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Metabolic memory:mechanisms and diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1086-1114页

作者： Hao Dong Yuezhang Sun Lulingxiao Nie Aimin Cui Pengfei Zhao wai keung leung Qi Wang State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Prosthodontics West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina Periodontology and Implant Dentistry Division Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Metabolic diseases and their complications impose health and economic burdens *** from past experimental studies and clinical trials suggests our body may have the ability to remember the past metabolic environment,such as hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia,thus leading to chronic inflammatory disorders and other diseases even after the elimination of these metabolic *** long-term effects of that aberrant metabolism on the body have been summarized as metabolic memory and are found to assume a crucial role in states of health and *** molecular mechanisms collectively participate in metabolic memory management,resulting in different cellular alterations as well as tissue and organ dysfunctions,culminating in disease progression and even affecting *** elucidation and expansion of the concept of metabolic memory provides more comprehensive insight into pathogenic mechanisms underlying metabolic diseases and complications and promises to be a new target in disease detection and ***,we retrace the history of relevant research on metabolic memory and summarize its salient *** provide a detailed discussion of the mechanisms by which metabolic memory may be involved in disease development at molecular,cellular,and organ levels,with emphasis on the impact of epigenetic ***,we present some of the pivotal findings arguing in favor of targeting metabolic memory to develop therapeutic strategies for metabolic diseases and provide the latest reflections on the consequences of metabolic memory as well as their implications for human health and diseases.

关键词： diseases metabolism alterations

Clinical significance of hepatic derangement in severe acute respiratory syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第14期11卷 2148-2153页

作者： Henry Lik-Yuen Chan Ambrose Chi-Pong Kwan Ka-Fai To Sik-To Lai Paul Kay-Sheung Chan wai-keung leung Nelson Lee Alan Wu joseph jao-yiu sung Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SARChina Department of Medicine Princess Margaret Hospital Hong Kong SARChina Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SARChina Department of Microbiology Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SARChina

AIM:Elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level is commonly seen among patients suffering from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). We report the progression and clinical significance of liver derangement in a large cohort of SARS patient. METHODS: Serial assay of serum ALT was followed in patients who fulfilled the WHO criteria of SARS. Those with elevated ALT were compared with those with normal liver functions for clinical outcome. Serology for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was checked. Adverse outcomes were defined as oxygen desaturation, need of intensive care unit (ICU) and mechanical ventilation and death. RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety-four patients were included in this study. Seventy (24%) patients had elevated serum ALT on admission and 204 (69%) patients had elevated ALT during the subsequent course of illness. Using peak ALT >5xULN as a cut-off and after adjusting for potential confounding factors, the odds ratio of peak ALT >5x ULN for oxygen desaturation was 3.24 (95%CI 1.23-8.59, P= 0.018), ICU care was 3.70 (95%CI 1.38-9.89, P= 0.009), mechanical ventilation was 6.64 (95%CI 2.22-19.81, P = 0.001) and death was 7.34 (95%CI 2.28-24.89, P= 0.001). Ninety-three percent of the survived patients had ALT levels normalized or were on the improving trend during follow-up. Chronic hepatitis B was not associated with worse clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: Reactive hepatitis is a common complication of SARS-coronavirus infection. Those patients with severe hepatitis had worse clinical outcome.

关键词： SARS Hepatitis Hepatitis B virus Coronavirus

Follow up of serial urea breath test results in patients after consumption of antibiotics for non-gastric infections

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2002年第4期8卷 703-706页

作者： wai-keung leung Lawrence Cheung-Tsui Hung Carrie Ka-Li Kwok Rupert Wing-Loong Leong Daniel Kwok-keung Ng joseph jao-yiu sung Department of Medicine & Therapeutics Prince of Wales Hospitalthe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics Kwong Wah HospitalKowloonHong KongChina

