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Characteristics of the crack tip field in high-speed railway tunnel linings under train-induced aerodynamic shockwaves

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Underground Space 2024年第5期18卷 199-217页

作者： yi-Kang Liu yu-Ling Wang e Deng yi-Qing Ni Wei-Chao yang wai-Kei Ao School of Civil engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China National Rail Transit electrification and Automation engineering Technology Research Center(Hong Kong Branch) The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Civil and environmental engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China The Hong Kong Poly.echnic University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057China National engineering Research Center of High-speed Railway Construction Technology Changsha 410075China

High-speed railway tunnels in various countries have continuously reported accidents of vault falling concrete *** the concrete block falling occurs,serious consequences follow,and traffic safety may be *** aerodynamic shockwave evolves from the initial compression wave may be an important inducement causing the tunnel lining cracks to grow and form falling concrete blocks.A joint calculation framework is established based on ANSyS Fluent,ABAQUS,and FRANC3D for calculating the crack tip field under the aerodynamic *** intensification effect of aerodynamic shockwaves in the crack is revealed,and the evolution characteristics of the crack tip field and the influence factors of stress intensity factor(SIF)are *** show that(1)the aerodynamic shockwave intensifies after entering the crack,resulting in more significant pressure in the crack than the input *** maximum pressure of the inclined and longitudinal cracks is higher than the corresponding values of the circumferential crack,respectively.(2)The maximum SIF of the circumferential,inclined,and longitudinal crack appears at 0.5,0.68,and 0.78 times the crack front *** maximum SIF of the circumferential crack is higher than that of the inclined and longitudinal *** possibility of crack growth of the circumferential crack is the highest under aerodynamic shockwaves.(3)The influence of train speed on the SIF of the circumferential crack is more than 40%.When the train speed,crack depth,and crack length change,the change of pressure in the crack is the direct cause of the change of SIF.

关键词： Falling concrete blocks Tunnel lining cracks Aerodynamic shockwave Intensification effect Crack tip field Stress intensity factor

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Interplay of laser power and pore characteristics in selective laser melting of ZK60 magnesium alloys:A study based on in-situ monitoring and image analysis

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1346-1366页

作者： Weijie Xie Hau-Chung Man Chi-wai Chan Department of Industrial and Systems engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina School of Mechanical and Aerospace engineering Queen’s UniversityBelfast BT95AHUK Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

This study offers significant insights into the multi-physics phenomena of the SLM process and the subsequent porosity characteristics of ZK60 Magnesium(Mg)***-speed in-situ monitoring was employed to visualise process signals in real-time,elucidating the dynamics of melt pools and vapour plumes under varying laser power conditions specifically between 40 W and 60 *** morphological analysis was performed using Scanning-electron Microscopy(SeM),demonstrating a critical correlation between laser power and pore *** laser power led to increased pore coverage,whereas a denser structure was observed at higher laser *** laser power influence on porosity was further confirmed via Optical Microscopy(OM)conducted on both top and cross-sectional surfaces of the *** increase in laser power resulted in a decrease in pore coverage and pore size,potentially leading to a denser printed part of Mg alloy.X-ray Computed Tomography(XCT)augmented these findings by providing a 3D volumetric representation of the sample internal structure,revealing an inverse relationship between laser power and overall pore *** laser power appeared to favour the formation of interconnected pores,while a reduction in interconnected pores and an increase in isolated pores were observed at higher *** interplay between melt pool size,vapour plume effects,and laser power was found to significantly influence the resulting porosity,indicating a need for effective management of these factors to optimise the SLM process of Mg alloys.

关键词： Selective laser melting(SLM) Magnesium(Mg)alloys Biodegradable implants Porosity In-situ monitoring

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Three-dimensional numerical analysis of plant-soil hydraulic interactions on pore water pressure of vegetated slope under different rainfall patterns

