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The earliest evidence for a microblade adaptation in the remote,high altitude regions of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1561-1573页

作者： Yingshuai JIN Xiaoling ZHANG Shejiang waNG Junyi GE Wei HE wa dA Yunyao TAN Ziyi YANG Christopher MORGAN Xing GAO Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Cultural Relics Conservation Institute of the Xizang Autonomous Region Lhasa 850000China Nagqu Culture and Tourism Bureau Nagqu 852000China University of Nevada Reno 89557USA

Microblade assemblages are among the most common prehistoric archaeological materials found on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)and are thought to indicate large scale migration to and settlement of the *** microblade sites,however,have been systematically excavated,especially in the remotest,highest-elevation regions of the *** timing of the large-scale arrival,spread,and permanent settlement of people on the TP therefore remains *** this paper,we report on a recently excavated site,Locality 3 of the Nwya devu Site(Nd3),located at 4600 meters above sea level(masl),near the shore of Ngoin Lake,on the interior *** analyses reveal a fairly typical microblade technological orientation and two types of microblade cores:wedge-shaped and semi-conical,which are similar to those found throughout North *** Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL)dating and AMS^(14)C dating,the age of Nd3 ranges from 11 to 10 *** date range indicates Nd3 is the oldest microblade site yet recorded in the remote,high-elevation regions of the TP and thus provides important information about when and how hunter-gatherers using microblades began exploiting the higher altitudes of the *** together,studies at Nd3 and throughout the TP suggest that a microblade adaptation is associated with the first prolonged human occupation of the plateau and that microblades played a significant role in mediating the risks and facilitating the mobility necessary to permanently inhabit the TP.

关键词： The interior of Tibetan Plateau Nwya devu locality 3 Microblade Early Holocene High altitude adaption

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Strengthening and control of second-phase particle precipitation in ferritic/austenitic/martensitic heat-resistant alloys:a review

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第1期31卷 3-23页

作者： Xue-cheng Peng Han-jie Guo Xin-fang Zhang Yi-wa Luo Ye Sun Jing Guo Rong-guang Yang Xiao-dan Zheng School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal materials University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing100083China Beijing Shougang Gitane New maTERIALS Co. Ltd.Beijing102206China

Heat-resistant alloys with excellent mechanical properties are widely used in various fields,and further improvement in their properties is essential to meet the requirements in new-generation advanced supercritical boilers,nuclear reactors,superheaters,and other new materials *** effectively enhance the comprehensive performance of heat-resistant alloys,second-phase particle strengthening has been widely studied,and in the face of different service envi-ronments of advanced heat-resistant steels,the selection of suitable second-phase particles is essential to maximize the performance of these *** this end,three major types of reinforcing phases in heat-resistant alloys such as carbides,rare earth oxides,and intermetallic compounds are summarized.A comparative analysis of the precipitation behavior of the reinforcing phases with different types as well as the risks and means of controlling their use in service,is *** parameters for the application of various types of second-phase particles in heat-resistant alloys are provided to support the design and preparation of new ultrahigh-performance heat-resistant alloys.

关键词： Heat-resistant alloy Second-phase particle Carbide Rare earth oxide Intermetallic compound Strengthening

deuterium distribution and behavior of blisters in pre-damaged and undamaged tungsten

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Tungsten 2024年第3期6卷 647-656页

作者： Cong Li Xiao-wa wang Ran-Ran Su Xuan-Xin Hu Shu-Guang Wei Han-Jun Tu Li-Qun Shi Hong-Liang Zhang Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-Beam Application Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University department of materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin

Tungsten(W),as a plasma-facing material,is subjected to high fluence plasma,resulting in both radiation damage and deuterium(d) *** study explores the blistering behavior and d supersaturated layers in both pre-damaged and undamaged W *** achieve a uniform damage profile similar to neutron irradiation,carbon(C) ions with multiple energies and angles were *** samples were further irradiated with low-energy d ions under two fluences at temperatures from ～380 to 640 *** various experimental techniques,we found that pre-damaged W samples can effectively suppress the formation of blistering and lower the threshold temperature at which the surface remains free of *** also observed the prominent d supersaturated peaks within the depth of 20 nm in both pre-damaged and undamaged ***,a close correlation between blistering and the d supersaturation was *** results suggest that neutron irradiation in the fusion reactors could increase the critical d concentration for blistering,while a greater depth of damage facilitated the inward diffusion of d,thereby reducing the d concentration gradient and alleviating surface blistering.

