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Genetically modified pigs:Emerging animal models for hereditary hearing loss

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 284-291页

作者： Xiao Wang Tian-Xia Liu Ying Zhang Liang-wei Xu Shuo-long Yuan A-long Cui wei-wei Guo Yan-Fang Wang Shi-Ming Yang Jian-Guo Zhao State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Savaid Medical School University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Institute of OtolaryngologyChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230022China State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding Institute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China

Hereditary hearing loss(HHL),a genetic disorder that impairs auditory function,significantly affects quality of life and incurs substantial economic losses for *** investigate the underlying causes of HHL and evaluate therapeutic outcomes,appropriate animal models are *** have been extensively used as valuable large animal models in biomedical *** this review,we highlight the advantages of pig models in terms of ear anatomy,inner ear morphology,and electrophysiological characteristics,as well as recent advancements in the development of distinct genetically modified porcine models of hearing ***,we discuss the prospects,challenges,and recommendations regarding the use pig models in HHL ***,this review provides insights and perspectives for future studies on HHL using porcine models.

关键词： Pigs Animal models Hereditary hearing loss Genetic modification Inner ear

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Rainfall over Different Terrain Features in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin during the Warm Seasons of 2016–20

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 915-936页

作者： Qian wei Jianhua SUN Shenming fu Yuanchun ZHANG Xiaofang WANG Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms(LACS) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences(IAP/CAS)Beijing 100029China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029China International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Hubei Key Laboratory for Heavy Rian Monitoring and Warning Research Institute of Heavy RainChina Meteorological Administration(CMA)Wuhan 430205China

Based on hourly rain gauge data during May–September of 2016–20,we analyze the spatiotemporal distributions of total rainfall(TR)and short-duration heavy rainfall(SDHR;hourly rainfall≥20 mm)and their diurnal variations over the middle reaches of the Yangtze River *** all three types of terrain(i.e.,mountain,foothill,and plain),the amount of TR and SDHR both maximize in June/July,and the contribution of SDHR to TR(CST)peaks in August(amount:23%;frequency:1.74%).Foothill rainfall is characterized by a high TR amount and a high CST(in amount);mountain rainfall is characterized by a high TR frequency but a small CST(in amount);and plain rainfall shows a low TR amount and frequency,but a high CST(in amount).Overall,stations with high TR(amount and frequency)are mainly located over the mountains and in the foothills,while those with high SDHR(amount and frequency)are mainly concentrated in the foothills and plains close to mountainous *** all three types of terrain,the diurnal variations of both TR and SDHR exhibit a double peak(weak early morning and strong late afternoon)and a phase shift from the early-morning peak to the late-afternoon peak from May to *** the late-afternoon peak,the amount of TR and SDHR in the foothills is larger than over the mountains and *** TR intensity in the foothills increases significantly from midnight to afternoon,suggesting that thermal instability may play an important role in this process.

关键词： short duration heavy rainfall diurnal variation foothill rainfall

The diagnostic value of tenascin-C in acute aortic syndrome

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第3期21卷 359-368页

作者： Ming MA wei CHEN Hai-long CAO Jun PAN Qing ZHOU Xin-long TANG Dong-Jin WANG Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of Thoracic surgery Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiangsuChina

OBJECTIVES Misdiagnosis of acute aortic syndrome(AAS)significantly increases ***-C(TN-C)is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein related to cardiovascular *** elevation of TN-C in AAS and whether it can discriminate suddenonset of acute chest pain in Chinese remains *** We measured the plasma concentration of TN-C by ELISA in a cohort of 376 patients with chest or back *** to discriminate AAS from acute coronary syndrome(ACS)were compared and *** From October 2016 to September 2021,376 undiagnosed patients with chest or back pain were enrolled.166 of them were finally diagnosed as AAS,100 were ACS and 110 without cardiovascular diseases(NCV).TN-C was significantly elevated in AAS at 18.18 ng/mL(IQR:13.10–27.68)compared with 7.51 ng/mL(IQR:5.67–11.38)in ACS(P<0.001)and 3.68 ng/mL(IQR:2.50–5.29)in NCV(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in TN-C level among the subtypes of *** the 166 AAS patients,the peaked level of TN-C was at acute stage(P=0.012),then a slight of decrease was observed at subacute *** area under receiver operating characteristic curve for AAS patients versus NCV was 0.979(95%CI:0.964-0.994)for *** a cutoff level of 11.474 ng/mL,TN-C has a sensitivity of 76.0%,specificity of 85.5%,accuracy of 82.0%,positive predictive value(PPV)of 76.0%,negative predictive value(NPV)of 85.5%.Diagnostic performance of TN-C was superior to D-dimer and *** The concentration of serum TN-C in AAS patients was significantly higher than that in ACS patients and ***-C could be a new biomarker to distinguish AAS patients in the early stage after symptoms onset from other pain diseases.

