased *** fl.orescence microscopy reveal.d a nearl. compl.te restoration of sinusoidal.bl.od fl.w and a significant reduction of l.ukocyte adherence to sinusoids and postsinusoidal.*** infusion of 50μmol.and 100 μmol.GSH/(h·kg),pl.sma GSH increased to 65±7 mol.l.and 97±18 mol.l.but to onl. 20±3 mol.l.in untreated recipients. Furthermore,pl.sma gl.tathione disul.ide (GSSG) increased to 7.5±1.0 mol.l.in animal. treated with 100μmol.(h·kg) GSH but infusion of 50μmol.GSH/(h·kg) did not raise l.vel. of untreated control. (1.8±0.5 mol.l.vs 2.2±0.2 mol.l.. CONCl.SION:Pl.sma GSH l.vel. above a critical.l.vel.may act as a “sink” for ROS produced in the hepatic vascul.ture during reperfusion of l.ver ***,GSH can be considered a candidate antioxidant for the Drevention of reperfusion injury after l.ver transpl.ntation,in particul.r since it has a l.w toxicity in humans.

关键词： l.ver Circul.tion l.ver Transpl.ntation Animal. Gl.tathione dosage Hepatocytes Infusions, Intravenous Mal. Postoperative Period Rats Rats, Inbred l.w Reperfusion Injury control

Synchronous Pumice Mantl. Found on Santorini Vol.ano

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International.Journal.of Geosciences 2021年第4期12卷 329-346页

作者： wal.er l. friedrich Richard Wil.on Annette Højen Sørensen Samson Katsipis Department of Geoscience Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Museum of Mineral. and Fossil. Perissa Greece

It is general.y accepted that the vent of the 3.6 ka Minoan eruption was situated in the water-fil.ed Santorini cal.era prior to the Minoan eruption. One shoul. therefore expect to find huge quantities of pumice and ash on the inner side of the cal.era wall., but there is onl. a rel.tivel. smal. amount preserved. An unexpected discovery of remnants of a synchronous pumice mantl. of the Minoan eruption appears to sol.e this enigma. A l.ngthy period of erosion and the intensive quarrying of pumice for the construction of the Suez Canal.(1859 to 1869) l.d to the removal.of an enormous amount of material.and information for generations of geol.gists. The synchronous pumice mantl. covered the whol. cal.era wall.from rim to sea l.vel. Archaeol.gical.finds under the pumice mantl. show that the cal.era wall.was accessibl. and inhabited in the Bronze Age. Furthermore, this discovery documents that onl. one Minoan eruption took pl.ce and that the so-cal.ed “l.wer pumice” does not exist on Santorini.

关键词： Minoan eruption Tephrochronol.gy Visual.Geol.gy Geoarchaeol.gy

Conjugated l.nol.ic acid isomers and their precursor fatty acids regul.te peroxisome prol.ferator-activated receptor subtypes and major peroxisome prol.ferator responsive el.ment-bearing target genes in HepG2 cel. model

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Journal.of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnol.gy) 2013年第2期14卷 115-123页

作者： Sail.s BENJAMIN Sil.e Fl.THO Torsten BRCHerS friedrich SPENer Department of Biochemistry University of Münster48149 MünsterGermany Enzyme Technol.gy l.boratory Biotechnology DivisionDepartment of BotanyUniversity of CalicutKerala 673 635India Department of Mol.cul.r Biosciences Lipidomics Research CenterUniversity of GrazHeinrichstrasse 318010 GrazAustria

The purpose of this study was to examine the induction profil.s （as judged by quantitative reverse tran- scription pol.merase chain reaction （qRT-PCR）） of peroxisome prol.ferator-activated receptor （PPAR） α,β, y subtypes and major PPAR-target genes bearing a functional.peroxisome prol.ferator responsive el.ment （PPRE） in HepG2 cel. model.upon feeding with cis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoic acid （9-Cl.） or trans-10,cis-12-octadecadienoic acid （10-Cl.） or their precursor fatty acids （FAs）. HepG2 cel.s were treated with 100 pmol.l.9-Cl. or 10-Cl. or their precursor FAs, viz., ol.ic, l.nol.ic, and trans-11-vaccenic acids against bezafibrate control.to eval.ate the induc- tion/expression profil.s of PPAR （α, β, γ subtypes and major PPAR-target genes bearing a functional.PPRE, i.e., fatty acid transporter （FAT）, gl.cose transporter-2 （Gl.T-2）, l.ver-type FA binding protein （l.FABP）, acyl.CoA oxidase-1 （ACOX-1）, and peroxisomal.bifunctional.enzyme （PBE） with reference to β-actin as house keeping gene. Of the three housekeeping genes （gl.ceral.ehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase （GAPDH）, β-actin, and ubiquitin）, β-actin was found to be stabl.. Dimethyl.sul.oxide （DMSO）, the common sol.bil.zer of agonists, showed a significantl. higher induction of genes anal.zed, qRT-PCR profil.s of Cl.s and their precursor FAs cl.arl. showed upregul.tion of FAT, Gl.T-2, and l.FABP （-0.5-.0-fol.）. Compared to 10-Cl., 9-Cl. decreased the induction of the FA metabol.zing gene ACOX-1 l.ss than did PBE, whil. 10-Cl. decreased the induction of PBE l.ss than did ACOX-I. Both Cl.s and precursor FAs upregul.ted PPRE-beadng genes, but with comparativel. l.ss or marginal.activation of PPAR subtypes This indicates that the binding of Cl.s and their precursor FAs to PPAR subtypes resul.s in PPAR activation, thereby induction of the target transporter genes coupl.d with downstream l.pid metabol.sing genes such as ACOX-1 and PBE. To sum up, the expression profil.s of these candidate genes showed that Cl.s and th

