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Who should be screened for colorectal cancer and how can it be prevented more effectively?

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第9期16卷 3741-3746页

作者： You-xiang wang Kai-Juan wang College of Public Health Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001Henan ProvinceChina College of Public Health Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention&TreatmentZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001Henan ProvinceChina

In this editorial,we comment on the article published by Agatsuma et al in a recent issue of the World J Gastroenterol(2024;30:1368-1376).We firmly concur with Agatsuma et al regarding the vital significance of colorectal cancer(CRC)screening as a public health strategy to diminish disease *** exposed to risk factors for CRC,those with comorbid conditions,and those with limited health literacy should undergo ***,we believe that more regular screenings should be accompanied by a greater focus on primary prevention(PP)of *** remains a significant global health challenge,and its incidence is strongly linked to age,lifestyle,and socioeconomic *** is particularly noteworthy that the majority of CRC patients are diagnosed outside of established screening pathways and frequently at an advanced stage of the disease,and the majority of patients possess inadequate or even nonexistent knowledge regarding CRC,which significantly impacts the prognosis and imposes a substantial economic *** study revealed that CRC identified during hospital visits for comorbid conditions was typically diagnosed at an earlier stage than detected via symptomatic ***,early incidental detection of CRC aligns closely with the timing of discovery through routine cancer *** suggests that by adopting more inclusive screening protocols that combine opportunistic testing with traditional screening methods,health care systems can create a more comprehensive safety net for individuals at risk of ***,before maximizing the health benefits of screening programs,it is essential to make additional efforts prior to screening,such as raising awareness via public education,risk assessment,and personalized recommendations,enhancing the knowledge and skills of health care professionals,optimizing the accessibility and convenience of screening processes,ensuring the quality and safety of screening services,strengthening follow-up and su

关键词： Colorectal cancer Primary prevention Screening program Disease burden Health literacy Economic benefits

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Advancements and challenges in bionic joint lubrication biomaterials for sports medicine

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2024年第3期10卷 89-105页

作者： Lei xiang Zhen wang Wenguo Cui Department of Orthopaedics Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint DiseasesShanghai Institute of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Bionic lubricant materials are a class of materials inspired by natural organisms and offer excellent lubrication properties and *** the field of sports medicine,their application opens up new possibilities for the prevention and treatment of sports-related *** authors will introduce the existing theoretical models of friction in the locomotor system,the characteristics and advantages of biomimetic lubrication materials and discuss in depth their applications in the field of sports *** development of bionic lubrication materials opens up unprecedented opportunities for sports medicine to provide more effective and long-lasting treatment options for patients.

关键词： biointerface bio-lubricant biomaterials biomedical application medicine

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Pyrolysis of Copper Phthalocyanine as Non-noble Metal Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1087-1092页

作者： ZHANG Lijuan LU Jinhua wang Yan LI xiang School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Xi’an Technological UniversityXi’an 710021China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Carbon/Carbon Composites Research CenterNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072China

We investigated the relationship between oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity and the pyrolysis temperature(650-850℃)of CuPc in alkaline *** highly active sites were formed through the decomposition of CuPc or Cu-N_(4) structure after releasing ***-Nx incorporated with carbon were the main active *** XPS measurement results show that,at lower temperature,the contents of pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N account for the most of the total *** the temperature is higher than 750℃,the content of graphitic N(26.11%)increases and pyridinic-N(58.81%)becomes the dominant *** the temperature is higher than 850℃,the content of graphitic N increases remarkably and becomes the dominant ***,the specific surface areas decrease with increased pyrolysis *** from the synergistic effect,the pyrolysis temperature at 750℃of CuPc displays superior electrocatalytic *** obtained results reveal that the fabricated non-noble metal catalysts can be used as low-cost,efficient catalyst for water splitting ORR in metal-air batteries and fuel cells.

关键词： copper phthalocyanine pyrolysis electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction

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Effect of electrical parameters and slag system on macrostructure of electroslag ingot

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 44-50页

作者： Bing-jie wang Yu wang Meng-jun wang Lei Zhao Li-zhong Chang Xiao-fang Shi School of Metallurgy engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshan 243002AnhuiChina

To investigate the influence of electric parameters and slag system on the solidification quality of electroslag ingot during electroslag remelting,different power supply modes,current strengths and remelting slag systems were used to conduct electroslag remelting experiments on 304L austenitic stainless steel,and the macrostructure of electroslag ingots was *** results indicate that the depth of the metal pool decreases with the reduction of remelting frequency in the low frequency power supply *** effects of different power supply modes,such as low-frequency,direct current straight polarity(DCSP),and direct current reverse polarity(DCRP),on reducing the depth of the metal pool increase in that *** reducing the remelting current strength in the same power supply mode,the depth of metal pool is *** compared to the binary slag system of 70%CaF2+30%Al2O3,the ternary slag system of 60%CaF2+20%Al2O3+20%CaO is more effective in reducing the depth of the metal pool during *** the 60%CaF2+20%Al2O3+20%CaO ternary slag system results in a shallower and flatter metal pool,with columnar crystal growth occurring closer to the axial *** effect is observed for both low frequency and direct current(DC)power supply modes.