关键词： acute cardiovascular elevated

Preparation of yttrium oxide coating with enhanced thermal shock resistance on refractories used for titanium alloy melting and casting

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第6期31卷 1411-1422页

作者： Ao Chen Yan Ma Zhou-fu Wang Hao Liu Xi-tang Wang Sen-na Chen Chen-xin Zhang Zi-yi Tang wei-dong fu wei Cheng The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Xiangyang Juli High Technology Material Co. Ltd.Xiangyang 441705HubeiChina Xiangyang Public Inspection and Testing Center Xiangyang 441000HubeiChina

In order to enhance the service life of refractories for melting and casting of titanium alloy,preparation of yttrium oxide coatings on the refractories surface is an effective *** improvement of thermal shock stability of the coating is beneficial to its spalling resistance during the high-temperature service,and the available slurry with good performance is the *** effects of the varieties and contents of dispersant(sodium tripolyphosphate,sodium hexametaphosphate,sodium pyrophosphate,citric acid and polycarboxylate ammonium salt)and binder(aluminum dihydrogen phosphate,zirconium acetate and yttria sol)on the stability,rheological and thixotropic properties of yttrium oxide waterbased slurry were investigated,and the effects of slurry composition design on the thermal shock resistance of the coating were *** results showed that the introduction of polycarboxylate ammonium salt as dispersant significantly improved the stability of the slurry,and the varieties of the binders had significant effects on the dispersibility of the *** aluminum dihydrogen phosphate and polycarboxylate ammonium salt were used as binder and dispersant,respectively,the slurry had better stability,suitable rheological and thixotropic *** using aluminum dihydrogen phosphate as binder,the coating had good thermal shock resistance and no obvious cracks were observed for the coating after thermal shock,which was attributed to the yttrium aluminate binding phase generated in the *** effective method was provided for preparing yttrium oxide coatings with enhanced thermal shock resistance applied in the process of titanium alloy melting and casting.

关键词： Yttrium oxide-Slurry Stability Rheological property Thixotropic property-Coating Thermal shock resistance

Flow excitation mechanisms of unbalanced impeller forces after pump power-trip of ultra-high head pump-turbines

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1602-1611页

作者： fu Xiaolong LI DeYou LV Jingwei YANG Biao WANG HongJie wei XianZhu School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China State Key Laboratory of Hydro-Power Equipment Harbin Institute of Large Electrical MachineryHarbin150040China

To elucidate the dynamic mechanisms of unbalanced impellers in ultra-high head pump-turbines(PTs),this study employed a one-and three-dimensional coupled method to simulate the pump power-trip(PPT)process of an ultra-high head *** investigation revealed two novel pulsation frequency components,denoted as fDVand fINFT,associated with impeller *** pulsation intensities of these components were markedly higher than those of rotor-stator interaction frequency components in ultra-high head ***,the fDVcomponents exhibited pulsations at 1–2 times the rated rotation frequency of the impeller,spanning the entire transition ***,the fINFTcomponents constituted a complex frequency band with various frequency values,primarily occurring near conditions(Q=0,n=0,M=0,and d M/dt=0).These two pulsation frequency components were predominantly linked to the unsteady evolution of dean vortices inside the volute and complex transitions of the flow pattern within the impeller,*** is crucial to note that these unbalanced flow-induced impeller axial forces can elevate the risk of accidents where the rotor is subjected to significant upwind axial *** findings offer valuable insights into mitigating the risk of rotor lifting due to axial forces during PT events in ultra-high head PTs.

关键词： ultra-high head pump-turbine pump power-trip unbalanced impeller forces pressure pulsations flow pattern transitions

Knowledge and data jointly driven aeroengine gas path performance assessment method

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 533-557页

作者： Zhe WANG Xuyun fu Rui ZHANG Zhengfeng BAI Xiangzhao XIA wei JIANG Department of Mechanical Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai 264209China weihai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation and Maintenance Harbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai 264209China Control System Design Laboratory AECC ShenYang Engine Research InstituteShenyang 110015China

Aeroengines,as the sole power source for aircraft,play a vital role in ensuring flight *** gas path,which represents the fundamental pathway for airflow within an aeroengine,directly impacts the aeroengine's performance,fuel efficiency,and ***,timely and accurate evaluation of gas path performance is of paramount *** paper proposes a knowledge and data jointly driven aeroengine gas path performance assessment method,combining Fingerprint and gas path parameter deviation ***,Fingerprint is used to correct gas path parameter deviation values,eliminating parameter shifts caused by non-component performance ***,coarse errors are removed using the Romanovsky criterion for short-term data divided by an equal-length overlapping sliding ***,an Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition and Non-Local Means(EEMD-NLM)filtering method is designed to“clean”data noise,completing the preprocessing for gas path parameter deviation ***,based on the characteristics of gas path parameter deviation values,a Dynamic Temporary Blended Network(DTBN)model is built to extract its temporal features,cascaded with Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP),and combined with Fingerprint to construct a Dynamic Temporary Blended AutoEncoder(DTB-AutoEncoder).Eventually,by training this improved autoencoder,the aeroengine gas path multi-component performance assessment model is formed,which can sufficiently decouple the nonlinear mapping relationship between aeroengine gas path multi-component performance degradation and gas path parameter deviation values,thereby achieving the performance assessment of engine gas path *** practical application cases,the effectiveness of this model in assessing the aeroengine gas path multi-component performance is verified.