AIM: The widespread use of antibacterial therapy hasbeen suggested to be the cause for the decline in theprevalence of Helicobacter pyloriinfection. This studyexamine the serial changes of urea breath test resultsin a group of hospitalized patients who were givenantibacterial therapy for non-gastric ***: Thirty-five hospitalized patients who weregiven antibacterial therapy for clinical infections,predominantly chest and urinary infections, werestudied. Most (91%) patients were given singleantibiotic of either a penicillin or cephalosporin *** 13C-urea breath tests were performed within 24hours of initiation of antibiotics, at one-week and atsix-week post-therapy. H. pylori infection wasdiagnosed when one or more urea breath tests ***: All 35 patients completed three serial ureabreath tests and 26 (74 %) were H. pylori-positive. Ten(38 %) H. pylori-infected patients had at least onenegative breath test results during the study *** medium delta 13C values were significantly lowerat baseline (8.8) than at one-week (20.3) and six-week(24.5) post-treatment in H. pylori-positive individuals(P=0.022). Clearance of H. pyloriat six-week was onlyseen in one patient who had received anti-helicobactertherapy from another ***: Our results suggested that one-third ofH. pylori-infected individuals had transient false-negative urea breath test results during treatment withantibacterial agent. However, clearance of H. pyloriinfection by regular antibiotic consumption is rare.

关键词：抗生素 HP感染连续尿素呼吸试验耐药

Contents of four active components in different commercial crude drugs and preparations of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza)

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2002年第12期23卷 110-115页

作者： Susan wai Sum leung,Yaw Loong SIOW,Ricky Ying keung MAN Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Hong Kong China Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Hong Kong China Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Hong Kong China Department of Pharmacology University of Hong Kong 21 Sassoon Road Hong Kong China

AIM: To detect the contents of four active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza in various commercially available danshen crude drugs and preparations. METHODS: Commercially available danshen crude drugs from different sources, as well as danshen pills and intravenous injection preparations containing danshen alone or in combination with other herbs were collected. The composition of these danshen samples was analyzed using HPLC. Specifically, the amounts of magnesium tanshinoate B (MTB), danshensu, isotanshinone IIA, and ctyptotanshinone were determined. In some of these samples, the content of MTB was further confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (LC-MS)/MS method. RESULTS: There were great variations in the amount of the four active ingredients in the commercially available danshen crude drugs and drug preparations in this study. The amount of MTB was the highest among the four components measured in the crude drugs. However, the amounts of MTB in all danshen preparations were much

关键词： Salvia miltiorrhiza magnesium tanshinoate B (MTB) high pressure liquid chromatography

Effect of oral erythromycin on gastric and small bowel transit time of capsule endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第31期11卷 4865-4868页

作者： wai K leung Francis KL Chan Sara SL Fung Mei-Yin Wong joseph JY sung Digestive Diseases Center

AIM： To determine the effect of oral erythromycin on gastric and small bowel transit time of capsule endoscopy. METHODS： Consecutive patients who underwent capsule endoscopy during the 16-mo study period were either given 250 mg oral erythromycin, 1 h prior to swallowing the capsule endoscope or nothing. The gastric and small bowel transit time, and the small bowel image quality were compared. RESULTS： Twenty-four patients received oral erythromycin whereas 14 patients were not given any prokinetic agent. Patients who received erythromycin had a significantly lower gastric transit time than control （16 min vs70 min, P= 0.005）, whereas the small bowel transit time was comparable between the two groups （227 rain vs 183 min, P= 0.18）. Incomplete small bowel examination was found in three patients of the control group and in one patient of the erythromycin group. There was no significant difference in the overall quality of small bowel images between the two groups. A marked reduction in gastric transit time was noted in two patients who had repeat capsule endoscopy after oral erythromycin. CONCLUSION： Use of oral erythromycin significantly reduces the gastric transit time of capsule endoscopy.

关键词： Capsule endoscopy Erythromycin Prokinetic

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors in a cohort of Chinese patients in Hong Kong

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第14期12卷 2223-2228页

作者： Kam Hoi Chan Chun Wing Chan wai Hung Chow wai keung Kwan Chi Kwan Kong Ka Fung Mak Miu Yi leung Lin Kiu Lau Department of Medicine Yan Chai Hospital Tsuen Wan Hong Kong SAR China Department of Surgery Yan Chai Hospital Tsuen Wan Hong Kong SAR China Department of Radiology Yah Chai Hospital Tsuen Wan Hong Kong SAR Chin Department of Pathology Yah Chai Hospital Tsuen Wan Hong Kong SAR China