关键词： electroslag remelting frequency slag system solidification quality

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Metal-organic framework hybrid materials of ZIF-8/RGO for immobilization of D-amino acid dehydrogenase

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 290-296页

作者： Hangbin Lei Qian Zhang Xiaoyan xiang Liang Jiang Shiyan wang Lingxuan Duan Shizhen wang Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biotechnology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Immobilization of D-amino acid dehydrogenase(DAADH)by the assembly of peptide linker was studied for the biosynthesis of *** material of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8)combined with reduced graphene oxide(RGO)was applied for the immobilization of DAADH from Ureibacillus *** recovery rate of DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO was 165.6%.DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO remained 53.4%of its initial activity at 50°C for 10 h while the free enzyme was ***/ZIF-8/RGO maintained 70.5%activity in hyperalkaline solution with pH *** parameters indicated that DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO had greater affinity of phenylpyruvate as V_(max)/K_(m)of DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO was 1.27-fold than free *** seven recycles,the activity of DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO remained 64.3%.Furthermore,one-step separation and in situ immobilization of DAADH by ZIF-8/RGO/Ni was carried out with 1.5-fold activity *** peptide linker and metal-organic framework(MOF)immobilization,thermostability and activity of the immobilized DAADH were significantly improved.

关键词： D-Amino acid dehydrogenase immobilization metal-organic frameworks zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8) reduced graphene oxide

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MOF-based materials facilitate efficient anaerobic digestion of organic wastes:integrating substrate bioavailability and microbial syntrophism

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 153-157页

作者： Haoyu Liu Ying Xu xiang Chen Xiankai wang Hang wang Xiaohu Dai State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center China Three Gorges CorporationWuhan 430010China National Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment Protection for Yangtze River Economic Belt Wuhan 430010China

Anaerobic digestion(AD)of organic waste(OW)for methane production is generally *** of AD systems with traditional materials(e.g.,electroconductive materials)is a current focus of research and has been reported to assist methanogenesis by enhancing the productivity of microbial metabolism among syntrophic *** in the AD of organic wastewater,in which microbial cells come into direct contact with the dissolved substrate,in the complex multiphase AD system of OW,low substrate bioavailability is an inevitable obstacle to microbial syntrophism for ***,we propose that improving substrate bioavailability and microbial syntrophism is a powerful strategy for ensuring material-assisted efficient AD of *** on the above considerations,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),with their exceptionally high porosity,outstanding multi-functionality,and tuneable structures,have excellent potential for application in multiphase anaerobic systems of OW to integrate substrate bioavailability and microbial syntrophism and drive efficient *** addition,MOFs with designable and tuneable natures have great potential for use in identifying suitable materials for anaerobic systems for different types of OW via machine-learning technologies,thereby effectively enhancing methanogenesis from ***,the sustainable application of MOFs in AD and the corresponding environmental risks warrant further investigation.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Methane production Biodegradability Functional materials Metal-organic frameworks

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Cerium oxide inclusion nucleation mechanism based on classical nucleation theory and two-step nucleation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 793-802页

作者： Yutang Li Jun wang Linzhu wang Chaoyi Chen Shufeng Yang Junqi Li xiang Li School of Materials and Metallurgy Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Department of Materials&Metallurgy Engineering Guizhou Institute of TechnologyGuiyang550003China

It is challenging to assess the mechanism responsible for the nucleation of inclusions in metals at high *** present work therefore systematically investigates the nucleation of cerium oxide inclusions according to classical nucleation theory and a two-step nucleation *** nucleation rates and nucleation radii of these inclusions are obtained,and the results demonstrate a considerable difference between theoretical and experimental *** the basis of a two-step nucleation mechanism,(CeO_(2))_(n) and(Ce_(2)O_(3))_(n)(n=1-6)clusters were constructed and the thermodynamic properties of both these clusters and of cerium oxide nanoparticles were *** addition,the entropies and heat capacity changes of cerium oxides were determined using first principles calculations and are found to be consistent with literature *** present data indicate that the cerium oxide inclusion nucleation pathway can be summarized as[Ce]+[O]→(CeO_(2))n/(Ce_(2)O_(3))_(n)→(Ce_(2)O_(3))_(n)→(Ce_(2)O_(3))_(2)→core(Ce_(2)O_(3)crystal)-shell((Ce_(2)O_(3))_(2) cluster)nanoparticles→(Ce_(2)O_(3))bulk.

