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The 2024 Compendium of Physical Activities and its expansion

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 1-2,F0003页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann Erik A.willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

First developed 30 years ago,the Compendium of Physical Activities(Compendium)was created to provide a standardized way of measuring and classifying specific physical activities(PAs),allowing researchers and health professionals to assess the energy expenditure and health benefits associated with different PA.1Since its inception,the Compendium has been widely utilized and recognized as a fundamental PA and health resource.

关键词： has utilized classify

2024 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities:An update of activity codes and energy expenditure values

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 18-23页

作者： Scott A.Conger Stephen D.Herrmann Erik A.willis Tom E.Nightingale Joseph R.Sherman Barbara E.Ainsworth Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham AL B152TTUK Centre for Trauma Sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham AL B152TTUK College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Purpose:This paper presents an update of the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities designed for wheelchair users and is referred to as the 2024 Wheelchair *** Wheelchair Compendium aims to curate existing knowledge of the energy expenditure for wheelchair physical activities(PAs).Methods:A systematic review of the published energy expenditure of PA for wheelchair users was completed between 2011 and May *** added these data to the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium data that was compiled previously in a systematic review through ***:A total of 47 studies were included,and 124 different wheelchair PA reported energy expenditure values ranging from 0.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(filing papers,light effort)to 11.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(Nordic sit skiing).Conclusion:In introducing the updated 2024 Wheelchair Compendium,we hope to bridge the resource gap and challenge the prevailing narratives that inadvertently exclude wheelchair users from physical fitness and health PAs.

关键词： Disability Exercise MET Mobility

Promoting public health through the 2024 Compendium of Physical Activities:Strategies for adults,older adults,and wheelchair users

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 739-742页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann Scott A.Conger Erik A.willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Prevention Research Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Physical activity(PA)is fundamentally linked to public health,^(1)providing benefits including chronic disease prevention and treatment,^(2)mental health,^(3)musculoskeletal health,^(4)and healthy aging,^(5)along with socioeconomic advantages.^(6)These benefits highlight the importance of promoting PA for all *** recent publication of the Compendium of Physical Activities(Compendium)serves as a valuable resource,^(7)offering an updated and expanded guide for adults(ages 19-59)with tailored energy cost values for diverse populations.

关键词： Activities prevention offering

Older Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:Energy costs of human activities in adults aged 60 and older

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： Erik A.willis Stephen D.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht Tiago V.Barreira John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan Scott A.Conger Wendy J.Brown Barbara E.Ainsworth Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Science Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of Exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To describe the development of a Compendium for estimating the energy costs of activities in adults>60 years(OA Compendium).Methods:Physical activities(PAs)and their metabolic equivalent of task(MET)values were obtained from a systematic search of studies published in 4 sport and exercise databases(PubMed,Embase,SPORTDiscus(EBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a review of articles included in the 2011 Adult Compendium that measured PA in older *** values were computed as the oxygen cost(VO_(2),mL/kg/min)during PA divided by 2.7 m L/kg/min(MET_(60+))to account for the lower resting metabolic rate in older ***:We identified 68 articles and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 *** these,we derived 99 unique Specific Activity codes with corresponding MET_(60+)values for older *** developed a website to present the OA Compendium MET_(60+)values:https://***:The OA Compendium uses data collected from adults>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in older *** is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find MET_(60+)values for older adults for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： Energy expenditure Exercise MET Older adults

2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:A third update of the energy costs of human activities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann Erik A.willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghui Cai Minghui Quan Catrine Tudor-Locke Melicia C.Whitt-Glover David R. Jacobs Jr. Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Clinical Sciences Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of Exercise and Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA College of Health and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA Division of Epidemiology and Community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background:The Compendium of Physical Activities was published in 1993 to improve the comparability of energy expenditure values assigned to self-reported physical activity(PA)across *** original version was updated in 2000,and again in 2011,and has been widely used to support PA research,practice,and public health ***:This 2024 update was tailored for adults 19-59 years of age by removing data from those≥60 *** a systematic review and supplementary searches,we identified new activities and their associated measured metabolic equivalent(MET)values(using indirect calorimetry)published since *** replaced estimated METs with measured values when ***:We screened 32,173 abstracts and 1507 full-text papers and extracted 2356 PA energy expenditure values from 701 *** added303 new PAs and adjusted 176 existing MET values and descriptions to reflect the addition of new data and removal of METs for older *** added a Major Heading(Video Games).The 2024 Adult Compendium includes 1114 PAs(912 with measured and 202 with estimated values)across 22 Major ***:This comprehensive update and refinement led to the creation of The 2024 Adult Compendium,which has utility across research,public health,education,and healthcare domains,as well as in the development of consumer health *** new website with the complete lists of PAs and supporting resources is available at https://***.

