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Modeling of the Second Indirect Effect of Anthropogenic Aerosols in East Asia

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2011年第6期4卷 316-323页

作者： wu peng-ping HAN Zhi-Wei Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Researeh for Temperate East Asia （RCE-TEA） Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Institute of Plateau Meteorlogy China Meteorological Administration Chengdu 610072 China

This study investigated the second indirect climatic effect of anthropogenic aerosols,including sulfate,organic carbon(OC) ,and black carbon(BC) ,over East *** seasonal variation of the climatic response to the second indirect effect was also *** simulation period for this study was *** to a decrease in autoconversion rate from cloud water to rain as a result of aerosols,the cloud liquid water path(LWP) ,and radiative flux(RF) at the top of the atmosphere(TOA) changed dramatically,increasing by 14.3 g m-2 and decreasing by-4.1 W m-2 in terms of domain and annual *** LWP and RF changed most in autumn. There were strong decreases in ground temperature in Southwest China,the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in spring and autumn,while maximum cooling of up to-1.5 K occurred in the Chongqing *** regional and annual mean change in ground temperature reached-0.2 K over eastern *** all seasons except summer,precipitation generally decreased in most areas north of the Yangtze River,whereas precipitation changed little in South *** changed most in summer,with alternating bands of increasing(～40 mm) and decreasing(～40 mm) precipitation appearing in eastern *** decreased by 1.5-40 mm over large areas of Northeast China and the Huabei *** domain and annual mean change in precipitation was approximately-0.3 mm over eastern *** maximum reduction in precipitation occurred in summer,with mean absolute and relative changes of-1.2 mm and-3.8%over eastern *** study revealed considerable climate responses to the second indirect effect of aerosols over specific regions of China.

关键词： aerosols second indirect effect autoconversion liquid water path model simulation

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Indirect Radiative and Climatic Effects of Sulfate and Organic Carbon Aerosols over East Asia Investigated by RIEMS

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2011年第1期4卷 7-11页

作者： wu peng-ping HAN Zhi-Wei Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia （RCE-TEA） Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The indirect radiative and climatic effects of sulfate and organic carbon aerosols over East Asia were investigated using a Regional Integrated Environment Model System (RIEMS) with an empirical aerosol-cloud *** first indirect radiative forcing was negative and ranged from-9-0 W m-2 in the *** maximum cooling,up to-9 W m-2,occurred in the Chongqing District in winter,whereas the cooling areas were larger during summer than in *** carbon (OC) aerosols were more abundant in winter than in summer,whereas the sulfate concentration during summer was much higher than during *** concentrations of sulfate and OC were comparable in winter,and sulfate played a dominant role in determining indirect radiative forcing in summer,whereas in winter,both sulfate and OC were *** regional mean indirect radiative forcings were-0.73 W m-2 and-0.41 W m-2 in summer and winter,*** surface cooling caused by indirect effects was more obvious in winter than that in *** ground temperature decreased by ～1.2 K in most areas of eastern China in winter,whereas in summer,the temperature decreased (～-1.5 K) in some regions,such as the Yangtze River region,but increased (～0.9 K) in the areas between the Yellow and Yangtze *** winter,the precipitation decreased by 0-6 mm in most areas of eastern China,but in summer,alternating bands of increasing (up to 80 mm) and decreasing (～-80 mm) precipitation appeared in eastern China.

关键词： indirect radiative forcing climatic effect sulfate organic carbon RIEMS

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To improve robustness of mechanical properties of semi-solid cast A356 alloy using taguchi design method

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China Foundry 2024年第2期21卷 175-184页

作者： Yi-wu Xu Hong-yi Zhan Wei Tong Jin-ping Li Le-peng Zhang De-jiang Li Xiao-qin Zeng School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China China Science Lab General Motors Global Research&DevelopmentShanghai 201206China General Motors(China)Investment Co. Ltd.Shanghai 201206China China International Intellectech Corporation(CIIC) Beijing 100004China

