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Effects of maternal methyl donor intake during pregnancy on ileum methylation and function in an intrauterine growth restriction pig model

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1173-1189页

作者： Yan Lin Jiangnan wu Yong Zhuo Bin feng Zhengfeng Fang Shengyu Xu Jian Li hua Zhao De wu Lun hua Lianqiang Che Key Laboratory of Animal Disease‑Resistance Nutrition Animal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Background Intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)affects intestinal growth,morphology,and function,which leads to poor growth performance and high mortality.The present study explored whether maternal dietary methyl donor(MET)supplementation alleviates IUGR and enhances offspring’s growth performance by improving intestinal growth,function,and DNA methylation of the ileum in a porcine IUGR model.Methods Forty multiparous sows were allocated to the control or MET diet groups from mating until delivery.After farrowing,8 pairs of IUGR and normal birth weight piglets from 8 litters were selected for sampling before suckling colostrum.Results The results showed that maternal MET supplementation tended to decrease the IUGR incidence and increased the average weaning weight of piglets.Moreover,maternal MET supplementation significantly reduced the plasma concentrations of isoleucine,cysteine,urea,and total amino acids in sows and newborn pig-lets.It also increased lactase and sucrase activity in the jejunum of newborn piglets.MET addition resulted in lower ileal methionine synthase activity and increased betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity in the ileum of newborn piglets.DNA methylation analysis of the ileum showed that MET supplementation increased the methyla-tion level of DNA CpG sites in the ileum of newborn piglets.Down-regulated differentially methylated genes were enriched in folic acid binding,insulin receptor signaling pathway,and endothelial cell proliferation.In contrast,up-regulated methylated genes were enriched in growth hormone receptor signaling pathway and nitric oxide biosyn-thetic process.Conclusions Maternal MET supplementation can reduce the incidence of IUGR and increase the weaning litter weight of piglets,which may be associated with better intestinal function and methylation status.

关键词： Ileum Intrauterine growth restriction Methyl donor Methylation Sows

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Counteracting effects on ENSO induced by ocean chlorophyll interannual variability and tropical instability wave-scale perturbations in the tropical Pacific

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 387-404页

作者： Rong-hua ZHANG feng TIAN Qidong SHI Xiujun WANG Tongwen wu School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao266237China Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408China Faculty of Geographical Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

Large perturbations in chlorophyll(Chl)are observed to coexist at interannual and tropical instability wave(TIW)scales in the tropical Pacific;at present,their combined effects on El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)through ocean biologyinduced heating(OBH)feedbacks are not understood well.Here,a hybrid coupled model(HCM)for the atmosphere and ocean physics-biogeochemistry(AOPB)in the tropical Pacific is adopted to quantify how ENSO can be modulated by Chl perturbations at interannual and TIW scales,individually or collectively,respectively.The HCM-based sensitivity experiments demonstrate a counteracting effect on ENSO:the bio-climate feedback due to large-scale Chl interannual variability acts to damp ENSO through its impact on upper-ocean stratification and vertical mixing,whereas that due to TIW-scale Chl perturbations tends to amplify ENSO.Because ENSO simulations are sensitively dependent on the ways Chl effects are represented at these different scales,it is necessary to adequately take into account these related differential Chl effects in climate modeling.A bias source for ENSO simulations is illustrated that is related with the Chl effects in the tropical Pacific,adding in a new insight into interactions between the climate system and ocean ecosystem on different scales in the region.These results reveal a level of complexity of ENSO modulations resulting from Chl effects at interannual and TIW scales,which are associated with ocean biogeochemical processes and their interactions with physical processes in the tropical Pacific.

关键词： Ocean chlorophyll Bio-climate feedbacks Interannual variability Tropical instability waves Counteracting effects A hybrid coupled model

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Heteroepitaxial growth of Au@Pd core–shell nanocrystals with intrinsic chiral surfaces for enantiomeric recognition

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 225-235页

作者： feng-Xia wu feng-hua Li Xia-Li Lv Qi-Xian Zhang Guo-Bao Xu Wen-Xin Niu State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China Shaoxing Institute of Technology Shanghai UniversityShaoxing 312000China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200436China Zhejiang Institute of Advanced Materials Shanghai UniversityJiashan 314113China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