关键词： Tungsten deuterium Supersaturated layer Blister Ion irradiation Pre-damage

Supramolecular manipulation of Intracellular Acidic Vesicles to Improve Cellular Self-Repair and Self-defense

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1487-1498页

作者： Ziyi wang Chen Sun Yu dong Yuan-Fu ding Chen Zhao Ian wa Ho Jiahong Lu Ruibing wang State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipaMacao 999078China

Lysosomes are the“cell stomach”that digests various species including macromolecules and pathogens for self-repair and self-defense upon fusion with endosomes,autophagosomes,and ***,artificially manipulating intracellular vesicles could potentially promote lysosome-mediated intracellular digestion for disease prevention and ***,a supramolecular strategy to efficiently tether and fuse acidic vesicles(i.e.,lysosomes,late endosomes,autolysosomes,and phagosomes)has been developed for the first time to enhance the digestion of cellular wastes and foreign matter,including pathogens.A linear polyethylene glycol(PEG)derivative dually tagged with morpholine(MOR)and adamantane(AdA)on the opposite side,namely,MOR-PEG-AdA,was designed to target intracellular acidic vesicles via MOR and to decorate their surfaces with ***,the addition of cucurbit[7]uril(CB[7])grafted hyaluronic acid(HA)induced supramolecular tethering and fusion of acidic vesicles via strong host-guest interactions between CB[7]of CB[7]-HA and AdA residing on the surface of acidic *** a proof-ofconcept,the overall cellular metabolism,including endogenous autophagy and the exogenous endocytosis and phagocytosis,was effectively upregulated,demonstrating that supramolecular regulation of the dynamics of intracellular acidic vesicles may promote the lysosome’s digestion to significantly improve cellular self-repair and self-defense.

关键词： supramolecular chemistry organelle regulation intracellular acidic vesicles lysosomes selfdefense self-repair

Artificial intelligence system for outcome evaluations of human in vitro fertilization-derived embryos

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第16期137卷 1939-1949页

作者： Sun Ling Li Jiahui Zeng Simiao Luo Qiangxiang Miao Hanpei Liang Yunhao Cheng Linling Sun Zhuo Tai wa Hou Han Yibing Yin Yun Wu Keliang Zhang Kang department of Reproductive Medicine Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China Guangzhou National Laboratory Guangzhou Guangdong China department of Reproductive Medicine Jiangmen Central Hospital Jiangmen Guangdong China department of Ophthalmology Dongguan People’s Hospital The First School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical University Dongguan Guangdong China Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Faculty of Medicine Macau University of Science and Technology Macau Special Administrative Region China Wenzhou Eye Hospital Institute for Advanced Studies on Eye Health and Diseases Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou Zhejiang China Kiang Wu Hospital Macau Special Administrative Region China Faculty of Business City University of Macau Macau Special Administrative Region China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health Center for Reproductive Medicine Institute of Women Children and Reproductive Health and Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan Shandong China

Background: In vitro fertilization (IVF) has emerged as a transformative solution for infertility. However, achieving favorable live-birth outcomes remains challenging. Current clinical IVF practices in IVF involve the collection of heterogeneous embryo data through diverse methods, including static images and temporal videos. However, traditional embryo selection methods, primarily reliant on visual inspection of morphology, exhibit variability and are contingent on the experience of practitioners. Therefore, an automated system that can evaluate heterogeneous embryo data to predict the final outcomes of live births is highly ***: We employed artificial intelligence (AI) for embryo morphological grading, blastocyst embryo selection, aneuploidy prediction, and final live-birth outcome prediction. We developed and validated the AI models using multitask learning for embryo morphological assessment, including pronucleus type on day 1 and the number of blastomeres, asymmetry, and fragmentation of blastomeres on day 3, using 19,201 embryo photographs from 8271 patients. A neural network was trained on embryo and clinical metadata to identify good-quality embryos for implantation on day 3 or day 5, and predict live-birth outcomes. Additionally, a 3d convolutional neural network was trained on 418 time-lapse videos of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT)-based ploidy outcomes for the prediction of aneuploidy and consequent live-birth ***: These two approaches enabled us to automatically assess the implantation potential. By combining embryo and maternal metrics in an ensemble AI model, we evaluated live-birth outcomes in a prospective cohort that achieved higher accuracy than experienced embryologists (46.1%vs. 30.7% on day 3, 55.0%vs. 40.7% on day 5). Our results demonstrate the potential for AI-based selection of embryos based on characteristics beyond the observational abilities of human clinicians (area under the curve: 0.769, 95% confidenc