Mechanical properties of semi-solid casting are dependent on multiple processing parameters,and improper processing parameters will not only reduce mean data but also increase *** present study investigated the impact of parameters in slurry preparation and heat treatment on the yield strength and ductility of T6 heat-treated A356 Al-Si alloy using rapid slurry forming(RSF)semi-solid *** focus was primarily on the robustness of mechanical properties based on Taguchi design *** analyzing signal-to-noise ratio and minimum value calculated from-3S,the optimum slurry preparation parameters and heat treatment parameters were determined to be no quench,enthalpy exchange material(EEM)temperature of 140℃,EEM-to-melt ratio of 6mass%,stirring time of 18 s,solution heat treated at 520℃ for 2 h,and ageing heat treated at 190℃ for 6 *** a small batch validation,the-3S yield strength and-3S elongation reach 256.1 MPa and 5.03% respectively,showing a satisfactory *** hardness and microstructure of heat-treated samples with the best and worst properties were characterized to gain insight into the underlying mechanisms affecting the mean value and variations of mechanical properties.

关键词： semi-solid casting taguchi design method signal-to-noise ratio mechanical property microstructure

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Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation Enhances Suppression of Cucumber Fusarium Wilt in Greenhouse Soils

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Pedosphere 2010年第5期20卷 586-593页

作者： HU Jun-Li LIN Xian-Gui WANG Jun-Hua SHEN Wei-Shou wu Shu peng Su-ping MAO Ting-Ting State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Joint Open Laboratory of Soil and the Environment Hong Kong Baptist University & Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China)

A pot experiment was conducted to study the plant growth and fruit yields of cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） on a greenhouse soil with or without inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMFs） and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp, cucumerinum under unsterilized conditions. Two AMF inocula were tested： only one AMF strain Glomus caledonium 90036 and an AMF consortium mainly consisting of Glornus spp. and Acaulospora spp. There were four treatments including no inoculation （control）, inoculation with F. oxysporum but without mycorrhizae （FO）, inoculation with F. oxysporum and G. caledonium （FO＋M1）, and inoculation with F. oxysporum and the AMF consortium （FO＋M2）. Cucumber plants were harvested at weeks 3 and 9 after transplanting. Compared with the control, the FO treatment without AMF inoculation had less biomass both at weeks 3 and 9 （P 〈 0.05） and had higher incidence of Fusarium wilt and produced no cucumber fruit at week 9. Both FO＋M1 and FO＋M2 treatments had higher mycorrhizal colonization than the treatments which received no AMF inoculation at week 3 （P 〈 0.05）, but only the FO＋M2 treatment elevated plant biomass, decreased the incidence of Fusarium wilt, and improved cucumber yields to the same level as the control at week 9. The results indicated that the AMF consortium could suppress Fusarium wilt of cucumber and, therefore, showed potential as a biological control agent in greenhouse agroecosystems.

关键词： AMF consortia Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum soil-borne disease wilt plant death

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Low Surface Brightness Galaxies from BASS+MzLS with Machine Learning

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 185-197页

作者： peng-Liang Du Wei Du Bing-Qing Zhang Zhen-ping Yi Min He Hong wu Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Mechanical Electrical and Information EngineeringShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China

From ∼5000 deg^(2) of the combination of the Beijing–Arizona Sky Survey and Mayall z-band Legacy Survey which is also the northern sky region of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Legacy Imaging Surveys, we selected a sample of 31,825 candidates of low surface brightness galaxies (LSBGs) with the mean effective surface brightness 24.2 0.60) LSBGs. The blue LSBGs appear spiral, disk or irregular while the red LSBGs are spheroidal or elliptical and spatially clustered. This trend shows that the color has a strong correlation with galaxy morphology for LSBGs. In the spatial distribution, the blue LSBGs are more uniformly distributed while the red ones are highly clustered, indicating that red LSBGs preferentially populate a denser environment than the blue LSBGs. Besides, both populations have a consistent distribution of ellipticity (median ∈∼ 0.3), half-light radius (median r_(eff) ∼ 4″) and Sérsic index (median n=1), implying the dominance of the full sample by the round and disk galaxies. This sample has definitely extended the studies of LSBGs to a regime of lower surface brightness, fainter magnitude and broader other properties than the previously Sloan Digital Sky Survey-based samples.

