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FNNWV: farthest-nearest neighbor-based weighted voting for class-imbalanced crowdsourcing

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 172-188页

作者： wenjun zhang Liangxiao JIANG Ziqi CHEN Chaoqun LI School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Ministry of Education School of Mathematics and Physics China University of Geosciences

In crowdsourcing scenarios, we can hire crowd workers to label crowdsourced tasks and then use label integration algorithms to infer the integrated label for each instance in the tasks. As more and more label integration algorithms are proposed, the performance of inference based only on the information of the inferred instance gradually converges. Recent algorithms attempt to exploit the information of the inferred instance's nearest neighbors to infer and achieve good performance. However, when crowdsourced tasks are class-imbalanced, negative instances are more easily to occur in the nearest neighbors because negative instances are the majority, and thus recent algorithms are more easily biased toward the negative class. To this end, in this paper, we propose a novel label integration algorithm called farthest-nearest neighbor-based weighted voting(FNNWV) for class-imbalanced crowdsourcing. Specifically, FNNWV considers the nearest neighbors to be more similar to the inferred instance and thus uses them to vote ayes in weighted voting. Yet at the same time, FNNWV considers the farthest neighbors to be more different from the inferred instance and thus uses them to vote nays in weighted voting. Since negative instances are easier to occur in both the nearest neighbors and the farthest neighbors, FNNWV weakens the effect of negative instances by voting ayes and nays. The experimental results on 22 simulated and one real-world crowdsourced datasets show that FNNWV significantly outperforms all the other state-of-the-art competitors.

关键词： crowdsourcing label integration nearest neighbor farthest neighbor weighted voting

Different ENSO Impacts on Eastern China Precipitation Patterns in Early and Late Winter Associated with Seasonally-Varying Kuroshio Anticyclonic Anomalies

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1691-1703页

作者： Jingrui YAN wenjun zhang Suqiong HU Feng JIANG Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Winter precipitation over eastern China displays remarkable interannual variability,which has been suggested to be closely related to El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).This study finds that ENSO impacts on eastern China precipitation patterns exhibit obvious differences in early(November-December)and late(January-February)*** early winter,precipitation anomalies associated with ENSO are characterized by a monopole spatial distribution over eastern *** contrast,the precipitation anomaly pattern in late winter remarkably changes,manifesting as a dipole spatial *** noteworthy change in precipitation responses from early to late winter can be largely attributed to the seasonally varying Kuroshio anticyclonic *** the early winter of El Niño years,anticyclonic circulation anomalies appear both over the Philippine Sea and Kuroshio region,enhancing water vapor transport to the entirety of eastern China,thus contributing to more precipitation *** the late winter of El Niño years,the anticyclone over the Philippine Sea is further strengthened,while the one over the Kuroshio dissipates,which could result in differing water vapor transport between northern and southern parts of eastern China and thus a dipole precipitation *** the opposite anomalies of circulation and precipitation are displayed during La Niña *** analysis suggests that the seasonally-varying Kuroshio anticyclonic anomalies are possibly related to the enhancement of ENSO-related tropical central-eastern Pacific convection from early to late *** results have important implications for the seasonal-tointerannual predictability of winter precipitation over eastern China.

关键词： precipitation eastern China ENSO early winter late winter Kuroshio anticyclone

Synergistic Impacts of Indian Ocean SST and Indo-China Peninsula Soil Moisture on the 2020 Record-breaking Mei-yu

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1735-1750页

作者： Yinshuo DONG Haishan CHEN Xuan DONG Wenjian HUA wenjun zhang Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Bureau of Hydrology ChangJiang Water Resources CommissionWuhan 430010China

