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Abductive statistical methods improve the results of calibration curve bioassays:An example of determining zinc bioavailability in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 294-304页

作者： Gene M.Pesti Lynne Billard Shu-biao wu Robert A.Swick Thi Thanh Hoai Nguyen Natalie Morgan The University of New England ArmidaleNSW2351Australia The University of Georgia AthensGA30602USA

In this paper,we discuss the theory behind calibration curve experiments and their application to a zinc(Zn)bioavailability study with broiler *** replicates of 16 male commercial broiler chicks were fed starter diets for 14 *** diets had different levels of a potential Zn source and one was a positive control with standard industry levels of Zn for *** commonly used methods of calculating bioavailability means and confidence intervals(CI)from a calibration curve(standard curve)experiment to estimate the bioavailability of a new zinc source in broiler chickens were *** methods compared were the following:1)the Counter-Intuitive Method uses a multiple-range test to compare unknown test and standard samples;2)the Intuitive Method uses standard linear regression and inverts the equation to predict Zn bioavailability for each replicate of test samples;3)the Abductive Method uses Graybill's Equation,based on theory and observation,to estimate CI's;and 4)the Sophistic Method uses reverse regression,and calculates Zn bioavailability values directly from the *** Counter-Intuitive Method only gives information about which standards the test samples are,or are not,significantly different from respectively(average available Zn not predicted).The Intuitive Method ignores error about the standard curve and theoretically cannot estimate the CI directly(X±SEM=107.5±15.8 mg Zn/kg).The Sophistic Method underestimates and overestimates the test sample mean values above and below the mean of the standards,respectively(X=96.6 mg Zn/kg).The Abductive Method has an advantage over the other methods:The mean prediction estimation is consistent with theory(107.5±6.1 mg Zn/kg;X±SEM).When test or“unknown”samples are near the mean of the standard samples,the CI is smaller than when near the extremes of the calibration *** calibration curve error is small(R^(2)>approximately 0.95),there is little advantage to using the Abductive Method,but wh

关键词： Calibration curve Standard curve Confidence interval Bioavailability

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Organic acid blends improve intestinal integrity,modulate short-chain fatty acids profiles and alter microbiota of broilers under necrotic enteritis challenge

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 82-90页

作者： Alip Kumar Mehdi Toghyani Sarbast K.Kheravii Lane Pineda Yanming Han Robert A.Swick Shu-biao wu School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia Trouw Nutrition R&D Stationsstraat 773811MHAmersfoortthe Netherlands School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of SydneyNSW2006Australia

Controlling enteric diseases of broilers is *** many additives,organic acids(OA)and their blends are gaining attention to combat diseases in the post-antibiotic *** current study evaluated the potentials of short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)and medium-chain fatty acids(MCFA)blends and/or phenolic compounds on intestinal integrity,intestinal pH,caecal microbiota,and caecal SCFA profiles of broilers under necrotic enteritis(NE)*** additives used were:(A)a blend of SCFA,MCFA,and a phenolic compound(SMP),(B)a blend of free and buffered SCFA with MCFA(SMF),and(C)a blend of free and buffered SCFA with a high concentration of MCFA(SHM).A total of 1,404 male parental chicks of Ross 308 broilers were randomly allocated to 78 floor pens on hatching day with 6 treatments replicated 13 times with 18 birds per *** treatments were:UCC,unchallenged control;CHC,challenged control;BAC,challenged group plus zinc bacitracin;SMP,challenged group plus additive SMP;SMF,challenged group plus additive SMF;SHM,challenged group plus additive *** were challenged with field-strain Eimeria *** d 9 and Clostridium perfringens on d *** challenged with NE increased fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)concentration in serum,reduced acetate and butyrate concentrations,and increased Bacteroides and *** load in the caeca(P0.05).The SMP group had a higher load compared to BAC(P<0.05).These findings

关键词： Organic acid blend Alternative to antibiotics Intestinal health Necrotic enteritis Broiler chicken

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Pancreas-preserving duodenectomy for treatment of a duodenal papillary tumor:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第18期9卷 4748-4753页