关键词： catalogs-galaxies fundamental parameters-galaxies statistics-techniques photometric

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Single-atom sites regulation by the second-shell doping for efficient electrochemical CO_(2)reduction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 360-363页

作者： Qian-Qian Tang Li-Fang Feng Zhi-peng Li Shi-Hao wu Long-Shuai Zhang Qing Sun Mei-Feng wu Jian-ping Zou Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Heavy Metals Pollutants Control and Resource Utilization Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China

Nitrogen-doped carbon loaded single-atom catalysts(SACs)are promising candidates for electrocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)into high-valuable chemicals,and the modification of catalysts by heteroatom-doping strategy is an effective approach to enhance the CO_(2)reduction ***,the large difference exists in atomic radius between nitrogen atoms and the doped heteroatoms may lead to the poor stability of active *** this study,we have synthesized a Ni single atom catalyst with S doping at the secondshell on the ultrathin carbon nanosheets support(Ni-N_(4)-SC)by solid-phase *** S atom in the second-shell contributes to the higher efficiency of CO_(2)conversion at lower potentials while the Ni-N_(4)-SC can be more *** experimental results and theoretical calculations indicate that the S atom in second-shell breaks the uniform charge distribution and reduces the free energy of hydrogenation,which can increase the adsorption of CO_(2),accelerate charge transfer,and reduce the reaction energy *** work reveals the close relationship between the second-shell and the electrocatalytic activity of single atom sites,which also provides a new perspective to design efficient single atom catalysts.

关键词： Single-atom catalyst Heteroatom-doping Second shell CO_(2)electroreduction Electronic structure regulation

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FERONIA-mediated TIR1/AFB2 oxidation stimulates auxin signaling in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 772-787页

作者： Baiyan Lu Shengnan Wang Hanqian Feng Jing Wang Kaixing Zhang Yilin Li ping wu Minmin Zhang Yanshu Xia Chao peng Chao Li School of Life Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China National Facilty for Protein Science Shanghai Zhangjang LabShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China

The phytohormone auxin plays a pivotal role in governing plant growth and *** the TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX(TIR1/AFB)receptors function in both the nucleus and cytoplasm,the mechanism governing the distribution of TIR1/AFBs between these cellular compartments remains *** this study,we demonstrate that auxin-mediated oxidation of TIR1/AFB2 is essential for their targeting to the *** showed that small active molecules,reactive oxygen species(ROS)and nitric oxide(NO),are indispensable for the nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of TIR1/AFB2 in trichoblasts and root *** studies revealed that this process is regulated by the FERONIA receptor kinase–NADPH oxidase signaling ***,ROS and NO initiate oxidative modifications in TIR1C140/516 and AFB2C135/511,facilitating their subsequent nuclear *** oxidized forms of TIR1C140/516 and AFB2C135/511 play a crucial role in enhancing the function of TIR1 and AFB2 in transcriptional auxin ***,our study reveals a novel mechanism by which auxin stimulates the transport of TIR1/AFB2 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus,orchestrated by the FERONIA–ROS signaling pathway.

关键词： FERONIA TIR1/AFBs oxidative modification nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution root hair development

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Plasmon-enhanced ultra-high photoresponse of single-wall carbon nanotube/copper/silicon near-infrared photodetectors

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5930-5936页

作者： Yi-Ming Zhao Xian-Gang Hu Chao Chen Zuo-Hua Wang An-ping wu Hong-Wang Zhang peng-Xiang Hou Chang Liu Hui-Ming Cheng Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China National Engineering Research Center for Equipment and Technology of Cold Strip Rolling College of Mechanical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Single wall carbon nanotube(SWCNT)/Si heterojunction photodetectors have the advantages of high photoresponse ability and simple structure,however,their detection wavelength range are usually lower than 1100 nm,which limits their application in the infrared *** report a SWCNT/Cu/Si photodetector with both a high photoresponse and a detection range up to the infrared band by depositing a Cu nanoparticles(NPs)layer between a SWCNT film and a n-Si *** was found that the Cu NPs produce strong surface plasmon resonance(SPR)under laser irradiation,which breaks through the limitation of Si band gap and greatly improves the photoresponse of the SWCNT/Cu/Si photodetector in the near infrared *** responsivity(R)of the photodetector in the wavelength range of 1850–1200 nm reached 2.2–14.15 mA/W,which is the highest value in the reported plasmon enhanced n-Si based photodetectors,and about 20,000 times higher than that of a SWCNT/Si *** R value for 1550 nm wavelength used in optical communications reached~8.2 mA/W,which is 64%higher than the previously reported values of commonly used *** attribute the significant increase to the strong SPR and low Schottky barrier of Cu with n-Si,which facilitates the generation and transfer of the carriers.