The Yangtze River basin(YRB)experienced a record-breaking mei-yu season in June‒July *** unique long-lasting extreme event and its origin have attracted considerable *** studies have suggested that the Indian Ocean(IO)SST forcing and soil moisture anomaly over the Indochina Peninsula(ICP)were responsible for this unexpected ***,the relative contributions of IO SST and ICP soil moisture to the 2020 mei-yu rainfall event,especially their linkage with atmospheric circulation changes,remain *** using observations and numerical simulations,this study examines the synergistic impacts of IO SST and ICP soil moisture on the extreme mei-yu in *** show that the prolonged dry soil moisture led to a warmer surface over the ICP in May under strong IO SST *** intensification of the warm condition further magnified the land thermal effects,which in turn facilitated the westward extension of the western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH)in June‒*** intensified WNPSH amplified the water vapor convergence and ascending motion over the YRB,thereby contributing to the 2020 *** contrast,the land thermal anomalies diminish during normal IO SST backgrounds due to the limited persistence of soil *** roles of IO SST and ICP soil moisture are verified and quantified using the Community Earth System *** synergistic impacts yield a notable 32%increase in YRB *** findings provide evidence for the combined influences of IO SST forcing and ICP soil moisture variability on the occurrence of the 2020 super mei-yu.

关键词： super mei-yu Indian Ocean SST soil moisture Indochina Peninsula

Dilute Aqueous-Aprotic Electrolyte Towards Robust Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor with High Operation Voltage and Long Lifespan

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 1-12页

作者： Shuilin Wu Yibing Yang Mingzi Sun Tian zhang Shaozhuan Huang Daohong zhang Bolong Huang Pengfei Wang wenjun zhang Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education&Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science South-Central Minzu UniversityWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Center of Super‑Diamond and Advanced FilmsCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon TongHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China

With the merits of the high energy density of batteries and power density of supercapacitors,the aqueous Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors emerge as a promising candidate for applications where both rapid energy delivery and moderate energy storage are ***,the narrow electrochemical window of aqueous electrolytes induces severe side reactions on the Zn metal anode and shortens its *** also limits the operation voltage and energy density of the Zn-ion hybrid ***'water in salt'electrolytes can effectively broaden their electrochemical windows,but this is at the expense of high cost,low ionic conductivity,and narrow temperature compatibility,compromising the electrochemical performance of the Zn-ion hybrid ***,designing a new electrolyte to balance these factors towards high-performance Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors is urgent and *** developed a dilute water/acetonitrile electrolyte(0.5 m Zn(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2)+1 m LiTFSI-H_(2)O/AN)for Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors,which simultaneously exhibited expanded electrochemical window,decent ionic conductivity,and broad temperature *** this electrolyte,the hydration shells and hydrogen bonds are significantly modulated by the acetonitrile and *** a result,a Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitor with such an electrolyte demonstrates a high operating voltage up to 2.2 V and long lifespan beyond 120,000 cycles.

关键词： Zn-ion supercapacitors Zn metal anode Electrolyte engineering Hydrogen bonds Solvation structures

Transient synthesis of carbon-supported high-entropy alloy sulfide nanoparticles via flash Joule heating for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3379-3389页

作者： Yuntian Liao Rongtao Zhu wenjun zhang Haiyang Zhu Yang Sun Jiale Chen Zhenhua Dong Ronghuan Lv School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

High entropy alloys(HEA)are frequently employed as catalysts in electrocatalytic hydrogen ***,the traditional high entropy alloy synthesis methods are time-consuming,energy-intensive,and environmentally polluting,which limits their application in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).This study leveraged the capabilities of flash Joule heating(FJH)to synthesize carbon-supported high-entropy alloy sulfide nanoparticles(CC-S-HEA)on carbon cloth(CC)with good self-standing properties within 300 *** carbon thermal shock generated by the Joule heating could pyrolyze the sulfur source into gas,resulting in numerous pore structures and defects on CC,forming an S-doped carbon substrate(CC-S).Then the S atoms were used to stably anchor the metal atoms on CC-S to form high-density uniformly dispersed HEA *** electrochemical test results demonstrated that CC-S-HEA prepared at 60 V flash voltage had HER performance comparable to Pt/*** density functional theory(DFT)calculation indicated that the S atoms on CC-S accelerated the electron transfer between the carbon substrate and HEA ***,the unique electronic structure of CC-S-HEA was beneficial to H*adsorption and promoted catalytic *** simplicity and versatility of FJH synthesis are of great significance for optimizing the synthesis of HEA and improving the quality of HEA products,which provides a broad application prospect for the synthesis of nanocatalysts with efficient HER performance.