作者： biao wu Shi-Yong Chen Yuan Li Yu He Xin-Xin Wang Xiao-Jun Yang Department of General Surgery Gansu Provincial HospitalLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina School of Clinical Medicine Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750000Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND Duodenal papillary tumor is a rare tumor of the digestive tract,accounting for about 0.2%of gastrointestinal tumors and 7%of periampullary *** clinical manifestations of biliary obstruction are most *** benign tumors or small malignant tumors are often not easily found because they have no obvious symptoms in the early *** resection is the only treatment for duodenal papillary *** present,the methods of operation for duodenal papillary tumors include pancreatoduodenectomy,duodenectomy,ampullectomy,and endoscopic *** SUMMARY A 47-year-old man was admitted to because of a duodenal mass that had been discovered 2 mo *** gastroscopy at another hospital revealed a duodenal papillary mass that had been considered to be a high-grade intraepithelial ***,we conducted a multidisciplinary group discussion and decided to perform a pancreas-preserving duodenectomy and a R0 resection was successfully *** surgery,the patient underwent a follow-up period of 5 *** recurrence or metastasis *** According to our experience with a duodenal papillary tumor,compared with pancreaticoduodenectomy,the use of pancreas-preserving duodenectomy can preserve pancreatic function,maintain gastrointestinal structure and function,reduce tissue damage and complications,and render the postoperative recovery ***-preserving duodenectomy for treatment of a duodenal papillary tumor is feasible under strict control of surgical indications.

关键词： Duodenal papillary tumor Benign tumor Malignant tumor Pancreaspreserving duodenectomy Case report

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Re-evaluation of recent research on metabolic utilization of energy in poultry:Recommendations for a net energy system for broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 62-72页

作者： Jean Noblet Aye-Cho Tay-Zar Shu-biao wu Pairat Srichana Pierre Cozannet Pierre-Andre Geraert Mingan Choct INRAE RennesFrance Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited(CPF) BangkokThailand School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleAustralia Adisseo France S.A.S. AntonyFrance

Different energy systems have been proposed for energy evaluation of feeds for domestic *** oldest and most commonly used systems take into account the fecal energy loss to obtain digestible energy(DE),and fecal,urinary and fermentation gases energy losses to calculate metabolizable energy(ME).In the case of ruminants and pigs,the net energy(NE)system,which takes into account the heat increment associated with the metabolic utilization of ME,has progressively replaced the DE and ME systems over the last 50 *** poultry,apparent ME(AME)is used exclusively and NE is not yet used *** present paper considers some important methodological points for measuring NE in poultry feeds and summarizes the available knowledge on NE systems for *** prediction equations based on a common analysis of three recent studies representing a total of 50 complete and balanced diets fed to broilers are proposed;these equations including the AME content and easily available chemical indicators have been validated on another set of 30 *** equations are applicable to both ingredients and complete *** rely primarily on an accurate and reliable AME value which then represents the first limiting predictor of NE *** analysis indicates that NE would be a better predictor of broiler performance than AME and that the hierarchy between feeds is dependent on the energy system with a higher energy value for fat and a lower energy value for protein in an NE *** considerations for implementing such an NE system from the commonly used AME or AMEn(AME adjusted for zero nitrogen balance)systems are *** conclusion,there is sufficient information to allow the implementation of the NE concept in order to improve the accuracy of feed formulation in poultry.

关键词： Poultry Feed evaluation Net energy Energy system

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Carrier-Density-Determined Magnetoresistance in Semimetal SrIrO_(3)

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第10期41卷 90-96页

作者： Liang Yang biao wu Xin Liu Mingyu Wang Congli He Shouguo Wang Jinxing Zhang School of Physics and Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics(Ministry of Education) Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China SwissFEL Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSI 5232Switzerland Anhui Key Laboratory of Magnetic Functional Materials and Devices School of Materials Science and EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China

SrIrO_(3),a Dirac material with a strong spin-orbit coupling(SOC),is a platform for studying topological properties in strongly correlated systems,where its band structure can be modulated by multiple factors,such as crystal symmetry,elements doping,oxygen vacancies,magnetic field,and ***,we find that the engineered carrier density plays a critical role on the magnetoelectric transport properties of the topological semimetal SrIrO_(3).The decrease of carrier density subdues the weak localization and the associated negative magnetoresistance,while enhancing the SOC-induced weak ***,the sample with the lowest carrier density exhibits high-field positive magnetoresistance,suggesting the presence of a Dirac *** addition,the anisotropic magnetoresistance indicates the anisotropy of the electronic structure near the Fermi *** engineering of carrier density provides a general strategy to control the Fermi surface and electronic structure in topological materials.

关键词： temperature materials topological

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Potential of a mixture of eugenol and garlic tincture to improve performance and intestinal health in broilers under necrotic enteritis challenge

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 26-37页

作者： Alip Kumar Nishchal K.Sharma Sarbast K.Kheravii Chake Keerqin Catherine Ionescu Alexandra Blanchard Shu-biao wu School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia ADMi Pancosma SA A-One Business CenterLa piece 3CH-1180RolleSwitzerland