关键词： Performance assessment Aeroengine Fingerprint Gas path parameter deviation values Jointly drive

Evaluation on cutting performance of novel PDC cutter for pipe jacking machine

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Underground Space 2024年第1期14卷 34-52页

作者： long-Chuan Deng Yi-Xiang Yuan Xiao-Zhao Li Qian-wei Zhuang Chi Zhang Yi-wei Chen School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Shanghai Tunnel Engineering Co.Ltd. Shanghai 200232China State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhouJiangsu 221116China School of Mechanics and Engineering Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

It is inevitable to cut reinforced concrete(RC)appeared in cross passage of city metro by cutting tools when constructing in densely populated *** previous cutters employed to cut RC are insufficient and easily damaged,so a new polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)cutter is used to solve this *** on the theoretical analysis of cutting mechanism,both circular and tapered PDC cutters with cutting edge angle of 90and negative front rack angle of 10are used to cut *** peeling and breaking patterns of cutting concrete are proposed,the nodular and grainy chips are the preferred modes in cutting steel *** LS-DYNA is employed to investigate the cutting performance in *** simulation results show that the average and peak cutting forces increase with the growth of penetration depth,cutting speed,and roundness,and subsequently the recommended penetration depth less than 1.2 mm is obtained to cut RC due to the existence of steel ***,the linear cutting platform is adopted to investigate the force ability and damage state of PDC *** is concluded that the cutting force increases abruptly and fluctuates heavily when cutting the coarse *** patterns occurred in both numerical and experimental results are generally ***,the steel bar is pulled out and the PDC cutter is damaged at the penetration depth of 0.8 mm,while a good cut occurs at the penetration depth of 0.3 *** tapered PDC cutter with a relatively low cutting force is prone to be broken compared with circular PDC *** is suggested that the circular PDC cutter at the penetration depth of 0.3 mm should be used to cut RC in practical engineering.

关键词： PDC cutter RC Pipe jacking machine Linear cutting tests Damage and wear LS-DYNA

High-frequency Resonance Analysis and Impedance Reshaping Control of MMC-HVDC System Based on Frequency Coupling Impedance Model

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 646-657页

作者： Juanjuan Wang wei Chen Yuekun Liu Chuang fu Yunming Ye Junjie Feng School of Electric Power South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Guangdong Power Grid Co. Ltd.GuangzhouChina Electric Power Research Institute China Southern Power GridGuangzhouChina

In recent years, high-frequency resonance (HFR) events occurred in several modular multilevel converter based high-voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) projects. The time delay of an MMC-HVDC system is the critical factor that induces HFR. The frequency coupling affects the impedance characteristics of an MMC and further deteriorates system stability. Therefore, in this paper, a multi-input multi-output admittance model of an MMC-HVDC system is developed to analyze its frequency characteristics. The effects of current loop, power loop, phase-locked loop, and operating point on the MMC frequency coupling degree are analyzed in detail. Meanwhile, to further suppress HFR in the MMC-HVDC system, an enhanced impedance reshaping control strategy based on the equivalent single-input single-output impedance model is proposed. Finally, the accuracy of the enhanced impedance model and the effectiveness of the impedance reshaping control are verified by electromagnetic transient simulations in PSCAD.

关键词： Modular multilevel converter based high-voltage direct current(MMC-HVDC) high-frequency resonance frequency coupling impedance model impedance reshaping control

A continuous-wave Nd:YVO_(4)-KGW intracavity Raman laser with over 34% diode-to-Stokes optical efficiency

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 62-68页

作者： Quan Sheng Jingni Geng Tianchang Liu Shijie fu wei Shi Jianquan Yao Institute of Laser and Optoelectronics School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Technology(Ministry of Education) Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina

We demonstrate a continuous-wave(CW)Nd:YVO_(4)-potassium gadolinium tungstate(KGW)intracavity Raman laser with a diode-to-Stokes optical efficiency of 34.2%.By optimizing the cavity arrangement and reducing the cavity losses,8.47 W Stokes output at 1177 nm was obtained under an incident 878.6 nm diode pump power of 24.8 *** influence of cavity losses on the power and efficiency of the CW Raman laser,as well as the potential for further optimization,was investigated based on the numerical *** observation of thermally-induced output rollover was well explained by the calculation of the thermal lensing and cavity stability,indicating that the end-face curvature played an important role when the end-face of the crystal was highly reflective coated to make the cavity.A 10.9 W Stokes output under 40.9 W incident pump was also demonstrated with a cavity arrangement less sensitive to the end-face curvature,which is the highest output power of CW intracavity Raman lasers reported.

关键词： continuous wave intracavity Raman laser KGW crystal thermal lens