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Evaluation of soil loss severity and ecological restoration approach for sustainable agriculture in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalaya region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1509-1521页

作者： arshad ASHRAF Imran AHMAD Climate Energy and Water Research InstituteNational Agricultural Research Centre(NARC)Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Soil erosion has resulted in removal of the topsoils containing fine soil particles and plant nutrients, causing decrease in soil fertility in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalaya(HKH) region. The existing production of cereal crop grains has been reduced to one third of the potential crop grains production owing to land degradation and poor farming practices. It is necessary to assess risk of soil loss and identify appropriate controlling measures to address issues of low agriculture productivity and water insecurity in the region. In the present study, severity of soil loss was predicted using Revised Universal Loss Equation(RUSLE) and ecological measures were identified for sustainable mountain agriculture in the HKH region of Upper Indus Basin, Pakistan. Overall 62.6% area was found to have very low risk of soil loss, i.e., 100 t/(ha·yr) in about 6.8% and 7.4% areas respectively. The mean rate of soil loss was about 41.9 t/(ha·yr) in the Hindu Kush, 31.1 t/(ha·yr) in the Himalayas, 18.8 t/(ha·yr) in the Karakoram and overall 29.7 t/(ha·yr) in the three HKH ranges. As such no considerable measures have been adopted by the communities for restoration of the degraded areas except raising fruit/farm trees and supporting limited social forestry for their livelihoods. The slopes cleared for cultivation and susceptible to erosion may be stabilized through sowing/planting of multi-purpose plant species and formation of proper bench terraces. The conservation of forest ecosystem and pastures at higher elevations would help in reducing overland water flow, risk of flash flood hazard and minimizing sediment loads in the downstream. It is essential to adopt site-specific resource conservation techniques and restore possible ecosystem health for sustainable agriculture and economic development in the region in future.

关键词： Climate change Erodibility Indus basin Land degradation Slope stabilization

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Aberrant adult neurogenesis in intractable epilepsy:can GABAergic progenitor transplantation normalize this process?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1419-1420页

作者： Muhammad N.arshad Janice R.Naegele Department of Biology Wesleyan UniversityMiddletownCTUSA Department of Neuroscience Tufts University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA

Temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE) is a common type of focal epilepsy characterized by seizure foci within the temporal lobes.While surgical resection of the foci is an established and effective approach for controlling seizures,both temporal lobes cannot be removed,due to their prominent roles in learning and memory.Additionally,seizures induce changes to the temporal lobes that contribute to hyperexcitability,including mossy fiber sprouting,astrogliosis.

关键词： epilepsy progenitor seizures

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Predicting Age and Gender in Author Profiling: A Multi-Feature Exploration

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3333-3353页

作者： Aiman Muhammad arshad Bilal Khan Sadique Ahmad Muhammad Asim Department of Computer Science City University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan EIAS:Data Science and Blockchain Laboratory College of Computer and Information SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia School of Computer Science and Technology Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou510006China

Author Profiling (AP) is a subsection of digital forensics that focuses on the detection of the author’s personalinformation, such as age, gender, occupation, and education, based on various linguistic features, e.g., stylistic,semantic, and syntactic. The importance of AP lies in various fields, including forensics, security, medicine, andmarketing. In previous studies, many works have been done using different languages, e.g., English, Arabic, French,etc.However, the research on RomanUrdu is not up to the mark.Hence, this study focuses on detecting the author’sage and gender based on Roman Urdu text messages. The dataset used in this study is Fire’18-MaponSMS. Thisstudy proposed an ensemble model based on AdaBoostM1 and Random Forest (AMBRF) for AP using multiplelinguistic features that are stylistic, character-based, word-based, and sentence-based. The proposed model iscontrasted with several of the well-known models fromthe literature, including J48-Decision Tree (J48),Na飗e Bays(NB), K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Composite Hypercube on Random Projection (CHIRP), NB-Updatable,RF, and AdaboostM1. The overall outcome shows the better performance of the proposed AdaboostM1 withRandom Forest (ABMRF) with an accuracy of 54.2857% for age prediction and 71.1429% for gender predictioncalculated on stylistic features. Regarding word-based features, age and gender were considered in 50.5714% and60%, respectively. On the other hand, KNN and CHIRP show the weakest performance using all the linguisticfeatures for age and gender prediction.