关键词： high entropy alloy flash Joule heating carbon thermal shock hydrogen evolution reaction density functional theory

Response of ecosystem carbon storage to land use change from 1985 to 2050 in the Ningxia Section of Yellow River Basin,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第1期16卷 110-130页

作者： LIN Yanmin HU Zhirui LI Wenhui CHEN Haonan WANG Fang NAN Xiongxiong YANG Xuelong zhang wenjun College of Geographical Sciences and Planning Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China China-Arab Joint International Research Laboratory for Featured Resources and Environmental Governance in Arid Region Yinchuan 750021China Ningxia Land Resources Surveying and Monitoring Institute Yinchuan 750002China State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources Yinchuan 750002China Ningxia Lingwu Baijitan National Nature Reserve Administration Yinchuan 751400China

Regional sustainable development necessitates a holistic understanding of spatiotemporal variations in ecosystem carbon storage(ECS),particularly in ecologically sensitive areas with arid and semi-arid *** this study,we calculated the ECS in the Ningxia Section of Yellow River Basin,China from 1985 to 2020 using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model based on land use *** further predicted the spatial distribution of ECS in 2050 under four land use scenarios:natural development scenario(NDS),ecological protection scenario(EPS),cultivated land protection scenario(CPS),and urban development scenario(UDS)using the patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model,and quantified the influences of natural and human factors on the spatial differentiation of ECS using the geographical detector(Geodetector).Results showed that the total ECS of the study area initially increased from 1985 until reaching a peak at 402.36×10^(6) t in 2010,followed by a decreasing trend to *** spatial distribution of ECS was characterized by high values in the eastern and southern parts of the study area,and low values in the western and northern *** 1985 and 2020,land use changes occurred mainly through the expansion of cultivated land,woodland,and construction land at the expense of unused *** total ECS in 2050 under different land use scenarios(ranked as EPS>CPS>NDS>UDS)would be lower than that in *** light was the largest contributor to the spatial differentiation of ECS,with soil type and annual mean temperature being the major natural driving *** of this study could provide guidance on the ecological construction and high-quality development in arid and semi-arid areas.

关键词： carbon storage land use change nighttime light Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model geographical detector(Geodetector) Yellow River Basin

Acceptor-planarized typeⅠphotosensitizer for lipid droplet-targeted two-photon photodynamic therapy by ferroptosis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2392-2402页

作者： Jie Sha Weimin Liu Jiasheng Wu Yanping Wang Xuewei Li Haohui Ren Zhi Pang wenjun zhang Chun-Sing Lee Pengfei Wang Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and DevicesTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films&Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Two-photon photodynamic therapy(TP-PDT)has garnered significant attention because of its excellent depth of tissue penetration and high spatiotemporal ***,the limited targeting ability and oxygen dependency of photosensitizers(PSs)significantly hinder the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in hypoxic tumor ***,we designed and synthesized two lipid droplet(LD)-targeted two-photon PSs(TBPCP and TBCP)by reducing benzene rings to achieve“acceptor planarization”.Notably,acceptor planarization not only enhanced the intramolecular charge transfer but also transferred the photochemical reaction from typeⅡ(TBPCP)to typeⅠ(TBCP).Under the irradiation of 940 nm femtosecond pulsed laser,TBPCP and TBCP showed bright two-photon-excited fluorescence and excellent LD targeting in living *** TBPCP(typeⅡPS),the outstanding TP-PDT efficacy of TBCP(typeⅠPS)under hypoxic conditions could be obtained in both cellular experiments and multicellular tumor spheroids(MCTS)***,both TBPCP and TBCP could induce the lipid peroxidation in the typeⅠor typeⅡPDT due to the location of LD,depleting GSH and inactivating GPX4 to induce nonprogrammed ferroptosis in cells.