Plant extracts(PE)are gaining increased attention as potential alternatives to in-feed antimicrobials(AM)due to their known antimicrobial *** study was conducted to examine the potential of PE,a microencapsulated product composed of eugenol and garlic tincture as an alternative to AM-agent on performance and intestinal health in broilers under necrotic enteritis(NE)challenge.A total of 960 dayold mixed-sex Cobb 500 chicks were randomly distributed to 48-floor pens with 6 treatments replicated 8 times with 20 birds *** 6 treatments were as follows:UC,unchallenged control;CC,challenged control;PE,challenged group plus PE;AM,challenged group plus AM;FAP,challenged group plus a full dose of AM with PE;HAP,challenged group plus a half dose of AM with PE in starter,grower and finisher *** in the challenged groups were inoculated with Eimeria *** d 9 and Clostridium perfringens on d *** body weight gain(BWG),feed intake(FI),feed conversion ratio(FCR),and livability of birds were compromised,and intestinal lesions and mortality were increased(P<0.05)by NE challenge,illustrating a successful clinical NE *** fed AM had higher BWG and FI,and lower FCR,mortality,and intestinal lesions compared to the CC group(P<0.05).Birds fed PE had improved FCR(P<0.05)and livability(5.8%)in an overall period compared to the CC *** d 16,PE supplementation reduced ileal lesion scores in only male birds(P<0.05).Birds fed PE had decreased Eimeria maxima and Eimeria acervulina oocyst counts in caecal content(P<0.05).Birds fed PE had decreased Eimeria brunetti and total oocyst counts in caecal content,and *** oocyst counts in ileal content in only female birds(P<0.05).On d 35,PE supplementation reduced variation of BW in both male and female birds and increased yellowness(b*value,14.4%)in the *** findings suggest the potential of PE supplementation in diets to improve the performance and intestinal health of birds under clinical NE a

关键词： Plant extract Performance Alternative to antimicrobials Clinical necrotic enteritis Broiler chicken

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Net energy,energy utilization,and nitrogen and energy balance affected by dietary pea supplementation in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 506-511页

作者： Nishchal K.Sharma Zhibin Ban Hank L.Classen Huaming Yang Xiaogang Yan Mingan Choct Shu-biao wu School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2351Australia Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolism Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesGongzhulingJilin 136100China Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of Saskatchewan51 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N 5A8Canada Office of the Pro Vice-Chancellor External Relations University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2351Australia

Pea starch consists predominantly of C-type of amylopectin chain which is more resistant to digestive enzymes than A-type of starch thus slowly digested in *** was hypothesized that the presence of slowly digested pea starch in broiler diets will increase net energy and the efficiency of energy utilization in *** experiments were performed to investigate starch digestibility of pea at different in-cubation times(in vitro study)and the effect of dietary pea on heat increment and net energy in broilers using an open-circuit respiratory calorimetry system(in vivo study).One-day-old Ross 308 male broilers were fed a common starter crumble from d 1 to 10 and standard grower diets *** d 21,birds were transferred to the chambers each housing 2 *** treatment was replicated 6 times with 2 identical runs of 3 replicates per treatment.A wheat-soybean meal-based diet was used as a control and the treatment diet contained 500 g of pea/kg *** vitro study showed that pellet processing increased(P0.05)FCR compared to those offered the wheat-based *** energy(NE)and apparent metabolizable energy(AME)values were higher in the pea-based diet than in the wheat-based diet(P-0.037 for NE and P-0.018 for AME).Heat production,respiratory quotient,heat increment of feed,efficiency of utilization of gross energy for AME,and efficiency of utilization of AME for NE did not differ(P>0.05)between the 2 *** was no effect(P>0.05)of pea on the total tract di-gestibilities of dry matter,crude protein and ash,but the total tract digestibility of starch was higher(P-0.022)in the pea-based diet compared to the wheat-based *** study provides insight into the energy metabolism of broilers offered a pea-based diet and indicates that dieta

关键词： Slowly digested starch Pea Heat increment Net energy Broiler

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Evidence for moiréintralayer excitons in twisted WSe_(2)/WSe_(2) homobi layer superlattices

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第7期11卷 1493-1500页

作者： biao wu Haihong Zheng Shaofei Li Junnan Ding Jun He Yujia Zeng Keqiu Chen Zongwen Liu Shula Chen Anlian Pan Yanping Liu School of Physics and Electronics Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast ProcessCentral South University932 South Lushan RoadChangshaHunan 410083China State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing Central South University932 South Lushan RoadChangshaHunan 410083China Department of Applied Physics School of Physics and ElectronicsHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia The University of Sydney Nano Institute The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan UniversityChangshaHunan 410082China Shenzhen Research Institute of Central South University A510aVirtual University BuildingSouthern DistrictHigh-tech Industrial ParkYuehai StreetNanshan DistrictShenzhenChina

