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Modeling the Impact of Desert Aerosols on the Solar Radiation of a Mini Solar Central Photovoltaic (PV)

Energy and Power Engineering 2021年第7期13卷 261-271页

作者： Wend Dolean Arsène Ilboudo Issaka Ouedraogo Windé Nongué Daniel Koumbem Pèlèga Florent Kieno Département Energie Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies (IRSAT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Exactes et Appliquées Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This work focuses on modeling the impact of desert aerosols on a mini central solar photovoltaic (PV). Our studied physical model is comparable to a multilayer. We have described and discretized the mathematical equations which govern the physical model. Also, we analyzed the influence of the parameters τa and X on the solar radiation received at the surface of solar PV modules. The results of the study taken from Figures 6(a)-(d) representing the variations of the global solar radiation on the solstices and equinoxes as well as the 21 of the months of the year days understood show that: if τa = 0 and X = 0, IC = 67.87%;if τa = 0.5 and X

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Numerical Study of the Thermal Performance of Three Roof Models in Hot and Dry Climates

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Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science 2021年第2期11卷 35-46页

作者： Windé Nongué Daniel Koumbem Issaka Ouédraogo Wend Dolean Arsène Ilboudo Pèlèga Florent Kieno Universite Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut de Recherche en Sciences Appliquées et Technologies Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The thermal performance of three roofing models: tile, corrugated and earth terrace is numerically analyzed. The mathematical equations which govern the three roofing models are established by the electrical method of analogies. These equations are discretized by an implicit finite difference method and solved by the Gauss-Seidel algorithm. We analyze the influences of geometric parameters (Xlo, Xlarg, α and Ep) on the evolution of the temperatures of the different environments of our three roof models. In particular, we have shown that the effectiveness of a roof in reducing the temperature inside a room is linked to its physical properties. The results obtained that for the same geometric parameters, the earth roof terrace and the earth tile roof compared to the corrugated metal roof improve thermal comfort by lowering the interior temperature of 5ºC and 4.6ºC.

关键词： Thermal Performance Roof Room Temperature

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Anti-Obesity Effect of Boscia senegalensis in Rabbits

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第6期13卷 568-576页

作者： Delvina Okondza Nohya Imar Djibrine Soudy Mahamat Assafi Ahmat Al-Habo Sossal Mandiguel Djimalbaye Arsène Lenga Laboratoire de Biodiversité et écologie Animale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien Ngouabi de Brazzaville (Congo) Brazzaville République du Congo Centre de Contrô le de Qualité des Denrées Alimentaires (CECOQDA) Ndjamena République du Tchad Institut de Recherche en élevage pour le Développement (IRED) Ndjamena Chad Institut National Supérieur des Sciences et Techniques d’Abéché (INSTA) Abéché Tchad

Introduction: Obesity is defined as excessive and abnormal accumulation of fatty tissue with significant somatic, psychological and social consequences on quality of life. Obesity has long been considered a simple aesthetic problem linked to excessive gluttony. It is however recognized today as a real pathology, so much so that the WHO has declared it as “the first non-infectious epidemic in history and a major problem of the century”. In addition, many studies have been carried out aimed at the production of less fatty foods and, scientifically, at the development of anti-obesity drugs. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the anti-obesity effect of the extract of Boscia senegalensis (Capparaceae) used in Chad to fight against type II diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Methodology: A bromatological study of Boscia senegalensis extract was carried out at the Food Quality Control Centre (CECOQDA) in Ndjamena (Chad), followed by an in vivo study of rabbits carried out at the IRED Biotechnopôle laboratory (Chad). Results: The results obtained from the 100 g bromatological study of the dry extract of Boscia senegalensis are as follows: protein content (20.24% ± 0.007%), fat content (5.92% ± 0.21%), carbohydrate content (35.16% ± 1.05%), fibre content (2.11% ± 0.26%), moisture content (5.7% ± 0.14%) and ash content (2.90% ± 0.03%). No aflatoxin was detected in the dry extract of Boscia senegalensis. A significant decrease (p = 0.04) in body weight was observed in rabbits treated with Boscia senegalensis extract compared to controls. In addition, histological sections of the various organs (liver, spleen, kidneys) of treated rabbits showed no lesions following the incorporation of the extract of Boscia senegalensis. Conclusion: This study showed the anti-obesity effect of Boscia senegalensis. It also made it possible to verify the harmlessness of the product with regard to the results on chronic toxicity.

