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Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer management practices on wheat yields and N_2O emissions from wheat fields in North China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第6期14卷 1184-1191页

作者： LIU Ya-nan LI Ying-chun PENG Zheng-ping wang yan-qun MA Shao-yun GUO Li-ping LIN Er-da HAN Xue College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Agricultural University of Hebei Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural EnvironmentMinistry of Agriculture

Nitrogen（N） is one of the macronutrients required for plant growth, and reasonable application of N fertilizers can increase crop yields and improve their quality. However, excessive application of N fertilizers will decrease N use efficiency and also lead to increases in N2O emissions from agricultural soils and many other environmental issues. Research on the effects of different N fertilizer management practices on wheat yields and N2O emissions will assist the selection of effective N management measures which enable achieving high wheat yields while reducing N2O emissions. To investigate the effects of different N management practices on wheat yields and soil N2O emissions, we conducted field trials with 5 treatments of no N fertilizer（CK）, farmers common N rate（AN）, optimal N rate（ON）, 20% reduction in optimal rate＋dicyandiamide（ON80%＋DCD）, 20% reduction in optimal rate＋nano-carbon（ON80%＋NC）. The static closed chamber gas chromatography method was used to monitor N2O emissions during the wheat growing season. The results showed that there were obvious seasonal characteristics of N2O emissions under each treatment and N2O emissions were mainly concentrated in the sowing-greening stage, accounting for 54.6–68.2% of the overall emissions. Compared with AN, N2O emissions were decreased by 23.1, 45.4 and 33.7%, respectively, under ON, ON80%＋DCD and ON80%＋NC, and emission factors were declined by 22.2, 66.7 and 33.3%, respectively. Wheat yield was increased significantly under ON80%＋DCD and ON80%＋NC by 12.3 and 11.9%, respectively, relative to AN while there was no significant change in yield in the ON treatment. Compared with ON, overall N2O emissions were decreased by 29.1 and 13.9% while wheat yields improved by 18.3 and 17.9% under ON80%＋DCD and ON80%＋NC, respectively. We therefore recommend that ON80%＋DCD and ON80%＋NC be referred as effective N management practices increasing yields while mitigating emissions.

关键词： emissions wheat fertilizer chamber accounting declined Wheat seasonal panicle seedling

Silk damping in scalar-induced gravitational waves:a novel probe for new physics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 75-81页

作者： yan-Heng Yu Sai wang Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Silk damping is well known in the study of cosmic microwave background(CMB)and accounts for suppression of the angular power spectrum of CMB on large angular *** this article,we study the effect of Silk damping on the scalar-induced gravitational waves(SIGWs).Resulting from the dissipation of cosmic fluid,the Silk damping notably suppresses the energy-density spectrum of SIGWs on scales comparable to a diffusion scale at the decoupling time of weakly-interacting *** effect offers a novel observable for probing the underlying particle interaction,especially for those mediated by heavy gauge bosons beyond the standard model of *** anticipate that pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to gauge bosons with mass∼10^(3)-10^(4)GeV,while space-and ground-based interferometers to those with mass∼10^(7)-10^(12)GeV,leading to essential comple-ments to on-going and future experiments of high-energy physics.

关键词： scalar-induced gravitational waves Silk damping new physics

CF_3SO_3H/H_2O喷射结晶制备纳米TATB

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含能材料 2016年第10期24卷 969-972页

作者：王彦群王军杨光成中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所四川绵阳621999 西南科技大学材料科学与工程学院四川绵阳621010

为获得粒度可控、纯度较高的纳米1,3,5-三氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯(TATB),采用三氟甲磺酸为溶剂,去离子水为非溶剂,通过喷射结晶法制备了纳米TATB。研究了制备工艺及p H对TATB粒度和纯度的影响规律。用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、BET(Brunauer... 详细信息