关键词： Digital forensics author profiling for security AdaBoostM1 random forest ensemble learning

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Tuning structural,electrical,dielectric and magnetic properties of Mg-Cu-Co ferrites via dysprosium(Dy^(3+))doping

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 137-146,I0005页

作者： Maria Akhtar M.S.Hasan Nasir Amin N.A.Morley Muhammad Imran arshad Department of Physics Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Physics The University of Lahore53700Pakistan Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of SheffieldS13JDUK Department of Physics&Astronomy University College LondonUK

In current research work,Dy3+substituted Mg0.5Cu0.25Co0.25Fe2-xDyxO4(0.0≤x≤0.04 with the step interval of 0.01)soft ferrites were synthesized by the sol-gel auto combustion method.The prepared samples were characterized by the techniques using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,curre nt-voltage(Ⅰ-Ⅴ)measurement,LCR meter,vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)and Raman.XRD data reveal that the average crystallite size is 49.71 nm and the lattice constant is 0.83703 nm for sample x=0.03.The non-uniform grain growth was demonstrated by micrographs and impurity-free elemental composition was observed from EDX analysis.The DC resistivity has an increasing and decreasing trend in ferromagnetic and paramagnetic regions with an increase in temperature.Moreover,the high resistivity is observed with the order of 1010Ω·cm,and the activation energy is 0.944 eV for samples x=0.03.The dielectric parameters including dielectric constant,dielectric losses,and impedance gradually decrease with the increase in frequency from 8 Hz to 8 MHz.The minimum dielectric loss at high frequency is found for sample x=0.03.The coercivity(Hc)and saturation magnetization(Ms)are found in the ranges of 520.82-544.02 Oe and 20.5841-21.1473 emu/g,respectively.These observations confirm that dysprosium(x=0.03)doped MCC-soft ferrites may be applicable in transformer cores,microwave absorbance,and telecommunication devices.

关键词： Soft ferrites DC resistivity Dielectric loss Impedance Coercivity Rare earths

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Review on current development of polybenzimidazole membrane for lithium battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 579-608页

作者： Yonggui Deng arshad Hussain Waseem Raza Xingke Cai Dongqing Liu Jun Shen College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management(IRC-HTCM) King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsKFUPM Box 504031261 DhahranSaudi Arabia Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina

With the rapid development of portable technology,lithium batteries have emerged as potential candidates for high-performance energy storage systems owing to their high energy density and cycling stability.Among the key components of a lithium battery system,the separator plays a critical role as it directly influences the battery performance benchmark(cycling performance and safety).However,traditional polyolefin separators(polypropylene/polyethylene)are unable to meet the demands of highperformance and safer battery systems due to their poor electrolyte compatibility,thermal runaways,and ultimate growth of dendrites.In contrast,membranes fabricated using polybenzimidazole(PBI)exhibit excellent electrolyte wettability and outstanding thermal dimensional stability,thus holding great potential as separators for high-performance and high-safety batteries.In this paper,we present a comprehensive review of the general requirements for separators,synthesis technology for separators,and research trends focusing PBI membranes in lithium batteries to alleviate the current commercial challenges faced by conventional polyolefin separators.In addition,we discuss the future development direction for PBI battery separators by considering various factors such as production cost,ecological footprint,preparation technology,and battery component compatibility.By exploring these perspectives,we aim to promote the continued application and exploration of PBI-based materials to advance lithium battery technology.