关键词： Obesity Boscia senegalensis Toxicity

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An Environment Friendly, Low-Cost Extraction Process of Phenolic Compounds from Grape Byproducts. Optimization by Multi-Response Surface Methodology

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第6期4卷 650-659页

作者： Hiba N. Rajha Nada El Darra Eugène Vorobiev Nicolas Louka Richard G. Maroun Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Centre d’Analyse et de Recherche Faculté des Sciences Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth Beirut Lebanon Département des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre Centre d’Analyse et de Recherche Faculté des Sciences Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth Beirut Lebanon UTC/esCOM EA 4297 TIMR Département de Génie des Procédés Industriels Laboratoire Trans- formations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable Université de Technologie de Compiègne Centre de Recherche de Royallieu Compiègne France. UTC/esCOM EA 4297 TIMR Département de Génie des Procédés Industriels Laboratoire Trans- formations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable Université de Technologie de Compiègne Centre de Recherche de Royallieu Compiègne France.

Due to their beneficial effects on human health, phenolic compounds are increasingly attracting the attention of scientists and researchers all over the world. The main interest is in the extraction process of those natural plant-originated compounds from fruits, vegetables and plant wastes, namely grape wastes, in which phenolic compounds are the most abundant secondary metabolites. This waste exploitation not only re-assimilates those byproducts into the food cycle, but also avoids major environmental problems. Herein, the optimization of the phenolic compounds concentration and free radical scavenging activity from Cabernet Sauvignon grape byproducts was conducted, using multi-response surface methodology. A conventional solid-liquid extraction process was performed with pure water as a solvent to study the effects of both time and temperature on the procedure. The maximal phenolic compounds concentration (878.9 mg/L) was reached at 47℃ after 30 hours while the optimal free radical scavenging activity (41.15%) was obtained at 30℃ after 20 hours. A multi-response surface methodology compromised between the quantity and the quality of the extracted phenolics, and the parameters maximizing both responses were obtained at 37℃ and 28 hours. This low-cost and energy saving process provides an excellent tool for further industrial applications.

关键词： Phenolic Compounds Grape Byproducts Extraction Optimization Free Radical Scavenging Activity

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Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of norfloxacin in the penaeid shrimps,Penaeus vannamei and Penaeus monodon

Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of norfloxacin in the pe...

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2003水产科技论坛

作者： Fang Wenhong Zheng Guoxing (Key Laboratory of Marine and estuarine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture, East China sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090)

The hemolymph concentrations of norfloxacin in Penaeid shrimps were determined by the high performance liquid chromatograph(HPLC). The pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin in giant tiger prawn(Penaeus monodon)at brackish water with 1‰ salinity and seawater with 15‰ salinity and whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)at seawater with 15‰ salinity were compared after they were given a single dose of norfloxacin (10 mg/kg) via the intramuscle injection and the whiteleg shrimp was given a single dose of norfloxacin(30 mg/kg) via oral administration. A two-compartment open phar-macokinetic model was used to describe the hemolymph norfloxacin concentration-time profiles in the giant tiger prawn and whiteleg shrimp following the intramuscle administration. The pharmacokinetic models were C0=35.422×e-9.778t + 4.363×e-0.165t for the whiteleg shrimp at 1‰ salinity, C0= 35.144×e-13.335t +7.888×e-0.608t for the whiteleg shrimp at 15‰ salinity, and C0 = 29.771×e-12.905t + 9.976×e-1.070t for the giant tiger prawn at 15‰ salinity. The area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC),total body clearance(CLs) and apparent volume of distribution(Vd) in the giant tiger prawn were 11.63 μg·h/mL,859.8 mL/kg·h and 804 mL/kg,respectively;the corresponding values for the whiteleg shrimp at 1‰ salinity were 30.06 μg·h/mL、332.7 mL/kg·h and 2 016 mL/kg,respectively,and 15.61 μg·h/mL,640.6 mL/kg·h and 1 053.6 mL/kg, respectively. Results of the present studies indicate that there are species and difference in pharmacokinetics between giant tiger prawn and whiteleg shrimp. In Penaeid shrimps salinity may more greatly affect the pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin than species difference. Following oral administration, the hemolymph concentration-time profile of norfloxacin in the whiteleg shrimp appeared two peaks of hemolymph concentration. The two peaks of hemolymph concentration were 2.86 μg/mL and 2.04 μg/mL,respectively occurred at 4 h and 12 h. The area under curve following oral administration wa