关键词： single wall carbon nanotube photodetector silicon surface plasmon resonance copper

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Prediction of chemical short-range order in high-/medium-entropy alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 115-123页

作者： Pei-Yu Cao Jing Wang ping Jiang Yun-Jiang Wang Fu-ping Yuan Xiao-Lei wu State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Chemical short-range orders(CSROs),as the built-in sub-nanoscale entities in a high-/medium-entropy alloy(H/MEA),have aroused an ever-increasing *** multi-principal elements in an H/MEA to form a complex concentrated solution,a variety of sub-systems of species exist to induce the metastable ordered compounds as candidates for ultimate *** issues remain pending on the origin of CSROs as to how to judge if CSRO will form in an H/MEA and particularly,what kind of CSROs would be stably produced if there were multiple ***,the first-principles method,along with the proposed local formation energy calculation in allusion to the atomic-scale chemical heterogeneities,is used to predict the CSRO formation based on the mechanical stability,thermodynamic formation energy,and electronic *** simulations are detailed in an equiatomic ternary VCoNi MEA with three kinds of potential compounds,i.e.,L1_(1),L1_(2),and B2,in the face-centered cubic *** turns out that L1_(1)is stable but hard to grow up so as to become the final CSRO.L1_(1)is further predicted as CSROs in CrCoNi,but unable to form in FeCoNi and CrMnFeCoNi *** predictions are consistent with the experimental *** findings shed light on understanding the formation of *** method is applicable to other H/MEAs to design and tailor CSROs by tuning chemical species/contents and thermal processing for high performance.

关键词： Short-range order High-entropy alloy Microstructure First-principles calculation Gibbs free energy Local electronic density of states

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Activatable photoacoustic bioprobe for visual detection of aging in vivo

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 324-329页

作者： Zihong Li Jie Cheng ping Huang Guoliang wu Weiying Lin Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy MaterialsSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Aging is a natural physiological process with various challenges, related to the loss of homeostasis within the organism, which is not a disease, but a significantly strong risk factor for multiple diseases, including myocardial infarction, stroke, some age-related cancers, macular degeneration, osteoarthritis, neurodegeneration, and many others. In the body, the main manifestation of aging is cellular aging, which exists within tissues and has a local or global impact on tissue function. However, the lack of effective aging detection tools has always been an issue that cannot be ignored in the field of aging research. Therefore,it is necessary to construct a non-invasive tool for in vivo detection of aging. Here, we show that the photoacoustic probe(LGAL), which has peak excitation and emission wavelengths in the near-infrared optical window, binds in vivo and at high contrast to the hallmark of aging, and allows for the microscopic imaging of aging through the intact mice. Firstly, this tool LGAL has been successfully applied to detect senescence in cells, displaying stronger photoacoustic signals than normal cells. Then, by using the photoacoustic probe, the blood vessels and tissues inside the mice can be visualized. Young and elderly mice exhibit varying intensities of photoacoustic signals, marking the first time a probe has been used to explore the aging of blood vessels and tissues inside the mice. Finally, we monitored the changes in the degree of aging during tumor treatment under photoacoustic(PA) imaging for the first time. As the treatment time increased, the degree of aging of the tumor gradually deepened. We expect the powerful tool could be a noninvasive and powerful tool for the study of aging biology.

关键词： Near-infrared Photoacoustic Aging Senescence Tumor Sa-β-gal

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