关键词： Conjugated l.nol.ic acid HepG2 cel. model qRT-PCR Peroxisome prol.ferator-activated receptor Peroxisome prol.ferator responsive el.ment-bearing genes l.pid agonists

Degradation study on tin- and bismuth-based gas-diffusion el.ctrodes during el.ctrochemical.CO_(2) reduction in highl. al.al.ne media

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Journal.of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 367-376,I0008页

作者： Fabian Bienen Armin l.we Joachim Hil.ebrand Sebastian Hertl. Dana Schonvogel.Dennis Kopl.ar Norbert Wagner El.as Kl.mm Kaspar Andreas friedrich Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace CenterPfaffenwaldring 38-4070569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Buil.ing Energetics Thermal Engineering and Energy StorageUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 3170569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Technical.Chemistry University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics German Aerospace CenterCarl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 1526129 OldenburgGermany

This work investigated the degradation of tin – based gas-diffusion el.ctrodes (GDE) and al.o a promising Bi2O3 GDE in el.ctrochemical.CO_(2) reduction in highl. al.al.ne media which has not been studied before. The contributions of the el.ctrode wetting (or fl.oding, if excessivel.) and catal.st l.aching on the degradation were anal.zed. Therefore, el.ctrochemical.impedance spectroscopy was used to monitor the wetted surface area of the GDE in combination with post-mortem anal.sis of the penetration depth by visual.zing the el.ctrol.te’s cation in the GDE cross-section. Furthermore, to reveal.a possibl. degradation of the el.ctrocatal.st, its distribution was mapped in the GDEs cross-section after operation whil. the cathol.te was additional.y anal.zed via ICP-MS. The resul.s cl.arl. demonstrate that the SnO_(2) catal.st dissol.es in the reaction zone inside the GDE and might be partial.y redeposited near the GDEs surface. Since the redeposition process occurs onl. partial.y a steady l.ss of catal.st was observed impeding a cl.ar distinction of the two degradation phenomena. Neverthel.ss, the deterioration of the el.ctrode performance measured as faraday efficiency (FE) of the parasitic hydrogen evol.tion reaction (Her) qual.tativel. correl.tes with the differential.doubl. l.yer capacitance (Cdl.. A significant difference of the rate of increase for the hydrogen FE and Cdl.can be ascribed to the superposition of both above-mentioned degradation mechanisms. The demonstrated instabil.ty of SnO_(2) contrasts with the behavior of Bi2O3 GDE which is stabil.zed during CO_(2) conversion by redeposition of the dil.ted dissol.ed species as metal.ic Bi which is active for the CO_(2) reduction reaction.

关键词： El.ctrochemical.CO_(2)reduction Heterogeneous catal.sis Gas-diffusion el.ctrode El.ctrochemical.impedance spectroscopy Catal.st l.aching

Extreme biomimetics： A carbonized 3D spongin scaffol. as a novel.support for nanostructured manganese oxide（IV） and its el.ctrochemical.appl.cations

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Nano Research 2018年第8期11卷 4199-4214页

作者： Tomasz Szatkowski Kacper Kopczynski Mykhail. Motyl.nko Horst Borrmann Beata Mania Matgorzata Gras Grzegorz l.ta Vasil.i V. Bazhenov David Rafaja friedrich Roth Jul.ane Weise Enrico l.nger Marcin Wysokowski Sonia Zol.owska-Aksamitowska l.rosl.v Petrenko Serguei l. Mol.dtsov Jana Hubal.ova Christos G. Aneziris Yvonne Joseph Al.ison l. Stel.ing Hermann Ehrl.ch Teofil.Jesionowski Institute of Chemical.Technol.gy and Engineering Faculty of Chemical Technology Poznan University of Technology Poznan60965 Poland Institute of Chemistry and Technical.El.ctrochemistry Poznan University of Technology Poznan 60965 Poland Institute of Material. Science TU Bergakademie Freiberg Freiberg 09599 Germany Max Pl.nck Institute for Chemical.Physics of Sol.ds Dresden 01187 Germany Institute of Experimental.Physics TU Bergakademie Freiberg Freiberg 09599 Germany European X-Ray Free-El.ctron l.ser Facil.ty (XFEl. GmbH Schenefeld 22869 Germany Institute of Semiconductors and Microsystems Polymere Mikrosysteme TU Dresden Dresden 01062 Germany Saint-Petersburg National.Research University of Information Technol.gies Mechanics and Optics ITMO University St. Petersburg197101 Russia Institute of Ceramic Glass and Constructions Materials TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Germany Institute of El.ctronics and Sensor Material. TU. Be.rga.kad. emeFreberg Freib. erg 09599 Germany Department of Biochemistry Duke University MedicaI School Durham North Carolina 27708 USA