为获得粒度可控、纯度较高的纳米1,3,5-三氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯(TATB),采用三氟甲磺酸为溶剂,去离子水为非溶剂,通过喷射结晶法制备了纳米TATB。研究了制备工艺及p H对TATB粒度和纯度的影响规律。用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、BET(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller)比表面积测试、X射线衍射(XRD)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)和差示扫描量热(DSC)等对纳米TATB的形貌、比表面积、晶体结构、纯度和热分解特性进行了表征。结果表明,喷射过程中溶剂-非溶剂的体积比可以影响纳米TATB形貌和粒度,随着溶剂/非溶剂比例的减小,样品的粒径变小,颗粒更均匀;在溶剂与非溶剂的体积比为1∶50的条件下,可以获得粒径为60nm、颗粒均匀、比表面积为31.6 m^2·g^(-1)的纳米TATB。p H值对纳米TATB的纯度影响很关键,用水洗至p H=7,样品纯度可以达到98.1%。

关键词：纳米1,3,5-三氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯(TATB) 喷射结晶纯度

An Artificial Intelligence‑Assisted Flexible and Wearable Mechanoluminescent Strain Sensor System

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 217-231页

作者： yan Dong Wenzheng An Zihu wang Dongzhi Zhang College of Control Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580People’s Republic of China

The complex wiring,bulky data collection devices,and difficulty in fast and on-site data interpretation significantly limit the practical application of flexible strain sensors as wearable *** tackle these challenges,this work develops an artificial intelligenceassisted,wireless,flexible,and wearable mechanoluminescent strain sensor system(AIFWMLS)by integration of deep learning neural network-based color data processing system(CDPS)with a sandwich-structured flexible mechanoluminescent sensor(SFLC)*** SFLC film shows remarkable and robust mechanoluminescent performance with a simple structure for easy *** CDPS system can rapidly and accurately extract and interpret the color of the SFLC film to strain values with auto-correction of errors caused by the varying color temperature,which significantly improves the accuracy of the predicted strain.A smart glove mechanoluminescent sensor system demonstrates the great potential of the AIFWMLS system in human gesture ***,the versatile SFLC film can also serve as a encryption *** integration of deep learning neural network-based artificial intelligence and SFLC film provides a promising strategy to break the“color to strain value”bottleneck that hinders the practical application of flexible colorimetric strain sensors,which could promote the development of wearable and flexible strain sensors from laboratory research to consumer markets.

关键词： Mechanoluminescent Strain sensor Flexible Deep learning Wireless

FedCLCC:A personalized federated learning algorithm for edge cloud collaboration based on contrastive learning and conditional computing

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 80-93页

作者： Kangning Yin Xinhui Ji yan wang Zhiguo wang School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu611731China Institute of Public Security Kash Institute of Electronics and Information IndustryKashi844000China

Federated learning(FL)is a distributed machine learning paradigm for edge cloud *** can facilitate data-driven decision-making in tactical scenarios,effectively addressing both data volume and infrastructure challenges in edge ***,the diversity of clients in edge cloud computing presents significant challenges for *** federated learning(pFL)received considerable attention in recent *** example of pFL involves exploiting the global and local information in the local *** pFL algorithms experience limitations such as slow convergence speed,catastrophic forgetting,and poor performance in complex tasks,which still have significant shortcomings compared to the centralized *** achieve high pFL performance,we propose FedCLCC:Federated Contrastive Learning and Conditional *** core of FedCLCC is the use of contrastive learning and conditional *** learning determines the feature representation similarity to adjust the local *** computing separates the global and local information and feeds it to their corresponding heads for global and local *** comprehensive experiments demonstrate that FedCLCC outperforms other state-of-the-art FL algorithms.

关键词： Federated learning Statistical heterogeneity Personalized model Conditional computing Contrastive learning

Vector meson’s spin alignments in high energy reactions

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 1-16页

作者： Jin-Hui Chen Zuo-Tang Liang Yu-Gang Ma Xin-Li Sheng qun wang Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MoE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation(MOE)Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China INFN-Firenze Sesto Fiorentino FI 50019Italy Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Mechanics and Physics Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China

The global spin alignment of vector mesons has been observed by the STAR collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider(RHIC)at Brookhaven National Laboratory(BNL).It provides a unique opportunity to probe the correlation between the po-larized quark and antiquark in the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma(sQGP)produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions,opening a new window to explore the properties of *** addition,spin alignments of vector mesons have also been observed in other high-energy particle collisions such as e^(+)e^(−)annihilations at high energies where hadron production is dominated by quark fragmentation *** results obtained are quite different from those obtained in heavy ion collisions where quark coalescence/combination mechanism dominates suggesting strong dependence on hadronization *** comprehensive studies in different hadronization processes are *** this article,we present a brief review of theoretical and experimen-tal advances in the study of vector meson’s spin alignments in a variety of high-energy particle collisions,with emphasis on hadronization mechanisms.