关键词： Lithium batteries Separators Porous separators Polybenzimidazole Membrane

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Natural history and surgical treatment of a giant colonic diverticulum:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第17期12卷 3151-3155页

作者： arshad M Bachelani Department of Surgery Independence HealthGreensburgPA 15601United States

BACKGROUND While diverticular disease is prevalent in the West,the formation of giant colonic diverticula is rare.To date,approximately 200 cases have been reported,with only a handful treated surgically using a minimally invasive approach.Furthermore,the natural history of giant colonic diverticula is not well documented.CASE SUMMARY This report describes the case of a 66-year-old man who developed a giant colonic diverticulum with primary symptoms including dull and chronic pain in the right lower quadrant at presentation.The patient had undergone several computed tomography scans of the abdomen and pelvis over the previous two years,through which the natural history of this rare entity could be retrospectively observed.The patient was successfully treated with a robot-assisted sigmoid colectomy and had an uneventful recovery with resolution of symptoms during the follow-up.CONCLUSION This rare case demonstrates the natural history of giant colonic diverticulum formation and supports the feasibility of robot-assisted surgery.

关键词： Giant colonic diverticulum Robotic colectomy Computed tomography Enhanced recovery Case report

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Ionic potency regulation of coagulation bath induced by saline solution to control over the pore structure of PBI membrane for highperformance lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 288-298页

作者： arshad Hussain Waseem Raza Andleeb Mehmood Sana Jalees Lihong Ao Yonggui Deng Aymeric Ramiere Xingke Cai Dongqing Liu College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina Institute of Carbon Neutrality Zhejiang Wanli UniversityNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering Dalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034LiaoningChina College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060GuangdongChina

In this study,we have explored the use of water as a non-solvent for tuning the microstructure of poly-benzimidazole(PBI)membranes,which are potential separators for lithium metal batteries(LMBs).The traditional method for membrane synthesis called nonsolvent-induced phase separation(NIPS),usually relies on hazardous and costly organic non-solvents.By dissolving sodium chloride(Nacl)in water,we could adjust the water ionic potency and the exchange speed of the non-solvent with the DMAC solution to change the micropore structure of the PBI membrane.With increasing Nacl concentration,the micro-pores in the PBI membrane transitioned from finger-like to sponge-like morphology.Compared to com-mercial separators like the Celgard separator,the PBI membrane with sponge-like micropores exhibited better regulation of lithium deposition and improved Li^(+) transportation capability due to its good wetta-bility with the electrolyte.Consequently,the PBI membrane-based Li/Li symmetric cell and Li/LiFePO_(4) full cell demonstrated superior performance compared to the Celgard-based ones.This research proposes an eco-friendly and scalable synthetic approach for fabricating commercial separators for LMBs,addressing the issue of lithium dendrite growth and improving overall battery safety and performance.

关键词： Lithium metal-based battery Salt-induced Polybenzimidazole Tunablemorphology lonic potency

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Securing Cloud-Encrypted Data:Detecting Ransomware-as-a-Service(RaaS)Attacks through Deep Learning Ensemble

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 857-873页

作者： Amardeep Singh Hamad Ali Abosaq Saad Arif Zohaib Mushtaq Muhammad Irfan Ghulam Abbas arshad Ali Alanoud Al Mazroa School of Computer Information Sciences University of CumberlandsWilliamsburgKentucky40769USA Computer Science Department College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer SystemsCollege of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering The University of LahoreLahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahMadinah42351Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Data security assurance is crucial due to the increasing prevalence of cloud computing and its widespread use across different industries,especially in light of the growing number of cybersecurity threats.A major and everpresent threat is Ransomware-as-a-Service(RaaS)assaults,which enable even individuals with minimal technical knowledge to conduct ransomware operations.This study provides a new approach for RaaS attack detection which uses an ensemble of deep learning models.For this purpose,the network intrusion detection dataset“UNSWNB15”from the Intelligent Security Group of the University of New South Wales,Australia is analyzed.In the initial phase,the rectified linear unit-,scaled exponential linear unit-,and exponential linear unit-based three separate Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP)models are developed.Later,using the combined predictive power of these three MLPs,the RansoDetect Fusion ensemble model is introduced in the suggested methodology.The proposed ensemble technique outperforms previous studieswith impressive performance metrics results,including 98.79%accuracy and recall,98.85%precision,and 98.80%F1-score.The empirical results of this study validate the ensemble model’s ability to improve cybersecurity defenses by showing that it outperforms individual MLPmodels.In expanding the field of cybersecurity strategy,this research highlights the significance of combined deep learning models in strengthening intrusion detection systems against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud encryption RaaS ensemble threat detection deep learning cybersecurity