关键词： Adults Energy expenditure Exercise MET Physical Activities

Strain gradient plasticity: energetic or dissipative?

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2015年第4期31卷 465-472页

作者： N.A.Fleck J.R.willis Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge

Abstract For an infinite slab of strain gradient sensitive material subjected to plane-strain tensile loading, compu- tation established and analysis confirmed that passivation of the lateral boundaries at some stage of loading inhibits plastic deformation upon further loading. This result is not surprising in itself except that, remarkably, if the gradient terms contribute to the dissipation, the plastic deformation is switched off completely and only resumes at a clearly defined higher load, corresponding to a total strain ec, say. The analysis presented in this paper confirms the delay of plastic deformation following passivation and determines the exact manner in which the plastic flow resumes. The plastic strain rate is continuous at the exact point ec of resumption of plastic flow and, for the first small increment Ae = e - ec in the imposed total strain, the corresponding increment in plastic strain, AeP, is proportional to （Ae）2. The constant A in the relation AeP（0） = A（Ae）2, where AeP（0） denotes the plastic strain increment at the centre of the slab, has been determined explicitly; it depends on the hardening modulus of the material. The presence of energetic gradient terms has no effect on the value of ec unless the dissipative terms are absent, in which case passivation reduces the rate of plastic deformation but introduces no delay. This qualitative effect of dissipative gradient terms opens the possibility of experimen- tal discrimination of their presence or absence. The analysisemploys an incremental variational formulation that is likely to find use in other problems.

关键词： Strain gradient plasticity Boundary passivation Incremental variational principle

Focal seizure associated with human parvovirus B19 infection in a non-encephalopathic child

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世界儿科杂志:英文版 2016年第1期12卷 118-120页

作者： Debopam Samanta Erin willis Division of Child Neurology University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA

Background:The incidence of acute symptomatic(at the time of documented brain insult)seizures and single unprovoked seizures are 29-39 and 23-61 per 100000 per year,*** stabilization of the patient,fi nding the etiology of the seizure is of paramount importance.A careful history and physical examination may allow a diagnosis without need for further ***:In the literature,severe central nervous system involvement has been reported from human parvovirus B19 *** reported a previously healthy 7-year-old girl who presented after an episode of focal *** was afebrile and didn't have any focal neurological *** had erythematous malar rash along with reticulating pattern of rash over her both upper ***:Parvovirus infection was suspected due to the characteristic erythematous malar *** human parvovirus B19 DNA polymerase chain reaction was positive which was consistent with acute parvovirus *** confirmation of current infection was done with Sandwich enzyme immunoassays showing positive anti-B19 IgM Index(>1.1).IgG index was equivocal(0.9-1.1).Conclusions:We report an extremely rare presentation of non-febrile seizure from acute parvovirus infection in a child without encephalopathy who had an excellent *** diagnosis can provide counselling regarding future seizure recurrence risk,curtail expenditure from expensive diagnostic work up and provide additional recommendations about potential risks to a pregnant caregiver.

关键词： erythema infectiosum human parvovirus B19 nonfebrile seizure

Stereoselective Functionalization at C-2 and C-3 of the Gibberellin via an Intramolecular Free Radical Cyclization Approach

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第5期12卷 397-398页

作者： An Qi CHEN Christine L.willis Department of Chemistry Xiamen UniversityXiamen3610052School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUK BS81TS

Stereoselective functionalization at C-2 and C-3 of the gibberellin skeleton was achieved via an intramolecular free radical cyclization approach using a tethered C-19 halomethyl ester as the radical precursor.

关键词： Gibberellin lactonization free radical cyclization.

Unexpected Stereospecific Rearrangement-Addition Reaction of Trisubstituted Gibberellin Epoxides with Trimethylaluminium

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第10期12卷 855-858页

作者： An Qi CHEN Christine L.willis Department of Chemistry Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005 School of Chemistry University of BristolBristolUK BS8 1TS

A novel rearrangement-addition reaction of trisubstituted gibberellin epoxides with trimethylaluminium is reported. The reaction proceeds stereospecifically to give tertiary methyl alcohols. The possible mechanism for... 详细信息

关键词： gibberellin epoxide trimethylaluminium rearrangement-addition reaction