Noble metal surfaces with intrinsic chirality serve as an ideal candidate for investigating enantioselective chemistry due to their superior chemical durability and high catalytic activity.Recently,significant advance has been made in synthesizing metal nanocrystals with intrinsic chirality.Nonetheless,the majority reports are limited to gold.Herein,through a heteroepitaxial growth strategy,the synthesis of metal nanocrystals with intrinsic chirality to palladium was extended for the first time and their application in enantioselective recognition was demonstrated.The heteroepitaxial growth strategy allows for transferring the chirality of homochiral Au nanocrystals to Au@Pd core–shell nanocrystals.By employing the chiral Au@Pd nanocrystals as enantiomeric recognizing elements,a series of electrochemical sensors for chiral discrimination were developed.Under optimal conditions,the peak potential between D-dihydroxyphenylalanine(D-DOPA)and L-dihydroxyphenylalanine(L-DOPA)is about 80 m V,and the peak current of D-DOPA is 2 times as much as that of L-DOPA,which enables the determination of the enantiomeric excess(EE,%)of L-DOPA.Overall,this report not only introduces a heteroepitaxial growth strategy to synthesize metal nanocrystals with intrinsic chirality,but also demonstrates the superior capability of integrating intrinsic chirality and catalytic properties into metal nanocrystals for chiral recognition.

关键词： Core–shell nanostructures Chirality transfer Electrochemical sensors Chiral recognition Chiroplasmonics

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Decreased AKAP4/PKA signaling pathway in high DFI sperm affects sperm capacitation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 25-33页

作者： Kun Zhang Xiu-hua Xu Jian wu Ning Wang Gang Li Gui-Min Hao Jin-feng Cao Hebei Key Laboratory of Infertility and Genetics Department of Reproductive MedicineSecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050000China Department of Reproductive Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221000China Department of Neurology The 980th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force(Bethune International Peace Hospital)Shijiazhuang 050000China.

The sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI)is a metric used to assess DNA fragmentation within sperm.During in vitro fertilizationembryo transfer(IVF-ET),high sperm DFI can lead to a low fertilization rate,poor embryo development,early miscarriage,etc.A kinase anchoring protein(AKAP)is a scaffold protein that can bind protein kinase A(PKA)to subcellular sites of specific substrates and protects the biophosphorylation reaction.Sperm protein antigen 17(SPA17)can also bind to AKAP.This study intends to explore the reason for the decreased fertilization rate observed in high sperm DFI(H-DFI)patients during IVF-ET.In addition,the study investigates the expression of AKAP,protein kinase A regulatory subunit(PKARIl),and SPA17 between H-DFI and low sperm DFI(L-DFI)patients.SPA17 at the transcriptional level is abnormal,the translational level increases in H-DFI patients,and the expression of AKAP4/PKARIl protein decreases.H,O,has been used to simulate oxidative stress damage to spermatozoa during the formation of sperm DFI.It indicates that H,O,increases the expression of sperm SPA17 protein and suppresses AKAP4/PKARIl protein expression.These processes inhibit sperm capacitation and reduce acrosomal reactions.Embryo culture data and IVF outcomes have been documented.The H-DFI group has a lower fertilization rate.Therefore,the results indicate that the possible causes for the decreased fertilization rate in the H-DFI patients have included loss of sperm AKAP4/PKARIl proteins,blocked sperm capacitation,and reduced occurrence of acrosome reaction.

关键词： AKAP PKA SPA17 sperm capacitation sperm DNA fragmentation index

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Tau truncation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1221-1232页

作者： Dandan Chu Xingyue Yang Jing Wang Yan Zhou Jin-hua Gu Jin Miao feng wu Fei Liu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products Coinnovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong University 2. Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy Nantong University 3. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Medicine Nantong University 4. Department of Clinical Pharmacy Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University Nantong University 5. Laboratory of Animal Center Nantong University Department of Neurochemistry Inge Grundke-Iqbal Research Floor New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities

Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by two major neuropathological hallmarks—the extracellular β-amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregated and hyperphosphorylated Tau protein. Recent studies suggest that dysregulation of the microtubuleassociated protein Tau, especially specific proteolysis, could be a driving force for Alzheimer’s disease neurodegeneration. Tau physiologically promotes the assembly and stabilization of microtubules, whereas specific truncated fragments are sufficient to induce abnormal hyperphosphorylation and aggregate into toxic oligomers, resulting in them gaining prion-like characteristics. In addition, Tau truncations cause extensive impairments to neural and glial cell functions and animal cognition and behavior in a fragment-dependent manner. This review summarizes over 60 proteolytic cleavage sites and their corresponding truncated fragments, investigates the role of specific truncations in physiological and pathological states of Alzheimer’s disease, and summarizes the latest applications of strategies targeting Tau fragments in the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease cleavage site diagnosis marker neurofibrillary tangles phosphorylation Tau Tau aggregation therapy truncation

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Left ventricular thrombosis caused cerebral embolism during venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第5期12卷 973-979页

作者： Yao-Bang Bai feng Zhao Zhen-hua wu Guo-Ning Shi Nan Jiang Intensive Care Unit Department of Cardiac SurgeryTianjin Chest HospitalTianjin 300222China Department of Cardiac Surgery Tianjin Chest HospitalTianjin 300222China

BACKGROUND Venoarterial(VA)extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO),an effective short-term circulatory support method for refractory cardiogenic shock,is widely applied.However,retrospective analyses have shown that VA-ECMO-assisted cases were associated with a relatively high mortality rate of approximately 60%.Embolization in important organs caused by complications of left ventricular thrombosis(LVT)during VA-ECMO is also an important reason.Although the incidence of LVT during VA-ECMO is not high,the consequences of embolization are disastrous.CASE SUMMARY A 37-year-old female patient was admitted to hospital because of fever for 4 d and palpitations for 3 d.After excluding the diagnosis of coronary heart disease,we established a diagnosis of“clinically explosive myocarditis”.The patient still had unstable hemodynamics after drug treatment supported by VA-ECMO,with heparin for anticoagulation.On day 4 of ECMO support,a left ventricular thro-mbus attached to the papillary muscle root of the mitral valve was found by transthoracic echocardiography.Left ventricular decompression was performed and ECMO was successfully removed,but the patient eventually died of multiple cerebral embolism.CONCLUSION LVT with high mobility during VA-ECMO may cause embolism in important organs.Therefore,a"wait and see"strategy should be avoided.

关键词： Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Left ventricular thrombosis Cerebral embolism Magnetic Resonance Imaging Therapy Case report

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Effects and mechanisms of acupuncture on women related health

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 46-67页

作者： Huichao Qin Jiaxing feng Xiaoke wu Department of Reproductive Medicine Heilongjiang Provincial HospitalHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150036China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology First Affiliated HospitalHeilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbin150040China

Globally,public health interventions have resulted in a 30-year increase in women’s life expectancy.However,women’s health has not increased when socioeconomic status is ignored.Women’s health has become a major public health concern,for those women from developing countries are still struggling with infectious and labor-related diseases,and their counterparts in developed countries are suffering from physical and psychological disorders.In recent years,complementary and alternative medicine has attracted wide attentions with regards to maintaining women’s health.Acupuncture,a crucial component of traditional Chinese medicine,has been used to treat many obstetric and gynecological diseases for thousands of years due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and its effects on stimulating the sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous system.To fully understand the mechanism through which acupuncture exerts its effects in these diseases would significantly extend the list of available interventions and would allow for more reasonable advice to be given to general practitioners.Therefore,by searching PubMed and CNKI regarding the use of acupuncture in treating obstetric and gynecological diseases,we aimed to summarize the proven evidence of using acupuncture in maintaining women’s health by considering both its effectiveness and the underlying mechanisms behind its effects.

关键词： acupuncture women health clinical efficacy mechanism

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Regulation of the quantum barrier and carrier transport toward high-efficiency quasi-2D Dion-Jacobson tin perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 200-207页

作者： huanhuan Yao Chang Shi Tai wu Shurong Wang Mingyu Yin Liming Ding Yong hua feng Hao School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS) Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and Technology

