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Dexamethasone in coronavirus disease 2019 care:Dosage and utilization insights

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World journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 1-4页

作者： Laiba Shamim Imshaal Musharaf Abdulqadir j Nashwan Department of Clinical Medicine Jinnah Sindh Medical UniversityKarachi 75510SindhPakistan Department of Medicine Jinnah Sindh Medical UniversityKarachi 75510SindhPakistan Department of Nursing and Midwifery Research Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus *** was declared a global pandemic on March 11,2020,by the World Health *** excessive inflammatory response is a severe respiratory manifestation of COVID-19,which becomes predominant in later *** to its immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties,dexamethasone is the first systemic glucocorticoid to treat severe COVID-19 *** editorial reviews the efficacy and safety of highdose vs low-dose dexamethasone in patients with *** indicate that using low-dose dexamethasone is beneficial and emphasize the need for additional research on the use of high-dose *** the study provides a robust evidence base,it is limited by the lack of long-term data,focus on specific outcomes and heterogeneity of the included *** research should focus on the long-term effects of dexamethasone and its impact across varying disease severities and patient populations to refine treatment strategies and improve patient care.

关键词： COVID-19 Severe acute respiratory syndrome Corticosteroid Dexamethasone Anti-inflammatory

Searching Radio Signals from Two Magnetars and a High-magnetic Field Pulsar and the Serendipitous Discovery of a New Radio Pulsar PSR j1935+2200

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第1期25卷 110-115页

作者： Lang Xie j.L.Han Z.L.Yang W.C.jing D.j.Zhou W.Q.Su Yi Yan Tao wang Nan-Nan Cai P.F.wang Chen wang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences

Magnetars are slowly rotating, highly magnetized young neutron stars that can show transient radio phenomena for radio pulses and fast radio bursts. We conducted radio observations from two magnetars SGR j1935+2154 and3XMM j185246.6+003317 and a high-magnetic field pulsar PSR j1846–0258 using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope（FAST）. We performed single pulse and periodicity searches and did not detect radio signals from them. From the piggyback data recorded by other FAST telescope beams when we observed the magnetar SGR 1935+2154, we serendipitously discovered a new radio pulsar, PSR j1935+2200. We carried out the follow-up observations and obtained the timing solution based on these new observations and the archive FAST data. PSR j1935+2200 is an isolated old pulsar, with a spin period of 0.91 s, a spin-period derivative of9.19 × 10-15s s-1, and a characteristic age of 1.57 Myr. It is a weak pulsar with a flux density of 9.8 μjy at1.25 GHz. Discovery of a new pulsar from the long FAST observations of 30 minutes implies that there may be more weak older pulsars in the Galactic disk to be discovered.

关键词： (stars:) pulsars: individual (PSR j1935+2200) stars: neutron

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterization of a New Manganese(Ⅱ) Tetracarboxylate

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Chinese journal of Structural Chemistry 2008年第2期27卷 167-170页

作者： YING Shao-Ming FANG Xiao-Niu ZHANG Ding-wa CHEN Wen-Tong LIU jiu-Hui Department of Chemistry Jinggangshan College Ji＇an Jiangxi 343009 China

By hydrothermal synthesis, a manganese（H） tetracarboxylate [Mn（2,2′-bipyridi- ne）（btec）0.5（HEO）]En （H4btec = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid） was obtained and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR, elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1, with a = 7.721（4）, b = 8.905（5）, c = 10.712（6）A, a = 80.899（8）, β = 70.371（8）, y = 78.201（8）°, Z = 2, V= 675.8（7）A3, Mr= 354.20, De= 1.741 g/cm^3,μ = 1.007 mm^-1, F（000） = 360, S = 0.956, （△/σ）max = 0.000, the final R = 0.0490 and wR = 0.1262. This compound presents an infinite 1D polymer featuring a double-chain structure. The Mn（Ⅱ） ion is five-coordinated. The four carboxylate groups of btec4- are all deprotonated and coordinated to four Mn atoms in a monodentate fashion, forming a 1D double chain structure with a cavity. Such chains are interconnected by π-π stacking interactions into 2D layers which are further interlinked into a supramolecular structure by hydrogen bonds.