关键词： two-photon photodynamic therapy lipid droplet targeting acceptor planarization hypoxia tumor ferroptosis

Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Modules Enabled by Solid-Liquid Two-Step Film Formation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 571-582页

作者： Juan zhang Xiaofei Ji Xiaoting Wang Liujiang zhang Leyu Bi Zhenhuang Su Xingyu Gao wenjun zhang Lei Shi Guoqing Guan Abuliti Abudula Xiaogang Hao Liyou Yang Qiang Fu Alex K.‑Y.Jen Linfeng Lu Graduate School of Science and Technology Hirosaki University3‑BunkyochoHirosaki 036‑8561Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of ChemistryHong Kong Institute for Clean EnergyCity University of Hong Kong KowloonHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China The Interdisciplinary Research Center Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210People’s Republic of China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF) Zhangjiang LabShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201204People’s Republic of China JINNENG Clean Energy Technology Ltd. Jinzhong 030300ShanxiPeople’s Republic of China Hangzhou Zhongneng Photoelectricity Technology Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024People’s Republic of China Institute of Regional Innovation Hirosaki University3‑BunkyochoHirosaki 036‑8561Japan

A considerable efficiency gap exists between large-area perovskite solar modules and small-area perovskite solar *** control of forming uniform and large-area film and perovskite crystallization is still the main obstacle restricting the efficiency of *** this work,we adopted a solid-liquid two-step film formation technique,which involved the evaporation of a lead iodide film and blade coating of an organic ammonium halide solution to prepare perovskite *** method possesses the advantages of integrating vapor deposition and solution methods,which could apply to substrates with different roughness and avoid using toxic solvents to achieve a more uniform,large-area perovskite ***,modification of the NiO_(x)/perovskite buried interface and introduction of Urea additives were utilized to reduce interface recombination and regulate perovskite *** a result,a large-area perovskite film possessing larger grains,fewer pinholes,and reduced defects could be *** inverted PSM with an active area of 61.56 cm^(2)(10×10 cm^(2)substrate)achieved a champion power conversion efficiency of 20.56%and significantly improved *** method suggests an innovative approach to resolving the uniformity issue associated with large-area film fabrication.

关键词： Inverted perovskite solar cells Perovskite solar modules Two-step film formation Crystallization Defect passivation

Single-shot non-line-of-sight imaging based on chromato-axial differential correlography

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 106-114页

作者： LINGFENG LIU SHUO ZHU wenjun zhang LIANFA BAI ENLAI GUO JING HAN Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging and Intelligent Sense Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Non-line-of-sight(NLOS)imaging is a challenging task aimed at reconstructing objects outside the direct view of the ***,traditional NLOS imaging methods typically rely on intricate and costly equipment to scan and sample the hidden *** methods often suffer from restricted imaging resolution and require high system ***,we propose a single-shot high-resolution NLOS imaging method via chromato-axial differential correlography,which adopts low-cost continuous-wave lasers and a conventional *** leveraging the uncorrelated laser speckle patterns along the chromato-axis,this method can reconstruct hidden objects of diverse complexity using only one exposure *** achieved background stability through singleshot acquisition,along with the inherent information redundancy in the chromato-axial differential speckles,enhances the robustness of the system against vibration and colored stain *** approach overcomes the limitations of conventional methods by simplifying the sampling process,improving system stability,and achieving enhanced imaging resolution using available *** work serves as a valuable reference for the real-time development and practical implementation of NLOS imaging.

关键词： axial speckle overcome