Quasi-2D Dion-Jacobson（DJ） tin halide perovskite has attracted much attention due to its elimination of Van der Waals gap and enhanced environmental stability.However,the bulky organic spacers usually form a natural quantum well structure,which brings a large quantum barrier and poor film quality,further limiting the carrier transport and device performance.Here,we designed three organic spacers with different chain lengths(ethylenediamine（EDA）,1,3-propanediamine（PDA）,and 1,4-butanediamine（BDA）) to investigate the quantum barrier dependence.Theoretical and experimental characterizations indicate that EDA with short chain can reduce the lattice distortion and dielectric confinement effect,which is beneficial to the effective dissociation of excitons and the inhibition of trap-free non-radiative relaxation.In addition,EDA cation shows strong interaction with the inorganic octahedron,realizing large aggregates in precursor solution and high-quality films with improved structural stability.Furthermore,femtosecond transient absorption proves that EDA cations can also weaken the formation of small n-phases with large quantum barrier to achieve effective carrier transport between different nphases.Finally,the quasi-2D DJ（EDA）FA9Sn10I31solar cells achieves a 7.07% power conversion efficiency with good environment stability.Therefore,this work sheds light on the regulation of the quantum barrier and carrier transport through the chain length of organic spacer for qua si-2D DJ lead-free perovskites.

关键词： Carrier transport Chain lengths Lattice distortion Organic spacers Quantum well

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HHO optimized support vector machine classifier for traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 991-1000页

作者： Li Xiao Cheng-wu Wang Ying Deng Yi-Jing Yang Jing Lu Jun-feng Yan Qing-hua Peng School of Chinese Medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina School of Informatics Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina Hunan Provincial Engineering and Technological Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology Diseases with Chinese Medicine and Protecting Visual Function Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina

AIM:To develop a classifier for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome differentiation of diabetic retinopathy(DR),using optimized machine learning algorithms,which can provide the basis for TCM objective and intelligent syndrome differentiation.METHODS:Collated data on real-world DR cases were collected.A variety of machine learning methods were used to construct TCM syndrome classification model,and the best performance was selected as the basic model.Genetic Algorithm(GA)was used for feature selection to obtain the optimal feature combination.Harris Hawk Optimization(HHO)was used for parameter optimization,and a classification model based on feature selection and parameter optimization was constructed.The performance of the model was compared with other optimization algorithms.The models were evaluated with accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score as indicators.RESULTS:Data on 970 cases that met screening requirements were collected.Support Vector Machine(SVM)was the best basic classification model.The accuracy rate of the model was 82.05%,the precision rate was 82.34%,the recall rate was 81.81%,and the F1 value was 81.76%.After GA screening,the optimal feature combination contained 37 feature values,which was consistent with TCM clinical practice.The model based on optimal combination and SVM(GA_SVM)had an accuracy improvement of 1.92%compared to the basic classifier.SVM model based on HHO and GA optimization(HHO_GA_SVM)had the best performance and convergence speed compared with other optimization algorithms.Compared with the basic classification model,the accuracy was improved by 3.51%.CONCLUSION:HHO and GA optimization can improve the model performance of SVM in TCM syndrome differentiation of DR.It provides a new method and research idea for TCM intelligent assisted syndrome differentiation.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine diabetic retinopathy Harris Hawk Optimization Support Vector Machine syndrome differentiation

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Audio Mixing Inversion via Embodied Self-supervised Learning

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 55-62页

作者： Haotian Zhou feng Yu Xihong wu Department of AI Music and Music Information Technology Central Conservatory of MusicBeijing 100031China Laboratory of Music Artificial Intelligence Laboratory of Philosophy and Social SciencesMinistry of EducationBeijing 100031China School of Intelligence Science and Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Audio mixing is a crucial part of music production.For analyzing or recreating audio mixing,it is of great importance to conduct research on estimating mixing parameters used to create mixdowns from music recordings,i.e.,audio mixing inversion.However,approaches of audio mixing inversion are rarely explored.A method of estimating mixing parameters from raw tracks and a stereo mixdown via embodied self-supervised learning is presented.In this work,several commonly used audio effects including gain,pan,equalization,reverb,and compression,are taken into consideration.This method is able to learn an inference neural network that takes a stereo mixdown and the raw audio sources as input and estimate mixing parameters used to create the mixdown by iteratively sampling and training.During the sampling step,the inference network predicts a set of mixing parameters,which is sampled and fed to an audio-processing framework to generate audio data for the training step.During the training step,the same network used in the sampling step is optimized with the sampled data generated from the sampling step.This method is able to explicitly model the mixing process in an interpretable way instead of using a black-box neural network model.A set of objective measures are used for evaluation.The experimental results show that this method has better performance than current state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Audio mixing inversion intelligent audio mixing self-supervised learning audio signal processing deep learning

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