Recent advances in twisted van der Waals heterostructure superlattices have emerged as a powerful and attractive platform for exploring novel condensed matter physics due to the interplay between the moirépotential and Coulomb *** moirésuperlattices act as a periodic confinement potential in space to capture interlayer excitons(IXs),resulting in moiréexciton arrays,which provide opportunities for quantum emitters and many-body *** observation of moiréIXs in twisted transition-metal dichalcogenide(TMD)heterostructures has recently been widely ***,the capture and study of the moiréintralayer excitons based on TMD twisted homobilayer(T-HB)remain ***,we report the observation of moiréintralayer excitons in a WSe_(2)/WSe_(2) T-HB with a small twist angle by measuring PL *** multiple split peaks with an energy range of 1.55-1.73 eV are different from that of the monolayer WSe_(2) exciton *** split peaks were caused by the trapping of intralayer excitons via the moiré*** confinement effect of the moirépotential on the moiréintralayer excitons was further demonstrated by the changing of temperature,laser power,and valley *** findings provide a new avenue for exploring new correlated quantum phenomena and their applications.

关键词： twisted layer quantum

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Enhanced valley polarization in WSe_(2)/YIG heterostructures via interfacial magnetic exchange effect

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 10580-10586页

作者： Haihong Zheng biao wu Chang-Tian Wang Shaofei Li Jun He Zongwen Liu Jian-Tao Wang Guoqiang Yu Ji-An Duan Yanping Liu School of Physics and Electronics Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast ProcessCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of SydneyNSW 2006Australia The University of Sydney Nano Institute The University of SydneyNSW 2006Australia Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Shenzhen Research Institute of Central South University Shenzhen 518057China

Exploiting the valley degrees of freedom as information carriers provides new opportunities for the development of *** transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)with broken space-inversion symmetry exhibit emerging valley pseudospins,making them ideal platforms for studying valley ***,intervalley scattering of different energy valleys limits the achievable degree of valley ***,we constructed WSe_(2)/yttrium iron garnet(YIG)heterostructures and demonstrated that the interfacial magnetic exchange effect on the YIG magnetic substrate can enhance valley polarization by up to 63%,significantly higher than that of a monolayer WSe_(2)on SiO_(2)/Si(11%).Additionally,multiple sharp exciton peaks appear in the WSe_(2)/YIG heterostructures due to the strong magnetic proximity effect at the magnetic-substrate interface that enhances exciton emission ***,under the effect of external magnetic field,the magnetic direction of the magnetic substrate enhances valley polarization,further demonstrating that the magnetic proximity effect regulates valley *** results provide a new way to regulate valley polarization and demonstrate the promising application of magnetic heterojunctions in magneto-optoelectronics.

关键词： magnetic exchange effect valley polarization two-dimensional valleytronics magnetic substrate

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Localization-enhanced moiréexciton in twisted transition metal dichalcogenide heterotrilayer superlattices

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第6期12卷 1020-1028页

作者： Haihong Zheng biao wu Shaofei Li Junnan Ding Jun He Zongwen Liu Chang-Tian Wang Jian-Tao Wang Anlian Pan Yanping Liu School of Physics and Electronics Hunan Key Laboratory for Supermicrostructure and Ultrafast ProcessCentral South University932 South Lushan Road410083 ChangshaHunanChina State Key Laboratory of HighPerformance Complex Manufacturing Central South University932 South Lushan Road410083 ChangshaHunanChina School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia The University of Sydney Nano Institute The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences100190 BeijingChina School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences100049 BeijingChina Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory 523808 DongguanGuangdongChina Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University410082 ChangshaHunanChina Shenzhen Research Institute of Central South University 518000 ShenzhenChina

The stacking of twisted two-dimensional(2D)layered materials has led to the creation of moirésuperlattices,which have become a new platform for the study of quantum *** strong coupling of moirésuperlattices can result in flat minibands that boost electronic interactions and generate interesting strongly correlated states,including unconventional superconductivity,Mott insulating states,and moiré***,the impact of adjusting and localizing moiréexcitons in Van der Waals heterostructures has yet to be explored ***,we present experimental evidence of the localization-enhanced moiréexcitons in the twisted WSe_(2)/WS_(2)/WSe_(2)heterotrilayer with type-II band *** low temperatures,we observed multiple excitons splitting in the twisted WSe_(2)/WS_(2)/WSe_(2)heterotrilayer,which is manifested as multiple sharp emission lines,in stark contrast to the moiréexcitonic behavior of the twisted WSe_(2)/WS_(2)heterobilayer(which has a linewidth 4 times wider).This is due to the enhancement of the two moirépotentials in the twisted heterotrilayer,enabling highly localized moiréexcitons at the *** confinement effect of moirépotential on moiréexcitons is further demonstrated by changes in temperature,laser power,and valley *** findings offer a new approach for localizing moiréexcitons in twist-angle heterostructures,which has the potential for the development of coherent quantum light emitters.

关键词： twisted layer quantum

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