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Vector-mode multiplexing brings an additional approach for capacity growth in optical fibers

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 1031-1033页

作者： Alan E willner Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089-2565USA

The paper‘Direct fiber vector eigenmode multiplexing transmission seeded by integrated optical vortex emitters’by J Liu1 has successfully demonstrated that different data-carrying vector modes can be used to increase capacity through data-carrying,full-vectorial fiber eigenmode multiplexing communications in circular optical *** work uses compact,integrated optics to achieve capacity scaling by directly exploiting orthogonal spatial vector eigenmodes.

关键词： optical fiber multiplexing

Integrated nano-structured silicon waveguides and devices for high-speed optical communications

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Chinese Optics Letters 2010年第9期8卷 909-917页

作者： Alan E. willner 张林岳洋武晓霞 Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

With progress in fabrication technology, integrated photonics plays an increasingly important role in high-speed optical communications, from monolithic transmitters and receivers for advanced optical modulation formats to on-chip subsystems for optical signal processing. We review our recent work on the highly tailorable physical properties of silicon waveguides for communication and signal processing applications, using slot structures. Controllable chromatic dispersion, nonlinearity, and polarization properties of the waveguides are presented, and the enabled wideband wavelength conversion, optical tunable delay, and signal processing of polarization-multiplexing data channels are discussed.

关键词： mode Integrated nano-structured silicon waveguides and devices for high-speed optical communications high

Orbital-angular-momentum-based reconfigurable optical switching and routing

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Photonics Research 2016年第5期4卷 5-8页

作者： Alan E.willner Long Li Guodong Xie Yongxiong Ren Hao Huang Yang Yue Nisar Ahmed Moshe J.willner Asher J.willner Yan Yan Zhe Zhao Zhe Wang Cong Liu Moshe Tur Solyman Ashrafi Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University NxGen Partners

Orbital angular momentum(OAM) has gained interest due to its potential to increase capacity in optical communication systems as well as an additional domain for reconfigurable networks. This is due to the following:(i) coaxially propagated OAM beams with different charges are mutually orthogonal,(ii) OAM beams can be efficiently multiplexed and demultiplexed, and(iii) OAM charges can be efficiently manipulated. Therefore, multiple data-carrying OAM beams could have the potential capability for reconfigurable optical switching and routing. In this paper, we discuss work involving reconfigurable OAM-based optical add/drop multiplexing, space switching,polarization switching, channel hopping, and multicasting.

关键词： OAM Orbital-angular-momentum-based reconfigurable optical switching and routing ROADM

Multicolor Circularly Polarized Luminescence of a Single-Component System Revealing Multiple Information Encryption

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 518-527页

作者： Ying Hu Zizhao Huang Itamar willner Xiang Ma Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237 Institute of Chemistry The Center for Nanoscience and NanotechnologyThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem 91904

Metal-free materials with multicolor tunable circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)are attractive because of their potential applications in information storage and ***,we designed two enantiomers composed of chiral dialkyl glutamides and achiral vibration-induced emission(VIE)moiety,which can switch on CPL after a simple gelation *** is noteworthy that the CPL colors vary in different solvents,and this is attributed to various self-assembly-induced microstructures,in which the VIE moiety is restrained to different ***,a multidimensional code system composed of a quick response code,a ultraviolet(UV)light-activated color code,and a CPL information figure was *** our satisfaction,the system possesses multiple information-storage *** orthogonal anticounterfeiting and CPLenhanced encryption functions also improve the system information encryption *** brief,this study provides a practical example of CPL applied to information security and an effective approach to obtain a single-component color-tunable CPL material with multiple information storage and encryption functions as well.

