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Emphysema versus Chronic Bronchitis in COPD: Clinical and Radiologic Characteristics

Open Journal of Radiology 2014年第2期4卷 155-162页

作者： wafaa ali hassan Eman Abo-Elhamd Chest and Radiology Departments Assiut University Assiut Egypt

Background and Objectives: In clinical practice, spirometry plays a key role in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), however, it provides no information about structural pulmonary abnormality. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is a relation between the clinical criteria and chest radiography or CT studies in differentiating chronic bronchitis from emphysema in COPD. Patients and methods: In a prospective study, data analysis on 165 COPD subjects who were enrolled between September, 2011 and December 2012 was completed. Data were collected including clinical characteristics of stable COPD, pulmonary function tests, chest X-ray and multidetector computerized tomography (MDCT) findings. Results: Emphysema was diagnosed in 90 (55%) of 165 CT scans. The median emphysema score was 58 (range 48 - 72) and significantly correlated with lower FEV1 values (r = 0.542, p = 0.003). In chronic bronchitis, bronchial wall thickening was diagnosed approximately as often in chest radiography (56%) as in CT (64%) as a major finding. Body mass index (BMI), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), and diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DL,CO) were significantly lower, whereas total lung capacity (TLC) was higher in patients with emphysema. Cardiovascular diseases and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) were more common in chronic bronchitis group. Conclusions: Chest radiography is a valuable, inexpensive means of diagnosing emphysema or bronchial wall thickening in chronic bronchitis. Emphysematous patients show a worse pulmonary function and a greater dyspnea. Greater comorbidity in chronic bronchitis may require specific treatment strategies in this subgroup.

关键词： COPD Chronic Bronchitis Chest X-Ray CT

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Predictors of Radiation Pneumonitis in Patients with Lung Cancer after Chemoradiotherapy

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2014年第2期4卷 27-33页

作者： wafaa ali hassan Mostafa Abd-Elwaness Chest Department Oncology Institute Assiut University Assiut Egypt

The reported incidence of radiation pneumonitis (RP) has varied widely in clinical studies ranging from 0% to 54%. This wide range is probably the result of differences in its precipitating factors. This study aimed to find out the predictive factors of RP in patients with NSCLC who were treated with concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CCRT). We prospectively studied 76 lung cancer patients who were treated with CCRT consecutively between January 2011 and May 2013 in the Department of Radiation Oncology at Cancer Institute, Assiut University. Radiographic images, pulmonary function tests and symptom assessment were used for the diagnosis of RP. Of the studied 76 patients, 25 patients developed RP (33%), 15 of them developed grade 2 RP, 8 patients developed grade 3 RP, 1 patient developed grade 4 toxicity, and 1 patient developed grade 5 toxicity. In multivariate analysis, FEV1 value (p = 0.000) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (p = 0.012) were the most significant factors associated with RP. Pretreatment FEV1 value and COPD are useful indicators for predicting RP in NSCLC patients treated with CCRT. Pretreatment of pulmonary function and base-line pulmonary disease is critical for patients’ well being after chemoradiotherapy.

关键词： NSCL RP CCRT Pulmonary Function Test

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Impact of Immunoglobulin E and Airway Obstruction on Bronchiectasis

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2014年第2期4卷 34-40页

作者： wafaa ali hassan Ibrahiem Shalan Mohammed Khalifa Chest Department Al-Azhar University Assiut Egypt Chest Department Assiut University Assiut Egypt