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3696-3706页

作者： Haowen Guo Charles Wang wai Ng Qi Zhang Department of Civil and environmental engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Understanding the pore water pressure distribution in unsaturated soil is crucial in predicting shallow landslides triggered by rainfall,mainly when dealing with different temporal patterns of rainfall ***,the hydrological response of vegetated slopes,especially three-dimensional(3D)slopes covered with shrubs,under different rainfall patterns remains unclear and requires further *** address this issue,this study adopts a novel 3D numerical model for simulating hydraulic interactions between the root system of the shrub and the surrounding *** series of numerical parametric studies are conducted to investigate the influences of slope inclination,rainfall pattern and rainfall *** rainfall patterns(advanced,bimodal,delayed,and uniform)and two rainfall durations(4-h intense and 168-h mild rainfall)are considered to study the hydrological response of the *** computed results show that 17%higher transpiration-induced suction is found for a steeper slope,which remains even after a short,intense rainfall with a 100-year return *** extreme rainfalls with advanced(PA),bimodal(PB)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns need to be considered for the short rainfall duration(4 h),while the delayed(PD)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns are highly recommended for long rainfall durations(168 h).The presence of plants can improve slope stability markedly under extreme rainfall with a short duration(4 h).For the long duration(168 h),the benefit of the plant in preserving pore-water pressure(PWP)and slope stability may not be sufficient.

关键词： Root-soil interactions Rainfall patterns Slope stability Three-dimensional(3D)

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Insights on advanced substrates for controllable fabrication of photoanodes toward efficient and stable photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Carbon energy 2024年第4期6卷 164-221页

作者： Huilin Hou Gang Shao yang Wang wai‐yeung Wong Weiyou yang Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices Ningbo University of TechnologyNingboChina School of Materials Science and engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Conversion of solar energy into H_(2) by photoelectrochemical(PeC)water splitting is recognized as an ideal way to address the growing energy crisis and environmental *** a typical PeC cell,the construction of photoanodes is crucial to guarantee the high efficiency and stability of PeC reactions,which fundamentally rely on rationally designed semiconductors(as the active materials)and substrates(as the current collectors).In this review work,we start with a brief introduction of the roles of substrates in the PeC ***,we provide a systematic overview of representative strategies for the controlled fabrication of photoanodes on rationally designed substrates,including conductive glass,metal,sapphire,silicon,silicon carbide,and flexible ***,some prospects concerning the challenges and research directions in this area are proposed.

关键词： hydrogen photoanode photoelectrochemical substrates water splitting

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Modelling the water diversion of a sustainable cover system under humid climates

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2429-2440页

作者： Haowen Guo Charles Wang wai Ng Qi Zhang Chuanxiang Qu Liwen Hu Shenzhen Research Institute of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518057China Department of Civil and environmental engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SAR999077China CCCC Fourth Harbor engineering Institute Co. LtdGuangzhou510230China

extreme rainfall significantly threatens the safety of the landfill cover system,especially under humid *** study aims to provide design recommendations for a sustainable landfill cover system consisting of a low-permeability soil layer underlying a two-layer capillary barrier for humid ***,the numerical back-analysis was conducted for verification against a series of flume model ***,a parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of inclination angle,particle size and layer thickness on the lateral diversion length(DL)of the three-layer cover system under the 100-year return period rainfall of humid *** results show that the water lateral DL of the cover system can be greatly.enhanced by increasing the inclination angle from 3°to 18°.Moreover,the bottom layer of the cover system with a coarser d10 was more susceptible to the impact of the heavy rainfall,while this can be alleviated by increasing the thickness of the bottom layer.A dimensionless number,defined as the ratio of thickness and d_(10) of the bottom layer,is proposed for designing lateral diversion of the three-layer cover system under humid *** preserve the maximum DL,it is suggested that the proposed dimensionless number should be larger than 95 and 110 for the design of rainfall events with 50-year and 100-year return periods for humid climates,respectively.

关键词： Unsaturated soil Recycling Construction waste Three-layer landfill cover Water infiltration

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Heterogeneous Cu_(x)O Nano‑Skeletons from Waste electronics for enhanced Glucose Detection

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 554-568页

作者： yexin Pan Ruohan yu yalong Jiang Haosong Zhong Qiaoyaxiao yuan Connie Kong wai Lee Rongliang yang Siyu Chen yi Chen Wing yan Poon Mitch Guijun Li Center on Smart Manufacturing Division of Integrative Systems and DesignThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077People’s Republic of China The Sanya Science and education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of Technology Sanya 572000People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200People’s Republic of China