关键词： Artificial intelligence Fertilizationin vitro Embryo implantation Blastocyst Aneuploidy Neural networks, computer Live birth

Heavy Metal Remediation in AgoèNyivéLandfill Soils: Enhancing Stability through Organic Amendments

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第4期14卷 961-975页

作者： Bassaï magnoudéwa Bodjona diyakadola dihéénane Bafai Gado Tchangbedji waste management Treatment and Valorization Laboratory (GTVD) Faculty of Sciences University of Lom&#233 Lom&#233 Togo

The burial of waste in developing countries, which is often carried out without respect for environmental standards, constitutes a risk of contamination of soils and even groundwater given the toxic elements they contain. The objective of this work is to carry out a study of the retention of heavy metals through the contribution of cattle manure to soil samples from the final Agoè Nyivé landfill in Lomé, Togo. Soil samples from the final landfill were taken from the surface and depth at several locations to form a composite sample. The amendment of the composite sample was carried out with bovine manure on the mock-up in the Laboratory for six months. The determination of the total contents of heavy metals by the atomic absorption spectrophotometer (SAA) on the composite sample showed high contents exceeding the thresholds recommended by the AFNOR NF U 44-041 standard. Sequential extraction on these composite samples showed that the mobile portions of lead, cadmium, copper and zinc are respectively estimated at 78.06%, 50%, 28.89% and 91.59%. The bovine manure used to amend the landfill samples presents physicochemical parameters that can contribute to rendering heavy metals immobile in the soil matrix under natural conditions. The addition of manure initially made it possible to increase the values of pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity and organic matter, which promote the retention of heavy metals. Secondly, the addition of manure made it possible to reduce the mobile portion of the heavy metals studied;from 78.06% to 14.39% for lead, from 50% to 11.52% for cadmium, from 28.89% to almost 0% for copper and from 91.15% to 80.58% for zinc. The use of cattle manure as an amendment on the composite sample was decisive in reducing the mobility of heavy metals in the polluted soils of the final landfill.

关键词： Pollution Heavy Metals Soil Sequential Extraction discharge

柴达木盆地昆特依盐湖可培养嗜盐细菌多样性研究

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生物技术通报 2024年第7期40卷 285-298页

作者：马想蓉马欣陈胤勋龙启福王嵘邢江娃青海大学医学部基础医学研究中心西宁810016

【目的】探究不同富集时间、培养盐度、稀释梯度、培养基等对氯化物型昆特依高盐盐湖可培养嗜盐细菌多样性的影响,确定嗜盐细菌的最佳分离培养条件,挖掘更多的环境嗜盐细菌资源。【方法】从昆特依盐湖中采集水泥混合样本,选取7种培养基... 详细信息

【目的】探究不同富集时间、培养盐度、稀释梯度、培养基等对氯化物型昆特依高盐盐湖可培养嗜盐细菌多样性的影响,确定嗜盐细菌的最佳分离培养条件,挖掘更多的环境嗜盐细菌资源。【方法】从昆特依盐湖中采集水泥混合样本,选取7种培养基和10%、18% NaCl两个盐度,采用富集培养法、平板稀释涂布法和平板分区划线法分离嗜盐菌;通过16S rRNA基因测序与BLAST序列比对确定菌株系统分类学地位。同时采用免培养Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分析昆特依盐湖细菌群落结构多样性特征。【结果】免培养昆特依盐湖样本中共鉴定到细菌39门64纲101目219科703属,其中假单胞菌门(Pseudomonadota)、厚壁菌门(Bacillota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)和放线菌门(Actinomycetota)为主要的优势菌门。根据菌落的大小、形态、颜色、光泽度、透明度、质地、隆起状态和边缘特征等,共分离出436株嗜盐菌,隶属于3门3纲6目9科28属77种,其中16株可能为潜在新种。3门为厚壁菌门(Bacillota)、假单胞菌门(Pseudomonadota)和放线菌门(Actinomycetota),且均为免培养测序结果中的优势菌门。在属水平上,芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)、喜盐芽孢杆菌属(Halobacillus)、枝芽孢菌属(Virgibacillus)和卤水杆菌属(Salicola)为优势菌属。肿块芽孢杆菌属(Tuberibacillus)、越南蔷薇菌属(Rossellomorea)和谷氨酸杆菌属(Glutamicibacter)是首次从盐湖中分离得到。18% NaCl分离得到的菌株数量明显少于10% NaCl,且多样性较低,芽孢乳杆菌科(Sporolactobacillaceae)是该条件下分出的特有菌科。7种培养基中,1/2 RCA培养基分离效果最好。最佳富集培养时间为0、7和60 d,最佳样品稀释梯度为10^(-2)和10^(-3)。【结论】从昆特依盐湖中共分离出嗜盐细菌3门3纲6目9科28属77种。应用多种培养基,设置不同盐度、富集培养时间和稀释梯度等可显著提升可培养嗜盐菌的多样性。