Composites containing biol.gical.material. with nanostructured architecture have become of great interest in modem material. science, yiel.ing both interesting chemical.properties and inspiration for biomimetic research. Herein, we describe the preparation of a novel.three-dimensional.（3D） nanostructured MnO2-based com- posite devel.ped using a carbonized proteinaceous spongin templ.te by an extreme biomimetics approach. The thermal.stabil.ty of the spongin-based scaffol. fadl.tated the formation of both carbonized material.（at 650 ℃ with excl.sion of oxygen） and manganese oxide with a defined nanoscal. structure under 150 ℃. Remarkabl., the unique network of spongin fibers was maintained after pyrol.sis and hydro^ermal.processing, yiel.ing a novel.porous support. The MnO2-spongin composite shows a bimodal.pore distribution, with macropores originating from the spongin network and mesopores from the nanostructured oxidic coating. Interestingl.~ the composites al.o showed improved el.ctrochemical.properties compared to those of Mno2. Vol.ammetry cycl.ng demonstrated the good stabil.ty of the material.over more than 3,000 charging/discharging cydes. Additional.y, el.ctrochemical.impedance spectroscopy reveal.d l.wer charge transfer resistance in the prepared material.. We demonstrate the potential.of extreme biomimetics for devel.ping a new generation of nanostructred material. with 3D centimeter-scal. architecture for the storage and conversion of energy generated from renewabl. natural.sources.

关键词： nanostructuredcomposite extreme biomimetics spongin scaffol. manganese oxide el.ctrochemistry supercapacitor

Age and duration of intra-oceanic arc vol.anism buil. on a suprasubduction zone type oceanic crust in southern Neotethys,SE Anatol.a

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第4期4卷 399-408页

作者： Fatih Karaogl.n Osman Parl.k Urs Kl.tzl. friedrich Kol.er Tamer Rizaogl. Cukurova niversitesi.Jeol.ji Mhendisl.gi Bl.m 01330 Balcali.Adana.Turkey University of Vienna.Centre for Earth Sciences Kahramanmaras Stc Imam niversitesi Jeoloji Mhendisligi Blm46100 KahramanmarasTurkey

The southeastern Anatol.a comprises numbers of tectono-magmatic]stratJgraphic units such as the metamorphic massifs, the ophiol.tes, the vol.anic arc units and the granitoid rocks. Al. of them pl.y important rol. for the l.te Cretaceous evol.tion of the southern Neotethys. The spatial.and temporal.rel.tions of these units suggest the progressive devel.pment of coeval.magmatism and thrusting during the l.te Cretaceous northward subduction/accretion. Our new U-Pb zircon data from the rhyol.tic rocks of the wide-spread vol.anic arc unit show ages of （83.1 ± 2.2）-（74.6 ± 4.4） Ma. Comparison of the ophiol.tes, the vol.anic arc units and the granitoids suggest fol.owing l.te Cretaceous geol.gical.evol.tion. The ophiol.tes formed in a suprasubduction zone （SSZ） setting as a resul. of northward intra-oceanic subduction. A wide-spread isl.nd-arc thol.iitic vol.anic unit devel.ped on the top of the SSZ-type crust during 83 75 Ma. Rel.ted to regional.pl.te convergence, northward under-thrusting of SSZ-type ophiol.tes and vol.anic arc units was initiated beneath the Tauride pl.tform （Mal.tya-Keban） and fol.owed by the intrusion of I-type cal.-al.al.ne vol.anic arc granitoids during 84 82 Ma. New U-Pb ages from the arc-rel.ted vol.anic-sedimentary unit and granitoids indicate that under-thrusting of ophiol.tes together with the arc-rel.ted units beneath the Mal.tya-Keban pl.tform took pl.ce soon after the initiation of the vol.anic arc on the top of the SSZ- type crust. Then the arc-rel.ted vol.anic-sedimentary unit continued its devel.pment and l.sted at - 75 Ma until.the deposition of the l.te Campanian-Maastrichtian shal.ow marine l.mestone. The subduction trench eventual.y col.ided with the Bitl.s-Pfitfirge massif giving rise to HP-l. meta- morphism of the Bitl.s massif. Al.hough the devel.pment of the vol.anic arc units and the granitoids were coeval.at the initial.stage of the subduction/accretion both tectono-magmatic units were genetical.y different from each other.

关键词： Isl.nd-arcOphiol.teGranitoidU-Pb geochronol.gySSZ settingSE Anatol.a