electronic waste(e-waste)and diabetes are global challenges to modern ***,solving these two challenges together has been challenging until ***,we propose a laser-induced transfer method to fabricate portable glucose sensors by recycling copper from *** bring up a laser-induced full-automatic fabrication method for synthesizing continuous heterogeneous Cu_(x)O(h-Cu_(x)O)nano-skeletons electrode for glucose sensing,offering rapid(ean,air-compatible,and continuous fabrication,applicable to a wide range of Cu-containing *** this approach,h-Cu_(x)O nanoskeletons,with an inner core predominantly composed of Cu_(2)O with lower oxy.en content,juxtaposed with an outer layer rich in amorphous Cu_(x)O(a-Cu_(x)O)with higher oxy.en content,are derived from discarded printed circuit *** employed in glucose detection,the h-Cu_(x)O nano-skeletons undergo a structural evolution process,transitioning into rigid Cu_(2)O@CuO nano-skeletons prompted by.electrochemical *** transformation y.elds exceptional glucose-sensing performance(sensitivity:9.893 mA mM^(-1) cm^(-2);detection limit:0.34μM),outperforming most previously reported glucose *** functional theory analysis elucidates that the heterogeneous structure facilitates gluconolactone *** glucose detection device has also been downsized to optimize its scalability and portability for convenient integration into people’s everyday lives.

关键词： Copper oxide electron 3D tomography e-waste Glucose detection electrochemical activation

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Discrete Choice Analysis of Temporal Factors on Social Network Growth

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Intelligent Information Management 2024年第1期16卷 21-34页

作者： Kwok-wai Cheung yuk Tai Siu School of Communication The Hang Seng University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Social networks like Facebook, X (Twitter), and LinkedIn provide an interaction and communication environment for users to generate and share content, allowing for the observation of social behaviours in the digital world. These networks can be viewed as a collection of nodes and edges, where users and their interactions are represented as nodes and the connections between them as edges. Understanding the factors that contribute to the formation of these edges is important for studying network structure and processes. This knowledge can be applied to various areas such as identifying communities, recommending friends, and targeting online advertisements. Several factors, including node popularity and friends-of-friends relationships, influence edge formation and network growth. This research focuses on the temporal activity of nodes and its impact on edge formation. Specifically, the study.examines how the minimum age of friends-of-friends edges and the average age of all edges connected to potential target nodes influence the formation of network edges. Discrete choice analysis is used to analy.e the combined effect of these temporal factors and other well-known attributes like node degree (i.e., the number of connections a node has) and network distance between nodes. The findings reveal that temporal properties have a similar impact as network proximity in predicting the creation of links. By incorporating temporal features into the models, the accuracy of link prediction can be further improved.

关键词： Discrete Choice Models Temporal Factors Social Network Link Prediction Network Growth

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Surgical intervention combined with weight-bearing walking training promotes recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord injury:a randomized controlled study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2773-2784页

作者： Hui Zhu James D.Guest Sarah Dunlop Jia-Xin Xie Sujuan Gao Zhuojing Luo Joe e.Springer Wutian Wu Wise young wai Sang Poon Song Liu Hongkun Gao Tao yu Dianchun Wang Libing Zhou Shengping Wu Lei Zhong Fang Niu Xiaomei Wang yansheng Liu Kwok-Fai So Xiao-Ming Xu Kunming Tongren Hospital KunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure ParalysisMiller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA School of Biological Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia Minderoo Foundation PerthWAAustralia Clinical Center for Spinal Cord Injury Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military CommandKunmingYunnan ProvinceChina Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Orthopedic Spinal Surgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Kentucky College of MedicineLexingtonKYUSA Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina W.M.Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA Neurosurgery Department Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalHong Kong Special Administration RegionChina Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

For patients with chronic spinal cord injury,the co nventional treatment is rehabilitation and treatment of spinal cord injury complications such as urinary tract infection,pressure sores,osteoporosis,and deep vein *** is rarely perfo rmed on spinal co rd injury in the chronic phase,and few treatments have been proven effective in chronic spinal cord injury *** of effective therapies fo r chronic spinal co rd injury patients is *** conducted a randomized controlled clinical trial in patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal co rd injury to compare intensive rehabilitation(weight-bearing walking training)alone with surgical intervention plus intensive *** clinical trial was registered at ***(NCT02663310).The goal of surgical intervention was spinal cord detethering,restoration of cerebrospinal fluid flow,and elimination of residual spinal cord *** found that surgical intervention plus weight-bearing walking training was associated with a higher incidence of American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement,reduced spasticity,and more rapid bowel and bladder functional recovery than weight-bearing walking training ***,the surgical procedures and intensive rehabilitation were *** Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale improvement was more common in T7-T11 injuries than in T2-T6 *** combined with rehabilitation appears to have a role in treatment of chronic spinal cord injury patients.