关键词： hydrothermal synthesis tetracarboxylate crystal structure double chain

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Decoupled responses of soil microbial diversity and ecosystem functions to successive degeneration processes in alpine pioneer community

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yazhou Zhang j.Aaron Hogan Yaojun Ye Xin Liu Minshu Song jianguo Chen Hang Sun CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry School of Life Sciences Yunnan Normal University School of Ecology and Environment Southwest Forestry University

Many alpine ecosystems are undergoing vegetation degradation because of global changes, which are affecting ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. The ecological consequences of alpine pioneer community degradation have been less studied than glacial retreat or meadow degradation in alpine ecosystems. We document the comprehensive responses of microbial community characteristics to degradation processes using field-based sampling, conduct soil microcosm experiments to simulate the effects of global change on microorganisms, and explore their relationships to ecosystem functioning across stages of alpine pioneer community degradation. Our work provides the first evidence that alpine pioneer community degradation led to declines of 27% in fungal richness, 8% in bacterial richness, and about 50% in endemic microorganisms. As vegetation degraded, key ecosystem functions such as nutrient availability, soil enzymatic activity, microbial biomass, and ecosystem multifunctionality progressively increased. However, soil respiration rate and carbon storage exhibited unbalanced dynamics. Respiration rate increased by 190% during the middle stage of degradation compared with the primary stage, and it decreased by38% in the later stage. This indicates that soil carbon loss or emission increases during the mid-successional stage, whereas in later successional stages, alpine meadows become significant carbon sinks. Compared with microbial community characteristics(such as richness of total and functional taxa, and network complexity), community resistance contributes more significantly to ecosystem ***, the bacterial community resistance is crucial for ecosystem functioning, yet it is greatly impaired by nitrogen addition. Based on microbial network, community assembly, and community resistance analyses, we conclude that fungi are more vulnerable to environmental changes and show smaller contributions to ecosystem functions than bacteria in degrading alpine ecosys

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Identifying suitable areas for plenter forest management

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Forest Ecosystems 2025年第01期 83-92页

作者： Mathias Leiter Christoph Pucher Michael Kessler Ferdinand H?nigsberger Manfred j.Lexer Harald Vacik Hubert Hasenauer Institute of Silviculture University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) Institute of Forest Engineering University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU)

Plenter forests, also known as uneven-aged or continuous cover forests enhance forest resilience and resistance against disturbances compared to even-aged forests. They are considered as an adaptation option to mitigate climate change effects. In this study, we present a conceptual approach to determine the potentially suitable area for plenter forest management within central European mixed species forests and apply our approach to the case study area in Styria, the south-eastern Province of Austria. The concept is based on ecological and technicaleconomic constraints and considers expected future climate conditions and its impact on plenter forest management. For each 1 ha forest pixel, we assess the ecological conditions for plenter forest management according to the autecological growth conditions of silver fir, and at least one additional shade tolerant tree species. The technical-economic constraints are defined by slope(≤30%) and distance to the next forest road(≤100 m) to ensure cost-efficient harvesting. The results show that under current climate conditions 28.1% or 305,349 ha of the forests in Styria are potentially suitable for plenter forest management. For the years 2071–2100 and under the climate change scenario RCP 4.5, the potential area decreases to 286,098 ha(26.3% of the total forest area)and for the scenario RCP 8.5 to 208,421 ha(19.1% of the total forest area). The main reason for these changes is the unfavourable growing conditions for silver fir in the lowlands, while in the higher elevations silver fir is likely to expand. Our results may serve forest managers to identify areas suitable for plenter forests and assist in the transformation of even-aged pure forests to uneven-aged forests to increase resistance, resilience, and biodiversity under climate change.

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ClpB chaperone as a promising target for antimicrobial therapy: A narrative review

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2025年第1期15卷 1-10,I0001-I0007页

作者： Sachini j.Udari Sayoka Shamodhi Rumesh M.Nelumdeniya Udayana Ranatunga Nimesha N.Senadeera Chathuranga B.Ranaweera Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Allied Health SciencesGeneral Sir John Kotelawala Defence UniversityWerahera10718Sri Lanka Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Allied Health SciencesGeneral Sir John Kotelawala Defence UniversityWerahera10718Sri Lanka Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya20400Sri Lanka Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ColomboColombo 0300300Sri Lanka

The Clp/Hsp100 family,part of the ATPase associated with various cellular activities(AAA+)superfamily,includes caseinolytic peptidase B(ClpB),a highly conserved protein found in bacteria,fungi,protozoa,and ***,ClpB is present in all ESKAPE pathogens:Enterococcus faecium,Staphylococcus aureus,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Enterobacter *** plays a crucial role in reactivating and disaggregating proteins,enabling pathogens to survive under host-induced stress and conferring thermotolerance to bacterial *** caused by ESKAPE pathogens are particularly challenging due to their resistance to broad-spectrum antibiotics and biofilm formation,posing a significant global health threat as they are often multidrug-resistant,extensively drug-resistant,and *** its absence in human cells and its essential role in bacterial survival under stress,ClpB is a promising target for antimicrobial *** Hsp100 family proteins could lead to the development of novel antifungal and antiprotozoal *** review explores the function of ClpB in the survival of ESKAPE pathogens and the protozoan Plasmodium *** research findings were compiled using academic databases,and data analysis was performed using Clustal Omega Multiple Sequence Alignment and Boxshade tools.