关键词： Penaeus vannamei Penaeus monodon norfloxacin Pharmacokinetics Hemolymph

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Analysis and Forecasting of the Impact of Climatic Parameters on the Yield of Rain-Fed Rice Cultivation in the Office Riz Mopti in Mali

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2019年第3期9卷 479-497页

作者： Angora Aman Moussa Nafogou Hermann Vami N’Guessan Bi Yves K. Kouadio Hélène Boyossoro Kouadio Tropical Climate Team Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics and Fluid Mechanics (LAPA MF) University of Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire University Center of Applied Research in Remote Sensing (CURAT) University of Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

During the period spanning the 1970s and1980s, countries in the West African Sahel experienced severe drought. Its impact on agriculture and ecosystems has highlighted the importance of monitoring the Sahelian rainy season. In Sahelian countries such as Mali, rainfall is the major determinant of crop production. Unfortunately, rainfall is highly variable in time and space. Therefore, this study is conducted to analyze and forecast the impact of climatic parameters on the rain-fed rice yield cultivation in the Office Riz Mopti region. The data were collected from satellite imagery, archived meteorology data, yield and rice characteristics. The study employed Hanning filter to highlight interannual fluctuation, a test of Pettitt and the standardized precipitation index (SPI) to analyze the rainfall variability. Climate change scenarios under the RCP 8.5 scenario (HadGEM-2 es) and agroclimatic (Cropwat) model are carried out to simulate the future climate and its impact on rice yields. The results of satellite image classifications of 1986 and 2016 show an increase of rice fields with a noticeable decrease of bare soil. The analysis of the SPI reveals that over the 30 years considered, 56.67% of the rainy seasons were dry (1986-2006) and 43.33% were wet (2007-2015). The modelling approach is applied over 1986-2006 and 2007-2015 periods—considered as typical dry and rainy years—and applied over the future, with forecasts of climate change scenarios in 2034. The results show a decrease in potential yield during dry and slightly wet years. The yields of rain-fed rice will be generally low between 2016 and 2027. Deficits are observed over the entire study area, in comparison with the potential yield. Thus, this situation could expose the population to food insecurity.

关键词： Climate Change Remote Sensing Rain-Fed Rice Forecast Yield Mali

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Enhancing Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Fruit Yield and Quality and Blossom End Rot Control Using Different Biological Calcium Sources

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2023年第3期12卷 263-274页

作者： Alain Serge Coulibaly Kouakou Laurent Kouakou Jonas Patrick Dao Camille Kouakou Juliette Ky Dedi Irié Arsène Zoro Bi Training and Research Unit of Sciences of Nature Laboratory of Biology and Improvement of Plant Production Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire Phytotechnical Unit and Genetic Improvement Training and Research Unit of Sciences of Nature Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire Training and Research Unit of Biosciences Plant Physiology Laboratory Felix Houphou&eumlt Boigny University Abidjan C&ocircte d’Ivoire

Cultivated for its richness in nutrients, tomato culture is demanding fertilizer, especially in calcium. Calcium deficiencies and physiological disorders cause serious disea.es in tomatoes. Blossom end rot (BER), in susceptible cultivars, may cause severe economic losses. The goal of this study is to determine the effect of three organic calcium sources on the growth and quality of fruit production of tomatoes. Egg, snail and sea shell powders and extracts have been used as biological fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in a block factorial trial with three replications. The trials comprised two factors: calcium sources and calcium source form (powder and extract). The results showed that the growth parameters and yield were improved by the calcium source, whatever the form. Also, BER was lower in plants treated with calcium contrary to the control. However, plants treated with eggshells showed the best growth (mean) and the lowest rate (0.40%) of BER than the snail and sea shell.