Introduction: Although an increased prevalence of airway obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity and allergic diseases such as asthma has been associated with bronchiectasis, studies investigating role of atopy in bronchiectasis are few and controversial. We have therefore studied IgE level and reversible airways obstruction in bronchiectasis which have not previously been evaluated in bronchiectasis. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted at Department of Chest Diseases of Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt from January 2012 to December 2013, all consecutive patients with bronchiectasis admitted to the department were enrolled to the study. Serum IgE, pulmonary function tests (PFT) and high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) were done to all cases. Results: Patients with high IgE (32/50) had longer disease duration and frequent history of allergic diseases. They also had significantly worse FEV1 (49.38 ± 12.65;p = 0.041) and FEV1/FVC (60.89 ± 13.52, p = 0.015) values. Mean HRCT score was significantly higher in patients with high IgE than in patients with normal (18/50) IgE (23.6 ± 10.1 and 7.83 ± 2.43 respectively). IgE showed positive correlation (r = 0.266, p = 0.015) with HRCT scores. Furthermore, the mean increase in FEV1 after inhalation of salbutamol was significantly greater (p = 0.002) in high IgE patients. Conclusions: In conclusion, IgE level is significantly high in bronchiectasis and it may lead to worse pulmonary function and more HRCT extent. Appreciable reversible airways obstruction should be sought in all cases of bronchiectasis and treated appropriately.

关键词： Atopy Bronchiectasis IgE

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Anterior Mediastinal Fat Changes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Preliminary Study

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2014年第1期4卷 18-21页

作者： wafaa ali hassan Eman Abo-Elhamd Chest and Radiology Departments Assiut University Hospital Assiut Egypt

Background: The mediastinum is composed primarily of fatty tissue that is surrounded by the lungs bilaterally. There is a lack in the published literature in studying changes in mediastinal fat in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The purpose of this study was to determine whether the shape and dimensions of the anterior mediastinal fat in patients with IPF are different from that of a normal control group and to correlate the changes with disease severity. Design and Setting: This prospective case control study was done at the chest department of Assiut University Hospital on IPF patients from May 2010-September 2012. A questionnaire containing questions such as age, sex, clinical findings, high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) score and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) was filled for patients and normal controls. Results: The IPF retrosternal AP dimension was significantly shorter (p = 0.03) and the transverse dimension was longer (p = 0.001) than that in the normal control group. The convex shape of the anterior mediastinum was predictive of IPF (p = 0.001), whereas concave shape was predictive of normal controls (p = 0.001). The change in anteroposterior diameter (AP) and transverse diameters showed significant correlation with the changes in FVC, DLCO and HRCT score. Conclusions: IPF patients had reduced retrosternal AP and increased transverse dimensions than those of the controls with convex shape of their anterior mediastinal fat. Changes in anterior mediastinal fat dimensions are correlated with lower FVC, DLCO and higher HRCT score. A larger sample size, better multicenteric study is needed to confirm the results of this study.

关键词： Mediastinum Fat Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis CT

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Impact of Cystic versus Cylindrical Types of Bronchiectasis on Pulmonary and Cardiac Functions

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2014年第1期4卷 12-17页

作者： wafaa ali hassan Ahmed Esmail Ziada Eman Abu El-hamd Chest Department Assiut University Hospital Assiut Egypt Internal Medicine Department Assiut University Hospital Assiut Egypt Radiology Department Assiut University Hospital Assiut Egypt

Background: The combination of the clinical features, HRCT score and echocardiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension help assess the prognosis in bronchiectasis. Aim: To test whether pulmonary and cardiac functions associated with bronchiectasis would differ according to its type (cystic versus cylindrical) utilizing HRCT score, PFTs and echocardiography. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients with bronchiectasis was conducted at Chest and Internal Medicine Departments at Assiut University Hospital, Egypt. The diagnosis of bronchiectasis type was based on HRCT findings. PFTs, HRCT score and echocardiography were assessed in all cases. Results: We studied 56 patients with bronchiectasis;31 were cystic (group A) and 25 were cylindrical (group B). Forced vital capacity (FVC%) and Dlco% were significantly lower in group A (P as compared with group B;whereas FEF 25%-75% and FEV1 (0.04) were lower in group B. Global HRCT score, RVD and SPAP were significantly higher in group A (P = 0.002) and correlated with FEV1% (r = ?0.51), and with SPAP (r = 0.16). Conclusions: Airway obstruction and small airway dysfunction were more significantly seen in cylindrical bronchiectasis. Patients with cystic bronchiectasis had significantly, higher global HRCT scores, RVD and SPAP. HRCT scores correlate with FEV 1% and SPAP and could be a predictor of future PH. Routine echocardiographic assessment of patients with bronchiectasis, particularly in those with cystic disease is highly recommended.