关键词： vector meson spin alignment global polarization relativistic heavy ion collisions fragmentation

Effects of salinity and betaine addition on anaerobic granular sludge properties and microbial community succession patterns in organic saline wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 310-321页

作者： Zhifei Zhang Jinquan Wan Gang Ye yan wang Yuwei Bai Zhicheng yan College of Environment and Energy South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Shijiazhuang High Tech Industrial Development Zone Water Supply and Drainage Company Shijiazhuang 050000China

In this study,the effects of different salinity gradients and addition of compatible solutes on anaerobic treated effluent water qualities,sludge characteristics and microbial communities were *** increase in salinity resulted in a decrease in particle size of the granular sludge,which was concentrated in the range of 0.5-1.0 *** content of EPS(extracellular polymeric substances)in the granular sludge gradually increased with increasing salinity and the addition of betaine(a typical compatible solute).Meanwhile,the microbial community structure was significantly affected by salinity,with high salinity reducing the diversity of *** higher salinity,Patescibacteria and Proteobacteria gradually became the dominant phylum,with relative abundance increasing to 13.53%and 12.16%at 20 g/L *** and its subordinate Desulfovibrio,which secrete EPS in large quantities,dominated significantly after betaine *** relative abundance reached 13.65%and 7.86%at phylum level and genus *** effect of these changes on the treated effluent was shown as the average chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal rate decreased from 82.10%to 79.71%,78.01%,68.51%and 64.55%when the salinity gradually increased from 2 g/L to 6,10,16 and 20 g/*** the salinity of 20 g/L,average COD removal increased to 71.65%by the addition of 2 mmol/L *** gradient elevated salinity and the exogenous addition of betaine played an important role in achieving stability of the anaerobic system in a highly saline environment,which provided a feasible strategy for anaerobic treatment of organic saline wastewater.

关键词： Organic saline wastewater Anaerobic granular sludge Compatible solute Extracellular polymeric substance Microbial community

Boron shielding design for neutron and gamma detectors of a pulsed neutron tool

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 115-126页

作者： Xin-yang wang Jun-yan Chen Qiong Zhang University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731China

Shielding materials are critical for downhole pulsed neutron tool design because they directly influence the accuracy of formation measurements.A well-designed shield configuration ensures that the response of the tool is maximally representative of the formation without being affected by the tool and borehole *** study investigated the effects of boron-containing materials on neutron and gamma detectors based on a newly designed logging-while-drilling tool that is currently undergoing *** the boron content increased,the ability to absorb thermal neutrons increased *** simulation,it was proven that boron carbide(B_(4)C)can be used as an effective boron shielding material for thermal neutrons,and is therefore employed in this *** shield against thermal neutrons migrating from the mud pipes,the optimal shielding thicknesses for the near-and far-neutron detectors were determined to be 5 and 4 *** a porosity of 25 p.u.,near-neutron sensitivity exhibited a 5.6%***,to shield the capture gamma generated by thermal neutrons once they enter the tool from the mud pipe and formation,internal and external shields for the gamma detector were *** results show that the internal shield requires a boron content of 75%,whereas the external shield has a thickness of 14.2 mm thickness and a boron content of 25%to minimize the tool effect.

关键词： Nuclear well logging Pulsed neutron tool Boron shielding

PS-CoT-Adapter: adapting plan-and-solve chain-of-thought for ScienceQA

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 392-393页

作者： qun LI Haixin SUN Fu XIAO Yiming wang Xinping GAO Bir BHANU School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Purple Mountain Laboratories Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at Riverside

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown remarkable performance in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) *** further explore LLMs'reasoning abilities in solving complex problems,recent research [1-3]has investigated chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning in complex multimodal scenarios,such as science question answering (ScienceQA) tasks [4],by fine-tuning multimodal models through human-annotated CoT ***,collected CoT rationales often miss the necessary rea-soning steps and specific expertise.

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