关键词： chronic spinal cord injury intensive rehabilitation locomotor training neurological recovery surgical intervention weightbearing walking training

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evaluating the feasibility and preliminary.effects of an online compassion training program for nursing students:A pilot randomized controlled trial

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2024年第4期11卷 421-428,I0001页

作者： Zhi yang Mimi Mun y.e Tse Huiting Huang Haiyun Fang Joanne wai y.e Chung Doris yin Kei Chong Thomas Kwok Shing Wong School of Nursing and Health Studies Hong Kong Metropolitan UniversityHong KongChina School of Nursing and Health Guangzhou Nanfang CollegeGuangzhouChina School of Nursing Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina

Objectives:This study aimed to assess the feasibility of an online compassion training program for nursing students and preliminarily investigate its effects on mindfulness,self-compassion,and stress ***:This study.employed a randomized controlled trial ***-year students from a nursing college in Guangzhou,China,were recruited as research participants in August *** intervention group participated in an 8-week online compassion training program via the WeChat platform,comprising three stages:mindfulness(weeks 1e2),self-compassion(weeks 3e5),and compassion for others(weeks 6 e8).each stage included four activities:psychoeducation,mindfulness practice,weekly diary,and emotional *** feasibility was assessed through recruitment and retention rates,program engagement,and participant *** effectiveness was measured with the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale,Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form,and Perceived Stress ***:A total of 28 students completed the study(13 in the intervention group,15 in the control group).The recruitment rate was 36.46%,with a high retention rate of 93.3%.Participants demonstrated high engagement:69.2%accessed learning materials every 1e2 days,93.3%practiced mindfulness at least weekly,with an average of 4.69 diary.entries submitted per person and 23.30 WeChat interactions with *** acceptability,all participants expressed satisfaction with the program,with 92.4%ﬁnding it“very helpful”or“extremely helpful.”In terms of intervention effects,the intervention group showed a signiﬁcant increase in mindfulness levels from pre-intervention(51.54±10.93)to postintervention(62.46±13.58)(Pe no signiﬁcant change was observed in the control *** there were no statistically signiﬁcant differences between the two groups in post-intervention self-compassion and perceived stress levels,the intervention group showed positive trends:selfcompassion levels increased(35

关键词： empathy Mindfulness Nursing students Self-compassion Training

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effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on incidence and treatment strategies of hepatocellular carcinoma in people with chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第2期16卷 211-228页

作者： Lung-yi Mak Matthew Shing Hin Chung Xue Li Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai eric yuk Fai Wan Celine Sze Ling Chui Franco Wing Tak Cheng esther wai yin Chan Ching Lung Cheung Ivan Chi Ho Au Xi Xiong wai-Kay Seto Man-Fung y.en Carlos King Ho Wong Ian Chi Kei Wong Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health(D24H) Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong KongChina Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Nursing The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Department of Practice and Policy University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom Aston School of Pharmacy Aston UniversityBirmingham B47ETUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Chronic liver disease(CLD)was associated with adverse clinical outcomes among people with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)*** To determine the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the incidence and treatment strategy of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)among patients with *** A retrospective,territory-wide cohort of CLD patients was identified from an electronic health database in Hong *** with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection[coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)+CLD]between January 1,2020 and October 25,2022 were identified and matched 1:1 by propensity-score with those without(COVID-19-CLD).each patient was followed up until death,outcome event,or November 15,*** outcome was incidence of *** outcomes included all-cause mortality,adverse hepatic outcomes,and different treatment strategies to HCC(curative,non-curative treatment,and palliative care).Analy.es were further stratified by acute(within 20 d)and post-acute(21 d or beyond)phases of SARS-CoV-2 *** rate ratios(IRRs)were estimated by Poisson regression *** Of 193589 CLD patients(>95%non-cirrhotic)in the cohort,55163 patients with COVID-19+CLD and 55163 patients with COVID-19-CLD were included after 1:1 propensity-score *** 249-d median follow-up,COVID-19+CLD was not associated with increased risk of incident HCC(IRR:1.19,95%CI:0.99-1.42,P=0.06),but higher risks of receiving palliative care for HCC(IRR:1.60,95%CI:1.46-1.75,Ped to *** both acute and post-acute phases of infection,COVID-19+CLD were associated with increased risks of allcause mortality(acute:IRR:7.06,95%CI:5.78-8.63,Pe:IRR:1.24,95%CI:1.14-1.36,Perse hepatic outcomes(acute:IRR:1.98,95%CI:1.79-2.18,Pe:IRR:1.24,95%CI:1.13-1.35,Ped to *** Although CLD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were not associated with increased risk of HCC,they

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 infection Chronic liver disease Long COVID Post-COVID-19 syndrome Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma

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