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国外森林碳汇价值生态补偿的实现机制与启示

林业科技通讯 2024年第7期 34-37页

作者：张超吴水荣陆霁中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所北京100091

森林碳汇是目前国际认可且可量化的生态公共产品,但在其消费上未很好体现“谁受益,谁补偿”的原则,我国现有的森林生态补偿标准较低,不能准确反映森林的碳汇价值,如何建立健全能够体现碳汇价值的森林生态补偿机制成为社会各界关注的科... 详细信息

森林碳汇是目前国际认可且可量化的生态公共产品,但在其消费上未很好体现“谁受益,谁补偿”的原则,我国现有的森林生态补偿标准较低,不能准确反映森林的碳汇价值,如何建立健全能够体现碳汇价值的森林生态补偿机制成为社会各界关注的科学问题。文中系统梳理了国外有关森林碳汇的生态补偿政策与机制基本情况及主要特点,分析了我国森林生态补偿政策中存在的问题。借鉴国外有益经验,结合我国国情、林情,提出建立健全我国森林碳汇产品价值实现的生态补偿机制的几点建议:(1)建立和完善森林碳汇计量监测体系,完善重点生态碳汇功能区的转移支付分配机制;(2)建立健全纵向森林碳汇生态补偿制度,对不同森林类型实施差别化动态补偿;(3)设立国家森林碳汇效益补偿专项基金,由基金会参与实施和管理,通过税收、碳交易、贷款和资助等方式多渠道筹资。

关键词： “碳中和” 森林碳汇生态补偿机制差别化动态补偿国家森林基金

Extension Strategies in Sloping Land Conversion Program in China: An Analysis of Strengths and Limitations

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Chinese Forestry Science and Technology 2005年第4期4卷 1-12页

作者： wu shuirong Reseach Institute of Forestry Policy ＆Information Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100090PRChina

The Sloping Land Conversion Program （SLCP）is one of the biggest ecological rehabilitation efforts in China covering an area of 15.04million hectares （ha）and involving 20.19million rural households and 97.53million farmers .Forestry extension plays a crucial role in the face of economic losses in the short *** paper summarizes the extension schemes and methodologies adopted ,lessons learnt and specific case analysis is *** analysis shows that there is a need to combine the traditional,top-bottom approach with bottom=top＂problem solving ＂approach and strengthen the involvement and bi-directional communications of multiple stakeholders and *** has significant implications for extension strategies to promote the participation of rural masses in ecological rehabilitation efforts that demand some sacrifices from them in the short run.

关键词： forestry extension Sloping Land Conversion Program extension strategy China

Ethical Dimensions of Payment for Forest Environmental Services

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Chinese Forestry Science and Technology 2007年第1期6卷 42-56页

作者： wu shuirong Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100094 P.R. China

The market-based incentive mechanism of payments for forest environmental services (PFES) seeks to capture part of the benefits derived from forest environmental services and channels them to forest resource owners/managers who generate these services, thus increases their incentives to conserve and manage forest resources. This paper examines some of the most important ethical issues entailed by PFES mechanism. The analysis shows that PFES may not always benefit the poor due to the comparative disadvantages of the poor and the complicated characteristics of forest ecosystem services. It is important and urgent to take ethical dimensions into account in the PFES approaches and design and develop the pro- poor payment mechanism in order to achieve the two objectives of forest conservation and economic development.

关键词： payment for forest environmental services (PFES) ethical dimension equity forest ethics

国外国有林管理体制与产权变革及对我国的启示

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世界林业研究 2005年第2期18卷 1-6页

作者：吴水荣中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所北京100091

简要分析了欧美市场经济国家国有林的管理体制及其改革动向,然后重点对原苏联东欧等经济转轨国家的国有林管理体制改革及其经验教训进行了分析。在此基础上,分析了其对我国国有林管理的启示与政策含义。

关键词：国有林产权国外市场经济国家管理体制改革经验教训经济转轨原苏联欧美东欧

Advance in Forestry Economics and Management

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Advance in Forestry Economics and Management

作者： wu shuirong,Hou Yuanzhao,He Ying

＜正＞The discipline of forestry economics has been developed more than one hundred years in foreign *** the environmental problems standing out,the developed countries have been paying more attention to the