AIM： To investigate the prevalence and clinical pattern of gastrointestinal stromal tumors （GISTs） in Hong Kong Chinese, and to assess the impact of introduction of CD117 on the disease incidence. METHODS： From the database of the Department of Pathology of Yan Chai Hospital, 47 patients, with GISTs from September 1995 to December 2003 were included in this study. Ten GISTs were diagnosed before the introduction of CD117. The clinical features, tumor characteristics, and treatment were analyzed. Factors predicting tumor related death or recurrence were studied with Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS： The patients included 26 males and 21 females, with a mean age of 66.6 years （SD 13.1, range 29-87 years）. The estimated prevalence of GISTs was 13.4-15.6 per 100 000 people, with an annual inddence of 1.68-1.96 per 100 000 people. The annual incidence of GISTs before and after the introduction of CD117 was 1.1 per 100 000 people and 2.1 per 100 000 people respectively. Stomach （34 patients, 72.3%） was the most common location for the tumor, followed by the small intestine （8 patients, 17.0%）, esophagus （2 patients, 4.3%）, omentum （2 patients, 4.3%） and colon （1 patient, 2.1%）. Thirty-one patients （66%） had complete tumor resection. Eleven out of 16 deaths （23%） were tumor-related. The median survival time was 26 too. Five-year survival rate was 61.3%. The significant factors associated with tumor-related death or recurrence were incomplete resection, tumor size 5 cm or above, invasion to the adjacent organ or presence of metastasis, CONCLUSION： The incidence of GIST in Hong Kong is comparable to that in the United States but lower than that in Finland. The true incidence of GISTs could be underestimated before the introduction of CD117. Incomplete resection, tumor size 5 cm or above, invasion to the adjacent organ or presence of metastasis are factors predicting tumor-related death or recurrence.

关键词： Gastrointestinal tumor GIST Prognostic factors, Clinical features Incidence

Acupuncture improves cognitive function A systematic review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第18期8卷 1673-1684页

作者： Mason Chin Pang leung Ka keung Yip Chung Tsung Lam Ka Shun Lam wai Lau Wing Lam Yu Amethyst King Man leung Kwok-fai So Department of Rehabilitation Sciences the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Cambridge Regional College Department of Anatomy and the State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science the University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan University

BACKGROUND： Acupuncture has been used as a treatment for cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE： This review assesses clinical evidence for or against acupuncture as a treatment for cognitive impairment. This review also discusses the proposed mechanism（s） that could link acupuncture to improved cognitive function. METHODS： We searched the literature using PolyUone search from its inception to January 2013, with full text available and language limited to English. Levels of evidence were examined using Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine-Levels of Evidence （March, 2009）. RESULTS： Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria： 3 human studies and 9 animal studies. Levels of evidence ranged from level lb to level 5. CONCLUSION： Most animal studies demonstrated a positive effect of acupuncture on cognitive impairment. However, the results of human studies were inconsistent. Further high-quality human studies with greater statistical power are needed to determine the effectiveness of acupuncture and an optimal protocol.

关键词： neural regeneration dementia acupuncture electroacupuncture learning cognitive cognition memory neuroregeneration

Icteric flare of chronic hepatitis B in a 95-year old patient

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第12期9卷 2876-2877页

作者： WS Wong wai keung leung Henry L Y Chan Department of Medicine and Therapeutics the Prince of Wales HospitalHong Kong SARThe Chinese University of Hong Kong

A 95-year old gentleman developed fatal icteric flare of chronic hepatitis B despite lamivudine treatment. This article highlights the atypical presentations of chronic hepatitis B in elderly patient and the need to c... 详细信息

关键词：慢性乙型肝炎高龄患者黄疸拉米夫定急性暴发性肝炎

Determinants for asthma control, quality of life and use of complementary and alternative medicine in asthmatic pediatric patients in four cities