关键词：嗜盐细菌生物多样性氯化物型盐湖分离培养基富集培养梯度稀释高通量测序

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Physico-Chemical Characterization of Wood Ash for Agronomic Purposes

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第2期13卷 235-250页

作者： Ayi Kévin Ajavon Bassaï magnoudéwa Bodjona diyakadola dihéénane Bafai Laboratory waste management Treatment and Recovery (GTVD) Faculty of Sciences University of Lome Lome Togo

The oil refinery of the food products company SOPAL, located in the port area of TOGO, produces an average of 200 kg of eucalyptus wood ash per day. This ash is stored in large quantities within the premises of the refinery, without any disposal solution. The aim of this study is to identify the physico-chemical properties of SOPAL’s wood ash for agronomic valorization. Physico-chemical analyses reveal the presence of major and secondary elements such as potassium (15.71 g/kg dM), phosphorus (27.90 g/kg dM), calcium (9.76 g/kg dM), magnesium (0.03 g/kg dM), sodium (1.24 g/kg dM), iron (1.49 g/kg dM) and manganese (7.82 g/kg dM). The pH is alkaline (12.97) with fairly high conductivity (24.10 mS/Cm). Heavy metals identified are cobalt (0.19 mg/kg dM), cadmium (0.10 mg/kg dM), lead (1.14 mg/kg dM), copper (19.77 mg/kg dM) and nickel (12.82 mg/kg dM). The results show that the ash contains considerable amount of major and secondary elements for agronomic uses.

关键词： Industry Wood Ash Heavy Metals Valorization

Candidate genes conferring ethylene-response in cultivated peanuts determined by BSA-seq and fine-mapping

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 856-865页

作者： Yanyan Tang Zhong Huang Shaohui Xu Wenjie Zhou Jianjun Ren Fuxin Yu Jingshan wang Wujun ma Lixian Qiao College of Agronomy Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109ShandongChina Murdoch University Food Futures InstitutePerthWA 6150Australia The Characteristic Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Application Provincial Department of EducationCollege of AgronomyQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109ShandongChina Academy of dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University Dongying 257347ShandongChina

Ethylene plays essential roles in plant growth,development and stress *** ethylene signaling pathway and molecular mechanism have been studied extensively in Arabidopsis and rice but limited in ***,we established a sand-culture method to screen pingyangmycin mutagenized peanut lines based on their specific response to ethylene(“triple response”).An ethylene-insensitive mutant,inhibition of peanut hypocotyl elongation 1(iph1),was identified that showed reduced sensitivity to ethylene in both hypocotyl elongation and root *** bulked segregant analysis sequencing,a major gene related to iph1,named AhIPH1,was preliminarily mapped at the chromosome Arahy.01,and further narrowed to a 450-kb genomic region through substitution mapping strategy.A total of 7014 genes were differentially expressed among the ACC treatment through RNA-seq analysis,of which only the Arahy.5BLU0Q gene in the candidate mapping interval was differentially expressed between WT and mutant *** sequence variations,functional annotation and transcriptome analysis revealed that a predicated gene,Arahy.5BLU0Q,encoding SNF1 protein kinase,may be the candidate gene for *** gene contained two single-nucleotide polymorphisms at promoter region and was more highly expressed in iph1 than *** findings reveal a novel ethylene-responsive gene,which provides a theoretical foundation and new genetic resources for the mechanism of ethylene signaling in peanuts.

关键词： Ethylene-insensitive Hypocotyl elongation AhIPH1 Candidate gene Genetic resources

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