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An Innovative Approach Using TKN-Cryptology for Identifying the Replay Assault

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 589-616页

作者： Syeda Wajiha Zahra Muhammad Nadeem Ali arshad Saman Riaz Muhammad Abu Bakr Ashit Kumar Dutta Zaid Alzaid Badr Almutairi Sultan Almotairi Department of Computer Science Alhamd Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Department of Computer Science National University of TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering National University of TechnologyIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlMaarefa UniversityRiyadh13713Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer and Information SystemsIslamic University of MadinahMedinah42351Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology CollegeMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Faculty of Community CollegeMajmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Various organizations store data online rather than on physical servers.As the number of user’s data stored in cloud servers increases,the attack rate to access data from cloud servers also increases.Different researchers worked on different algorithms to protect cloud data from replay attacks.None of the papers used a technique that simultaneously detects a full-message and partial-message replay attack.This study presents the development of a TKN(Text,Key and Name)cryptographic algorithm aimed at protecting data from replay attacks.The program employs distinct ways to encrypt plain text[P],a user-defined Key[K],and a Secret Code[N].The novelty of the TKN cryptographic algorithm is that the bit value of each text is linked to another value with the help of the proposed algorithm,and the length of the cipher text obtained is twice the length of the original text.In the scenario that an attacker executes a replay attack on the cloud server,engages in cryptanalysis,or manipulates any data,it will result in automated modification of all associated values inside the backend.This mechanism has the benefit of enhancing the detectability of replay attacks.Nevertheless,the attacker cannot access data not included in any of the papers,regardless of how effective the attack strategy is.At the end of paper,the proposed algorithm’s novelty will be compared with different algorithms,and it will be discussed how far the proposed algorithm is better than all other algorithms.

关键词： Replay attack malware message attack file encryption cryptology data security

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Integrated proteomic profiling identifies amino acids selectively cytotoxic to pancreatic cancer cells

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 138-145页

作者： Alfred Akinlalu Zachariah Flaten Komila Rasuleva Md Saimon Mia Aaron Bauer Santhalingam Elamurugan Nega Ejjigu Sudipa Maity Amara arshad Min Wu Wenjie Xia Jia Fan Ang Guo Sijo Mathew Dali Sun Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Denver2155 E Wesley AvenueDenverCO 80210USA Biomedical Engineering Program North Dakota State University1401 Centennial BoulevardEngineering AdministrationRoom 203FargoND 58102USA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyNorth Dakota State University1001 S.1401 Albrecht Boulevard Sudro HallFargoND 58102USA Materials and Nanotechnology Program North Dakota State University1410 North 14th AvenueCIE 201FargoND 58102USA Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhouZhejiang 325000China Department of Aerospace Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics Tulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AvenueNew OrleansLA 70112USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tulane University School of Medicine1430 Tulane AvenueNew OrleansLA 70112USA Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging University of Denver2155 E Wesley AvenueDenverCO 80210USA

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is one of the most deadly cancers,characterized by extremely limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis,as it is often diagnosed during late disease stages.Innovative and selective treatments are urgently needed,since current therapies have limited efficacy and significant side effects.Through proteomics analysis of extracellular vesicles,we discovered an imbalanced distribution of amino acids secreted by PDAC tumor cells.Our findings revealed that PDAC cells preferentially excrete proteins with certain preferential amino acids,including isoleucine and histidine,via extracellular vesicles.These amino acids are associated with disease progression and can be targeted to elicit selective toxicity to PDAC tumor cells.Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that supplementation with these specific amino acids effectively eradicated PDAC cells.Mechanistically,we also identified XRN1 as a potential target for these amino acids.The high selectivity of this treatment method allows for specific targeting of tumor metabolism with very low toxicity to normal tissues.Furthermore,we found this treatment approach is easy-to-administer and with sustained tumor-killing effects.Together,our findings reveal that exocytosed amino acids may serve as therapeutic targets for designing treatments of intractable PDAC and potentially offer alternative treatments for other types of cancers.

关键词： finding identif selectivity

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