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第5期14卷 482-491页

作者： Kam Lun Hon Yan Min Bao Kate C.Chan Kin wai Chau Rong-Shan Chen Kun Tat Gary Cheok Wa keung Chiu Li Deng Chun-Hui He Kin Mui Ieong Jeng Sum C.Kung Ping Lam Shu Yan David Lam Qun Ui Lee So Lun Lee Ting Fan leung Theresa N.H.leung Lei Shi Ka Ka Siu Wei-Ping Tan Maggie Haitian Wang Tak wai Wong Bao-Jing Wu Ada Y.F.Yip Yue-Jie Zheng Daniel K.Ng Department of Pediatrics The Chinese University of Hong Kong 6/F Prince of Wales HospitalRoom 84042ShatinN.THong Kong SARChina Department ofR espiratory Diseases Shenzhen Children’s HospitalShenzhen 518026China Hong Kong Society of P ediatric Respirology and Aller gy Hong K ong S ARChina Pediatric Respiratory andSleep Disorders Center Room 1315DArgyle Centre Phase 1688 Nathan RoadMongkokKowloonHong K ong S ARChina Department of R espiration Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou 510623China Department of P ediatrics Kiang Wu HospitalMacaoChina Department of P ediatrics and A dolescent Medicine United Christian Hospital130Hip Wo StreetKwun TongHong K ong S ARChina Department of P ediatrics Central Hospital Conde S.JanuarioMacaoChina Department of P ediatrics and A dolescent Medicine Caritas Medical Center111Wing Hong StreetSham Shui PoHong K ong S ARChina Department of P ediatrics and A dolescent Medicine Tuen Mun Hospital23 Tsing Chung Koon RoadTuen MunNewT erritoriesHongK ongS ARChina Department of P ediatrics and A dolescent Medicine Princess Margaret Hospital2-10 Princess Margaret Hospital RoadLai Chi KokKowloonHong K ong S ARChina Department of P ediatrics and A dolescent Medicine Queen Mary Hospital102Pokfulam RoadHong K ong S ARChina Department of P ediatrics and A dolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong K ong S ARChina Department of P ediatrics and A dolescent Medicine Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital3Lok Man RoadChaiwanHong K ong S ARChina Department of P ediatrics The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital1Haiyuan 1st RoadFutianShenzhenChina Department of P ediatrics and A dolescent Medicine Kwong Wah Hospital25 Waterloo RoadKLN Hong K ong S ARChina Department of P ediatrics Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China JC School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong K ong S ARChina Department of P ediatrics and A dolescen

Background Asthma is a significant chronic health problem worldwide. Management aims at disease control by reducing functional impairment and exacerbations and improving quality of life (QoL). We report a multi-center study to survey asthma control and QoL in four cities in the Pearl River Delta. Methods The conjoint survey involved ten Hong Kong pediatric hospitals/units, two Shenzhen hospitals, two Macao hos-pitals, and two Guangzhou hospitals on asthma control (using Asthma Control Test) and QoL (Pediatric Allergic Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire, PADQLQ). Acceptability of a treatment is graded as very good/good/fair/poor. Results Good asthma control was only reported in 80% subjects in Hong Kong, but higher in sister cities (85–94%, P<0.001). Allergic rhinitis, 'incense burning', and 'smoker in family' were prevalent among the four cities. Logistic regres-sion showed better control of asthma was associated with better PADQLQ (B=?0.029, P < 0.001), better acceptability of bronchodilator (B=?1.488, P = 0.025), negatively with 'smoker in family' (B=?0.83, P = 0.015) and various PADQLQ domains. Conversely, worse PADQLQ was associated with allergic rhinitis severity (B=4.77, P <0.001), poor control of asthma (B=7.56, P <0.001), increased frequency of traditional Chinese medicine use (B=1.7, P < 0.05), increased fre-quency of bronchodilator usage (B=1.05, P < 0.05), 'smoker in family' (B=4.05, P < 0.05), and incense burning at home (B=3.9, P < 0.05). Conclusions There are some clinical and cultural differences among the four southern Chinese cities within the Guangdong province. This study identifies potentially modifiable environmental and treatment factors associated with poor asthma control and QoL for health-care interventions. Having a smoker in the family is independently associated with poor asthma control and QoL.

关键词： Asthma Complementary and alternative medicine Control Inhaled bronchodilator Inhaled corticosteroid Pediatric Allergic Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire Smoking Traditional Chinese medicine