关键词： circularly polarized luminescence information storage and encryption multicolor tunable single component vibration-induced emission

Natural End Member Samples of Pyrope and Grossular:A Cathodoluminescence-Microscopy and-Spectra Case Study

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第5期29卷 989-1004页

作者： Hans-Peter Schertl Joana Polednia Rolf D.Neuser Arne P.willner Ruhr-University Bochum Institute of GeologyMineralogy and GeophysicsD-44780 BochumGermany College of Earth Science&Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Bayerisches Geoinstitut Universitat BayreuthD-95440 BayreuthGermany

Garnet is one of the most significant minerals in metamorphic rocks, that provides key information on prograde, peak-metamorphic and retrograde parts of the pressure-temperature （PT） path. Such results require a detailed knowledge of its different growth domains. For iron-poor compositions, the cathodoluminescence （CL） microscopy is an important and often overlooked method and allows to identify the internal structures of all garnet grains in one thin section within only a few seconds. The advantage of the CL-microscope is to deliver low magnification images in true color, not only of garnet but also, for instance, of other rock forming silicates, carbonates, sulfates, etc., of metamorphic, but also of sedimentary and magmatic origin, using polished thin sections. Internal structures of grossular from Mexico and pyrope from the Italian Alps were characterized and visualized by CL-microscopy. The different growth domains were additionally studied using CL-spectra and electron microprobe （EMP） analysis. Grossular shows a patchy zonation in its core while in mantle and rim zones oscillatory zoning is observed. It contains zones of anomalous birefringence, zones of orange and bluish luminescence and zones lacking luminescence. Different but low amounts of the activator elements Mn2＋ and Eu2＋ are responsible for the orange and bluish luminescent domains. Pyrope is also characterized by oscillatory growth zones, shows a dull luminescent core with a change of crystal morphology during growth, and displays an increase of brightness from core towards rim--the outermost rim, however, is lacking luminescence. The different luminescent zones are characterized by different amounts of Dy3＋, Tb3＋, Sm3＋ and Sm2＋ as activator elements. Because of slow diffusion rates of activators such as the REEs Sm, Dy and Tb, it can be still possible to visualize possible prograde and/or peak pressure stage growth domains of garnet, even if later high temperature events may have homogenized the m

关键词： pyrope grossular cathodoluminescence (CL) oscillatory zoning REE CL-spectra.

Quantifying Information via Shannon Entropy in Spatially Structured Optical Beams

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 780-788页

作者： Maria Solyanik-Gorgone Jiachi Ye Mario Miscuglio Andrei Afanasev Alan E.willner Volker J.Sorger Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Physics The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Electrical Engineering at University of Southern California Los AngelesCalifornia 90089USA

While information is ubiquitously generated,shared,and analyzed in a modern-day life,there is still some controversy around the ways to assess the amount and quality of information inside a noisy optical channel.A number of theoretical approaches based on,e.g.,conditional Shannon entropy and Fisher information have been developed,along with some experimental *** of these approaches are limited to a certain alphabet,while others tend to fall short when considering optical beams with a nontrivial structure,such as Hermite-Gauss,Laguerre-Gauss,and other modes with a nontrivial ***,we propose a new definition of the classical Shannon information via the Wigner distribution function,while respecting the Heisenberg *** this definition,we calculate the amount of information in Gaussian,Hermite-Gaussian,and LaguerreGaussian laser modes in juxtaposition and experimentally validate it by reconstruction of the Wigner distribution function from the intensity distribution of structured laser *** experimentally demonstrate the technique that allows to infer field structure of the laser beams in singular optics to assess the amount of contained *** the generality,this approach of defining information via analyzing the beam complexity is applicable to laser modes of any topology that can be described by well-behaved *** Shannon information,defined in this way,is detached from a particular alphabet,i.e.,communication scheme,and scales with the structural complexity of the *** a synergy between the Wigner distribution function encompassing the information in both real and reciprocal space and information being a measure of disorder can contribute into future coherent detection algorithms and remote sensing.

关键词： distribution Spatial complexity

Timanide(Ediacaran–Early Cambrian) Metamorphism at the Transition from Eclogite to Amphibolite Facies in the Beloretsk Complex,SW-Urals,Russia

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第6期30卷 1144-1165页

作者： Arne P.willner Michael Gopon Johannes Glodny Victor N.Puchkov Hans-Peter Schertl Institute of Geology Mineralogy and GeophysicsRuhr-University BochumD-44780 BochumGermany College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Deutsches Geoforschungszentrum GFZ、Telegrafenberg 14473 Potsdam、Germany Institute of Geology and Geochemistry Uralian Branch of Russian Academy of Science、620016 EkaterinburgRussia

