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Antimicrobial activity and mode of action of terpene linalyl anthranilate against carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第2期11卷 210-219页

作者： Shun-Kai Yang Khatijah Yusoff Mokrish Ajat wai-sum yap Swee-Hua Erin Lim Kok-Song Lai Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied SciencesUCSI University56000CherasKuala LumpurMalaysia Health Sciences Division Abu Dhabi Women’s CollegeHigher Colleges of Technology41012Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Mining of plant-derived antimicrobials is the major focus at current to counter antibiotic resistance. This study was conducted to characterize the antimicrobial activity and mode of action of linalyl anthranilate(LNA) against carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae(KPC-KP). LNA alone exhibited bactericidal activity at 2.5%(V/V), and in combination with meropenem(MPM) at 1.25%(V/V). Comparative proteomic analysis showed a significant reduction in the number of cytoplasmic and membrane proteins,indicating membrane damage in LNA-treated KPC-KP cells. Up-regulation of oxidative stress regulator proteins and down-regulation of oxidative stress-sensitive proteins indicated oxidative stress. Zeta potential measurement and outer membrane permeability assay revealed that LNA increases both bacterial surface charge and membrane permeability. Ethidium bromide influx/efflux assay showed increased uptake of ethidium bromide in LNA-treated cells, inferring membrane damage. Furthermore, intracellular leakage of nucleic acid and proteins was detected upon LNA treatment. Scanning and transmission electron microscopies again revealed the breakage of bacterial membrane and loss of intracellular materials. LNA was found to induce oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species(ROS) that initiate lipid peroxidation and damage the bacterial membrane. In conclusion, LNA generates ROS, initiates lipid peroxidation, and damages the bacterial membrane, resulting in intracellular leakage and eventually killing the KPC-KP cells.

关键词： Comparative proteomic KPC-KP Linalyl anthranilate Membrane damage ROS

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Method for hull-less barley transformation and manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第5期60卷 382-396页

作者： wai Li Lim Helen M. Collins Rohan R. Singh Natalie A. J. Kibble Kuok yap Jillian Taylor Geoffrey B. Fincher Rachel A. Burton ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Cell Walls School of Agriculture Food and Wine University of Adelaide Waite Campus Glen Osmond SouthAustralia 5064 Australia Institute for Molecular Bioscience The University of Queensland，4072，Australia

Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. To overcome this limitation, we sought to develop an effective transformation system for hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens. Torrens yielded a transformation efficiency of 1.8%, using a modified Agrobacterium transformation method. This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, 0,3;1,4）-β-glucan （mixed-linkage glucan）, primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCsIH1 grain. Transgenic HvCslF6 lines displayed alterations where grain had a darker color, were more easily crushed than wild type and were smaller. This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition.

关键词： Tobias I. Baskin University of Massachusetts USA

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Evolution of hepatitis B management in kidney transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第2期20卷 468-474页

作者： Desmond Y H yap Tak Mao Chan Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineQueen Mary Hospitalthe University of Hong Kong

Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection adversely influences the clinical outcomes of renal transplant recipients owing to increased hepatic *** of HBV infection in kidney transplant recipients presents a challenge to clinicians,especially in endemic *** precipitates renal allograft *** with lamivudine,the first oral nucleoside analogue available,resulted in effective viral suppression,reduced liver-related complications,and improved patient survival so that medium-term data showed comparable patient survival rates between hepatitis B surface antigen-positive and HBsAg-negative kidney transplant recipients in the era of effective antiviral *** has replaced lamivudine as first-line therapy for treatment-na?ve subjects in view of the propensity for drug resistance with the *** of HBV infection in kidney transplant patients needs to take into consideration the nephrotoxicity of nucleoside/tide analogues such as adefovir and *** of HBV-related complications in kidney transplant recipients starts much earlier prior to transplantation,with vaccination of patients with chronic kidney disease and donor-recipient matching with regard to HBV *** addition to anti-viral treatment,patients with chronic HBV infection must have regular surveillance for liver cancer and assessment for the development of cirrhosis.

关键词： Hepatitis B Kidney transplantation

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Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive rates in invasive lobular breast carcinoma: The Singapore experience

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第5期11卷 283-293页

作者： Ga-Jing Kee Ryan Ying-Cong Tan Sultana Rehena Joycelyn Jie-Xin Lee Ma wai-wai Zaw Wei-Xiang Lian Joe Yeong Su-Ming Tan Swee-Ho Lim Benita Kiat-Tee Tan Yoon-Sim yap Rebecca Alexandra Dent Fuh-Yong Wong Guek-Eng Lee Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Division of Medical Oncology National Cancer CentreSingapore 169610Singapore Centre for Quantitative Medicine Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore Department of Anaesthesiology Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer CentreSingapore 169610Singapore Division of Pathology Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Division of Breast Surgery Changi General HospitalSingapore529889Singapore SingHealth Duke-NUS Breast Centre Singapore 169610Singapore Kandang Kerbau Breast Centre Kandang Kerbau Women’s and Children’s HospitalSingapore 229899Singapore Department of Breast Surgery Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore

BACKGROUND Invasive lobular carcinomas(ILC)form 5%-10%of breast cancer and rarely show overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2).AIM To describe the prevalence and prognostic factors of HER2 positive(HER2+)ILC in an Asian *** A retrospective review of patients with ILC seen between January 1985 and March 2018 at various SingHealth medical institutions was *** and clinical data were collected from medical *** examined clinicopathological characteristics and survival in relation to HER2 *** A total of 864 patients were *** of HER2 positivity was 10.1%(87 patients).Compared with HER2 negative(HER2-)ILC,HER2+ILC was associated with a higher proportion of estrogen receptor negative(24.4%vs 5.9%,P<0.001),progesterone receptor negative(PR-)(40.2%vs 24%,P=0.002)and grade 3 tumours(Grade 3,29.0%vs 10.2%,P<0.001).Overall survival rate was poorer in patients with HER2+compared to HER2-ILC(56.7%vs 72.9%alive at 10 years;hazard ratio 1.87,95%confidence interval:1.21-2.90,P=0.004).Based on multivariate analysis,negative prognostic factors for overall survival included HER2 positivity,PR negativity,older age,Indian ethnicity and higher tumour *** Prevalence of HER2+ILC was 10.1%.HER2+ILC was more likely to have poorer prognostic features such as estrogen receptor negative,PR-and higher tumour grade,and have a poorer survival.

关键词： Lobular breast cancer Invasive breast cancer Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive Singapore Clinicopathological characteristics Prognostic value

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A ＂tricky＂ subarachnoid hemorrhage

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第18期126卷 3598-3598页

作者： SHEA Yat-fung TSANG Hoi-lun Helen yap Yat-hin Desmond LI Lai-fung HO wai-shing Wilson Department of Medicine Queen Mary tlospital The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Division of Neurosurgery Department of Surgery Queen Mary tlospital The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

To the editor： We report a tricky subarachnoid haemorrhage （SAH）. Our patient was a 59-year-old woman with generalizedheadache for 1 day, which was constricting in nature and rated grade 6/10. Her symptoms were aggravated by lying flat and improved with vomiting. The Glasgow coma scale was lull, blood pressure was 142/83 mmHg and pulse 75 beats/min. There was neither neck stiffness nor focal neurological deficit. Fundoscopic examination was normal. She was noted to have hyponatremia （sodium （Na） 122 mmol/L） with serum osmolarity 263 mmol/kg, urine osmolarity 582 mmol/kg, urine Na I 17 retool/L, nomaal thyroid stimulating hormone and cortisol level.

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