关键词： High Resolution Computerized Tomography Pulmonary Function Tests Right Ventricular Diameter Systolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure

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Value of Repeated Direct Smear Sputum Examination in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2014年第2期4卷 41-47页

作者： wafaa ali hassan Amany Omar Saher Khalil Atef Farouk Al-Qarn Chest Department Assiut University Assiut Egypt Qena Chest Hospital Qena Egypt

Introduction: The examination of three sputum samples per suspect has been severely criticized from a public health viewpoint and several recent trials have documented the relative inefficiency of the third smear and the necessity for confirmation of a positive smear has also been contested. Aim: This study, undertaken in Qena, Egypt, aimed to determine the usefulness of examining the second and third direct smear microscopy (DSM) specimen in the diagnosis of pulmonary TB. Patients and methods: A retrospective study using record review at TB outpatient clinic;Qena Chest Hospital, Egypt, was done from 2010-2013. Direct smear results were collected as one of the following combinations PNN, PPP, PPN, PNP, NNP, NPP, and NPN, NNN, where N is a negative and P a positive smear. The proportion of positive, first, second and third specimen were calculated. Cases were considered positive having at least one positive smear confirmed by another positive one in the absence of sputum culture. Results: Out of 9420 recorded suspects, 719 of them were positive, so smear positivity was 7.6%. The majority of them were diagnosed from the first sample (96.4%). For only 3.6% (26 of 719), the second smear was positive and a third specimen was required (NPP) to make a definitive diagnosis of TB. No recorded isolated positive or negative smears in the third sample (NNP or PPN). Conclusions: These data indicated that, in our locality with limited financial resources, the incremental yield of a second sputum direct smear examination was low, and the third one was negligible indicating that examination of two sputum samples is enough among pulmonary TB patients. A third sample is required only as confirmatory if the second sample was positive. Smear microscopy can be substantially simplified with favourable resource implications.

关键词： TB Direct Smear Value

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Propagation of traveling wave solutions to the Vakhnenko-Parkes dynamical equation via modified mathematical methods

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2022年第1期37卷 21-34页

作者： Aly R.Seadawy Asghar ali wafaa A.Albarakati Dumitru Baleanu Mathematics department Faculty of scienceTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawarahSaudi Arabia Mathematics Department University of EducationLahoreMultan CampusPakistan Mathematics Department Faculty of scienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityAnkaraTurkey

In this paper, we investigate some new traveling wave solutions to Vakhnenko-Parkes equation via three modified mathematical methods. The derived solutions have been obtained including periodic and solitons solutions in the form of trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational function solutions. The graphical representations of some solutions by assigning particular values to the parameters under prescribed conditions in each solutions and comparing of solutions with those gained by other authors indicate that these employed techniques are more effective, efficient and applicable mathematical tools for solving nonlinear problems in applied science.

关键词： Vakhnenko-Parkes equation(VPE) generalized direct algebraic method extended simple equation method modified F-expansion method

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ShotBlocker versus cryotherapy for reducing pain and anxiety associated with subcutaneous injection

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Frontiers of Nursing 2023年第3期10卷 363-371页

作者： Dalia Masoud Elsaid Hafez wafaa Gameel Mohammed ali Medical Surgical Nursing Department Faculty of NursingMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt

Objective:To determine and compare the abilities of Shot Blocker and cryotherapy for reducing pain and anxiety associated with subcutaneous *** injection has been used excessively for continuous,low-dose administration of *** that these drugs may require prolonged administration,new devices and methods of injection are needed to decrease pain and anxiety associated with repeated drug ***:A quasi-experimental study design on a purposive sample of 54 patients comprised of both sexes has been *** subjects were divided into 2 equal groups(group 1,Shot Blocker;group 2,cryotherapy),and 3 tools were used,namely the sociodemographic and medical data sheet,Verbal Descriptor Scale for measuring pain,and Beck Anxiety ***:A significant reduction in pain and anxiety mean scores was observed after using cryotherapy and Shot Blocker techniques during subcutaneous *** addition,the Shot Blocker group exhibited significantly lower pain and anxiety mean scores compared with the cryotherapy ***:Our findings revealed that Shot Blocker and cryotherapy were effective non-pharmacological methods for reducing pain and anxiety levels associated with repeated subcutaneous injections.

关键词： anxiety cryotherapy pain ShotBlocker subcutaneous injection

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Avian influenza virus surveillance in migratory birds in Egypt revealed a novel reassortant H6N2 subtype

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Avian Research 2019年第4期10卷 507-516页

作者： ali M.Zanaty Ahmed M.Erfan Wessam H.Mady Fatma Amer Ahmed A.Nour Neveen Rabie Mohamed Samy Abdullah A.Selim wafaa M.M.hassan Mahmoud M.Naguib National Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production Animal Health Research InstituteGiza 12618Egypt Zoonosis Science Centre Department of Medical Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUppsala University75123 UppsalaSweden

Background:Avian influenza viruses(AIVs)have been identified from more than 100 different species of wild birds around the *** migratory birds can act as potential spreaders for AIVs to domestic birds between different *** is situated on important migratory flyways for wild birds between different *** much is known about circulation of zoonotic potential H5N1 and H9N2 AIVs in domestic poultry in Egypt,little is known about the pivotal role of migratory birds in the maintenance and transmission of the viruses in ***:Targeted AIV surveillance has been conducted in 2017 in different wetlands areas in Northern and Eastern ***:AIV of subtype H5 was detected in two bird *** addition,a novel reassortant strain of the H6N2 subtype was identified which reveals the continuous risk of new influenza virus(es)introduction into *** novel virus possesses a reassortant pattern originating from different AIV gene ***:Intervention control strategies should be performed to minimize the possible contact of domestic birds with wild birds to lower the risk of virus transmission at this *** addition,constant monitoring of AIVs in migratory birds is essential in the early detection of influenza virus introduction into Egypt.

关键词： Avian in fluenza virus H6N2 Egypt Reassortment Wild birds

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Evaluation of Surface Roughness and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>Adhesion to Bulk-Fill Resin Composites Polished with Different Systems

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Advances in Microbiology 2019年第1期9卷 87-101页

作者： wafaa E. Soliman Ashraf I. ali Walid F. Elkhatib Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Faculty of Pharmacy Delta University for Science and Technology Cairo Egypt Faculty of Dentistry Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Pharmacy Ain Shams University African Union Organization St. Cairo Egypt Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Industries Badr University in Cairo (BUC) Cairo Egypt

Purpose: Bacterial adhesion represents the initial step in biofilm formation, dental caries and decay. This study aimed to evaluate and compare surface roughness and bacterial adhesion to bulk fill resin composites polished with different systems. Methods: Filtek Z350 XT (Incremental-fill resin composite), Filtek Bulk-fill Posterior (Bulk-fill resin composite), and Tetric N Ceram (Bulk-fill resin composite) were used as resin composites. The polishing systems used in this study were Sof-Lex multi-step, PoGo one step, and Mylar strip. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the surface roughness and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 standard strain to bulk-fill resin composites. Results: The type of restorative materials did not affect the surface roughness or bacterial adhesion (p > 0.05) but the polishing systems were significant (p R = 0.943) between surface roughness and bacterial adhesion to the tested surfaces. Conclusion: Regardless of the restorative material, Mylar polishing system revealed the smoothest surface and the lowest adhesion of S. mutans as compared to Pogo one step and Sof-Lex multi-step polishing systems.

关键词： Bacterial Adhesion Surface Roughness Streptococcus mutans Polishing Systems

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