关键词： Tomatoes Blossom End Rot Eggshells Snail Shells seashells

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琼州海峡的断裂构造与区域稳定性分析

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热带海洋 1989年第4期8卷 70-77页

作者：詹文欢刘以宣中国科学院南海海洋研究所

本文从地震剖面、重磁异常、卫星照片、地貌特征、地层厚度、地壳形变、地震及火山分布等方面综合分析,认为琼州海峡主要发育neE,NW及ne向三组断裂系,并对它们的活动性进行了初步的探讨。据根断裂的格局,把海峡划分为4个区域,并对这些... 详细信息

本文从地震剖面、重磁异常、卫星照片、地貌特征、地层厚度、地壳形变、地震及火山分布等方面综合分析,认为琼州海峡主要发育neE,NW及ne向三组断裂系,并对它们的活动性进行了初步的探讨。据根断裂的格局,把海峡划分为4个区域,并对这些区域进行了地震危险性及底质不稳定性分析,得出其稳定程度自高而低为海峡西Ⅰ区→海峡西Ⅱ区→海峡东Ⅱ区→海峡东Ⅰ区,其中西Ⅰ区为区域稳定性最好的地区,较适宜进行大型工程建设。

关键词：断裂构造区域稳定性琼州海峡

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Distal Sensory Polyneuropathy among HIV Patients in Libreville in Gabon

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neuroscience & Medicine 2015年第3期6卷 84-89页

作者： Kouna-Ndouongo Philomène Adoukonou Thierry Oura Landry Ibole James Assengone-Zeh Yvonne Moubeka Mounguengui Martine Mouangue Minso Gertrude Service de neurologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Libreville Libreville Gabon Unité d’Enseignement et de Recherche de neurologie Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Benin Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Omar Bongo Ondimba Service de Neurologie Libreville Gabon

Distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) was more frequent among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients. The reliable tool for its diagnosis is not available everywhere in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to estimate the frequency of DSP among HIV patients in Libreville. We’ve conducted a cross-sectional study including all consecutives HIV-patients admitted to the HIV clinic in the University Teaching Hospital of Libreville (Gabon) between 1 May and 31 July 2014. All patients underwent a full neurological examination doing by two neurologists. The diagnosis of DSP was based on Brief Peripheral neuropathy Screen (BPNS). We also collected the data concerning past medical history, the use of neurotoxic drug, history of disease and data of High Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). The logistic regression was used to study the factors associated with DSP. They were 620 patients aged from 17 to 74 years with the mean age of 42.1 years ± 11.0 years and 570 (91.9%) were on HAART. The mean duration of disease was 57.6 ± 42.5 months. Among the 620 patients 170 fulfilled criteria for DSP, and the overall frequency of DSP was 27.4%. The associated factors in univariate analysis were the age, the occupation, the use of HAART, the HAART option, the stage of the disease, opportunistic disease, alcohol consumption, exposure to isoniazid, diabetes mellitus and the modes of contamination. But in multivariate analysis the associated factors were the stage of disease OR 2.7 [1.2 - 3.7], diabetes mellitus OR 2.4 [1.4 - 5.8] and the use of D4T in HAART OR 1.9 [1.1 - 4.9]. The main symptoms among the patients were burning feet (47.6%), the tingling (40.0%), numbness (27.6%), alteration of ankle reflex (87.6%) and alteration of vibration sensation (27.6%). The DSP was more frequent among HIV patients and could be explained by the duration of the disease, the association with metabolic disease and the use of D4T.

关键词： Distal Sensory Polyneuropathy HIV HAART Epidemiology Sub-Saharan Africa Frequency

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CHARACTERISTICS OF CIRCULATION IN THE CONTIneNTAL SHELF AREA OF THE EAST CHINA sea IN WINTER

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1987年第S1期 51-60页

作者：郭炳火林葵卢景明 First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao North sea Branch

The data of temperature, salinity and current from an oceanographic investigation of the East China sea (26 Dec., 1984-27 Jan., 1985) are used to analyse the circulation in the continental shelf area. Results show that the meander of the Kuroshio in the area ne of Taiwan in winter is larger than that expected before. The Taiwan warm Current in winter is a fairly stable counter-wind one, and that the bottom currents in the shelf area are roughly consistent with the general circulation. From these observational data, together with historical data, the origin of the Taiwan warm Current in winter is discussed. It is suggested that the warm water of the Taiwan warm Current comes mainly from the Kuroshio water ne of Taiwan.

关键词： CHARACTERISTICS OF CIRCULATION IN THE CONTIneNTAL SHELF AREA OF THE EAST CHINA sea IN WINTER TWC ECS EAST sea

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