关键词： Cerium oxide inclusion Classical nucleation theory Two-step nucleation mechanism First principles Rare earths

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Investigations on High-Speed Flash Boiling Atomization of Fuel Based on Numerical Simulations

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1427-1453页

作者： Wei zhong Zhenfang Xin Lihua wang Haiping Liu School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China Beijing Mechanical Equipment Research Institute Beijing100854China

Flash boiling atomization(FBA)is a promising approach for enhancing spray atomization,which can generate a fine and more evenly distributed spray by increasing the fuel injection temperature or reducing the ambient ***,when the outlet speed of the nozzle exceeds 400 m/s,investigating high-speed flash boiling atomization(HFBA)becomes quite *** difficulty arises fromthe involvement ofmany complex physical processes and the requirement for a very fine mesh in numerical *** this study,an HFBA model for gasoline direct injection(GDI)is *** model incorporates primary and secondary atomization,as well as vaporization and boilingmodels,to describe the development process of the flash boiling *** to lowspeed FBA,these physical processes significantly impact *** this model,the Eulerian description is utilized for modeling the gas,and the Lagrangian description is applied to model the droplets,which effectively captures the movement of the droplets and avoids excessive mesh in the Eulerian *** various conditions,numerical solutions of the Sauter mean diameter(SMD)for GDI show good agreement with experimental data,validating the proposed model’s *** based on this HFBA model investigate the influences of fuel injection temperature and ambient pressure on the atomization *** analyses of the velocity field,temperature field,vapor mass fraction distribution,particle size distribution,and spray penetration length under different superheat degrees reveal that high injection temperature or low ambient pressure significantly affects the formation of small and dispersed droplet *** effect is conducive to the refinement of spray particles and enhances atomization.

关键词： High-speed flash boiling atomization numerical simulations Eulerian description Lagrangian description gasoline direct injection

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Monocular Distance Estimated Based on PTZ Camera

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3417-3433页

作者： Qirui zhong Xiaogang Cheng Yuxin Song Han wang Bell Honors School Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003China College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China College of Automation and College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China

This paper introduces an intelligent computational approach for extracting salient objects fromimages and estimatingtheir distance information with PTZ (Pan-Tilt-Zoom) cameras. PTZ cameras have found wide applications innumerous public places, serving various purposes such as public securitymanagement, natural disastermonitoring,and crisis alarms, particularly with the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence and global infrastructuralprojects. In this paper, we combine Gauss optical principles with the PTZ camera’s capabilities of horizontal andpitch rotation, as well as optical zoom, to estimate the distance of the *** present a novel monocular objectdistance estimation model based on the Focal Length-Target Pixel Size (FLTPS) relationship, achieving an accuracyrate of over 95% for objects within a 5 km range. The salient object extraction is achieved through a simplifiedconvolution kernel and the utilization of the object’s RGB features, which offer significantly faster computingspeeds compared to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Additionally, we introduce the dark channel beforethe fog removal algorithm, resulting in a 20 dB increase in image definition, which significantly benefits distanceestimation. Our system offers the advantages of stability and low device load, making it an asset for public securityaffairs and providing a reference point for future developments in surveillance hardware.

关键词： Public security location information PTZ camera image processing

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Exploring multiple phases and first-order phase transitions in Kármán Vortex Street

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 47-54页

作者： Xu Li Xing xiang Tingting Xue Limin wang Xiaosong Chen School of Systems Science and Institute of Nonequilibrium Systems Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy ofSciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Kármán Vortex Street, a fascinating phenomenon of fluid dynamics, has intrigued the scientific community for a long time. Many researchers have dedicated their efforts to unraveling the essence of this intriguing flow pattern. Here, we apply the lattice Boltzmann method with curved boundary conditions to simulate flows around a circular cylinder and study the emergence of Kármán Vortex Street using the eigen microstate approach, which can identify phase transition and its order-parameter. At low Reynolds number, there is only one dominant eigen microstate W_(1) of laminar flow. At Re_(c)^(1)= 53.6, there is a phase transition with the emergence of an eigen microstate pair W^(2,3) of pressure and velocity fields. Further at Re_(c)^(2)= 56, there is another phase transition with the emergence of two eigen microstate pairs W^(4,5) and W^(6,7). Using the renormalization group theory of eigen microstate,both phase transitions are determined to be first-order. The two-dimensional energy spectrum of eigen microstate for W^(1), W^(2,3) after Re_(c)^(1), W^(4-7) after Re_(c)^(2) exhibit-5/3 power-law behavior of Kolnogorov's K41 theory. These results reveal the complexity and provide an analysis of the Kármán Vortex Street from the perspective of phase transitions.

关键词： Kármán Vortex Street first-order phase transition eigen microstate approach renormalization group theory of eigen microstate

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