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林业适应气候变化研究的现状及展望

林业经济 2018年第8期40卷 75-79页

作者：陆霁吴水荣中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所

林业作为受气候变化影响很大的行业，适应气候变化的问题尤其重要。减缓与适应是应对气候变化的两个方面。尽管2001年IPCC在第三次评估报告中就提出了适应气候变化的问题，但对该问题的研究和实践仍相对落后于减缓。然而，随着气候变化... 详细信息

林业作为受气候变化影响很大的行业，适应气候变化的问题尤其重要。减缓与适应是应对气候变化的两个方面。尽管2001年IPCC在第三次评估报告中就提出了适应气候变化的问题，但对该问题的研究和实践仍相对落后于减缓。然而，随着气候变化影响的日益明显，适应气候变化正在受到越来越多的重视。文章从森林生态系统管理、空间或土地利用管理以及改善林区生计消除贫困的角度，系统分析林业适应气候变化的研究现状，并对林业适应气候变化的进一步研究提出展望。

关键词：气候变化林业适应适应性管理

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森林生态服务价值评价与补偿研究综述

世界林业研究 2005年第3期18卷 1-5页

作者：侯元兆吴水荣中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所北京100091

在综合分析大量文献的基础上,详细阐述了国内外森林生态服务价值评价与补偿方面的研究现状,分析了该领域已经取得的成果以及存在的不足,并提出了今后的研究方向。

关键词：中国森林生态服务价值生态效益评价生态效益补偿环境服务市场

林业领域国家重点研发专项资金项目绩效评价体系构建初探

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科技管理研究 2020年第15期40卷 80-88页

作者：程中倩吴水荣梁巍中国林业科学研究院林业科技信息研究所中国林业科学研究院科技管理处北京100091

通过层次分析法和模糊综合评价相结合,建立林业领域国家重点研发专项绩效评价指标层次结构模型,根据最低层次各指标权重和指标值对考评对象作出综合评估,形成评价指标体系。在以上分析基础上,运用主成分分析法,提取关键的评价因子,制定... 详细信息

通过层次分析法和模糊综合评价相结合,建立林业领域国家重点研发专项绩效评价指标层次结构模型,根据最低层次各指标权重和指标值对考评对象作出综合评估,形成评价指标体系。在以上分析基础上,运用主成分分析法,提取关键的评价因子,制定合理的林业领域国家重点研发专项绩效评价方案。

关键词：林业国家重点研发专项绩效评价层次分析法主成分分析

Forest Policies Addressing Climate Change in China

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Chinese Forestry Science and Technology 2010年第2期9卷 1-12页

作者： wu shuirong LI Zhiyong YU Tianfei Institute of Forestry Policy and Information, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P. R. China

As a developing country with a large population and a fragile ecological environment, China is particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Beginning with the Rio Conference of 1992 China has played a progressively enhanced role in combating climate change. A series of policies and measures to address climate change have been taken in the overall context of national sustainable development strategy, making positive contributions to the mitigation and adaptation to climate change, among which forestry linked policies have been given increasing priority to over the years. At the UN Summit on Climate Change in September 2009, China's President committed the country to an unprecedented increase in forest carbon sink through augmenting forest coverage by 40 million ha and forest stock volume by 1.3 billion m3 by 2020 compared to the 2005 level. For realizing it China has evolved the Forestry Action Plan to Cope with Climate Change that sets forth five basic principles that include combining the targets of forestry development with the national strategies on climate change, increasing forest size and improving forest quality, increasing carbon trading and controlling emissions, combining government guidance with social participation, slowing down climate change, and adapting to the change. Further, in order to make it people's program rather than a top-down government initiative, China is speeding up the trend of decentralization and privatization of forest management through collective forest tenure reform that are geared towards releasing direct governmental control over forest management, decentralizing the powers of forest administrations to lower levels and promoting community participation in forest management. These comprehensive steps have changed the face of forestry in the country but both the government and the scientific community realize that this is merely a beginning in the long and arduous task of combating climate change.

关键词： climate change mitigation adaptation forest policy China