关键词： Molecular chaperone ClpB ESKAPE pathogens Thermotolerance Heat shock proteins Plasmodium falciparum

Two-plasmon-decay instability stimulated by dual laser beams in inertial confinement fusion

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2025年第1期10卷 48-56页

作者： C.-W.Lian Y.ji R.Yan j.Li L.-F.wang Y.-K.Ding j.Zheng Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Plasma Physics and Fusion Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088China

Two-plasmon-decay instability(TPD)poses a critical target preheating risk in direct-drive inertial confinement *** this paper,TPD collectively driven by dual laser beams consisting of a normal-incidence laser beam(Beam-N)and a large-angle-incidence laser beam(Beam-L)is investigated via particle-in-cell *** is found that significant TPD growth can develop in this regime at previously unexpected low laser intensities if the intensity of Beam-L exceeds the large-angle-incidence *** beams contribute to the growth of TPD in a“seed-amplification”manner in which the absolute instability driven by Beam-L provides the seeds that are convectively amplified by Beam-N,making TPD energetically important and causing significant pump depletion and hot-electron generation.

关键词： laser pump decay

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Heterogeneous occurrence of evergreen broad-leaved forests in East Asia:Evidence from plant fossils

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Plant Diversity 2025年第1期47卷 1-12页

作者： jiagang Zhao Shufeng Li jian Huang Wenna Ding Mengxiao Wu Tao Su Alexander Farnsworth Paul j.Valdes Linlin Chen Yaowu Xing Zhekun Zhou CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL8903 BirmensdorfSwitzerland Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden Koonigsbrücker Landstraße 15901109 DresdenGermany State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation&Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China School of Geographical Sciences University of BristolBristol BS81SSUK State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs) are widely distributed in East Asia and play a vital role in ecosystem stability. The occurrence of these forests in East Asia has been a subject of debate across various disciplines. In this study, we explored the occurrence of East Asian EBLFs from a paleobotanical perspective. By collecting plant fossils from four regions in East Asia, we have established the evolutionary history of EBLFs. Through floral similarity analysis and paleoclimatic reconstruction, we have revealed a diverse spatio-temporal pattern for the occurrence of EBLFs in East Asia. The earliest occurrence of EBLFs in southern China can be traced back to the middle Eocene, followed by southwestern China during the late Eocene-early Oligocene. Subsequently, EBLFs emerged in japan during the early Oligocene and eventually appeared in central-eastern China around the Miocene. Paleoclimate simulation results suggest that the precipitation of wettest quarter(PWet Q, mm) exceeding 600 mm is crucial for the occurrence of EBLFs. Furthermore, the heterogeneous occurrence of EBLFs in East Asia is closely associated with the evolution of the Asian Monsoon. This study provides new insights into the occurrence of EBLFs in East Asia.

关键词： Evergreen broad-leaved forests(EBLFs) Plant fossils East Asia Paleoclimate Paleovegetation Asian monsoon

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Engineering an extracellular matrix-functionalized,load-bearing tendon substitute for effective repair of large-to-massive tendon defects

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第6期36卷 221-237页

作者： Shuting Huang Ying Rao Meng Zhou Anna M.Blocki Xiao Chen Chunyi Wen Dai Fei Elmer ker Rocky S.Tuan Dan Michelle wang School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine Hong Kong Science ParkHong Kong SARChina Dr.Li Dak Sum-Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Sports Medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group(CORMed) HangzhouChina Interdisciplinary Division of Biomedical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong SARChina

A significant clinical challenge in large-to-massive rotator cuff tendon injuries is the need for sustaining high mechanical demands despite limited tissue regeneration,which often results in clinical repair failure with high retear rates and long-term functional *** address this,an innovative tendon substitute named“BioTenoForce”is engineered,which uses(i)tendon extracellular matrix(tECM)’s rich biocomplexity for tendon-specific regeneration and(ii)a mechanically robust,slow degradation polyurethane elastomer to mimic native tendon’s physical attributes for sustaining long-term shoulder *** assessments revealed outstanding performance of BioTenoForce,characterized by robust core-shell interfacial bonding,human rotator cuff tendon-like mechanical properties,excellent suture retention,biocompatibility,and tendon differentiation of human adipose-derived stem ***,BioTenoForce,when used as an interpositional tendon substitute,demonstrated successful integration with regenerative tissue,exhibiting remarkable efficacy in repairing large-to-massive tendon injuries in two animal *** outcomes include durable repair and sustained functionality with no observed breakage/rupture,accelerated recovery of rat gait performance,and>1 cm rabbit tendon regeneration with native tendon-like biomechanical *** regenerated tissues showed tendon-like,wavy,aligned matrix structure,which starkly contrasts with the typical disorganized scar tissue observed after tendon injury,and was strongly correlated with tissue *** simple yet versatile approach offers a dual-pronged,broadly applicable strategy that overcomes the limitations of poor regeneration and stringent biomechanical requirements,particularly essential for substantial defects in tendon and other load-bearing tissues.

关键词： Tendon regeneration Large-to-massive tendon defect Tendon tissue engineering Extracellular matrix Polyurethane