The Beloretsk Metamorphic Complex in the SW Urals formed at a convergent eastern margin of Baltica during the Neoproterozoic–Early Cambrian Timanide *** comprises three major units with lenses of facies-critical metabasites within metasedimentary rocks:A lowermost eclogite unit,an intermediate garnet amphibolite unit and an upper amphibolite-greenschist ***(P)-temperature(T)-paths of four rocks from the two lowermost units were determined mainly by PT pseudosection techniques showing similar clockwise loops at different peak metamorphic,watersaturated conditions:A phengite-bearing eclogite shows peak PT conditions of 16.5–18.5 kbar/525–550℃(stage I)followed by stage II at 11.5–13.0 kbar/585–615℃.A garnet amphibolite from the intermediate unit yields lower peak conditions of 11.7–14.5 kbar/480–510℃(stage I)followed by stage II at 9.5–11.0 kbar/535–560℃.However,a granite gneiss in the eclogite unit shows similar maximum pressures as the eclogite,but higher temperatures at 15.6–16.2 kbar/660–675℃,whereas a garnet micaschist contains comparable high pressure relicts,but underwent an advanced midcrustal reequilibration at 7.5–9.0 kbar/555–610℃.We dated the eclogite by a 7-point Rb/Sr mineral isochron(phengite,omphacite,apatite)at 532.2±9.1 Ma interpreted as age of crystallisation of the eclogitic peak PT *** age is the youngest compared to the known Timanide metamorphic and magmatic ages.

关键词： Urals eclogite high pressure metamorphism Timanide orogeny Rb-Sr dating PT pseudosections PT-path

Integrated sensing and communication in an optical fibre

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第5期12卷 729-742页

作者： Haijun He Lin Jiang Yan Pan Anlin Yi Xihua Zou Wei Pan Alan E.willner Xinyu Fan Zuyuan He Lianshan Yan Center for Information Photonics&Communications School of Information Science and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong University611756 ChengduSichuanChina Peng Cheng Laboratory 518052 ShenzhenChina Optical Fiber Communications Laboratory University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Shanghai Jiao Tong University200240 ShanghaiChina

The integration of high-speed optical communication and distributed sensing could bring intelligent functionalities to ubiquitous optical fibre networks,such as urban structure imaging,ocean seismic detection,and safety monitoring of underground embedded *** work demonstrates a scheme of integrated sensing and communication in an optical fibre(ISAC-OF)using the same wavelength channel for simultaneous data transmission and distributed vibration *** scheme not only extends the intelligent functionality for optical fibre communication system,but also improves its transmission performance.A periodic linear frequency modulation(LFM)light is generated to act as the optical carrier and sensing probe in PAM4 signal transmission and phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry(Φ-OTDR),*** a 24.5 km fibre transmission,the forward PAM4 signal and the carriercorrespondence Rayleigh backscattering signal are detected and *** results show that the integrated solution achieves better transmission performance(~1.3 dB improvement)and a larger launching power(7 dB enhancement)at a 56 Gbit/s bit rate compared to a conventional PAM4 signal ***,a 4m spatial resolution,4.32-nε/√Hz strain resolution,and over 21 kHz frequency response for the vibration sensing are *** proposed solution offers a new path to further explore the potential of existing or future fibre-optic networks by the convergence of data transmission and status *** addition,such a scheme of using shared spectrum in communication and distributed optical fibre sensing may be used to measure non-linear parameters in coherent optical communications,offering possible benefits for data transmission.

关键词： communication optical fibre

Efficiently adding mode multiplexing for cost-effective,high-capacity fiber links

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 8-9页

作者： Alan E.willner Huibin Zhou University of Southern California Los AngelesCaliforniaUnited States

For decades,a powerful approach to adding data capacity in an optical communication link has been to multiplex independent data-carrying channels and transmit them simultaneously along a fiber.^(1)For example,wavelength-division-multiplexing(WDM)was a key technology in the 1990s and early 2000s to dramatically increase aggregate capacity in a fiber by multiplexing beams of different wavelengths.^(2)For the past roughly 15 years,there has been great promise that space-division-multiplexing(SDM)may bring similar capacity enhancements to optical fiber communications.^(1–3)

关键词： fiber multiplexing adding