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风化壳型稀土矿床中稀土元素的活化与迁移

地质力学学报 2024年第5期30卷 707-722页

作者：何宏平王珩李旭锐马灵涯朱建喜杨武斌广东省矿物物理与材料研究开发重点实验室广东广州510640 深地过程与战略矿产资源全国重点实验室广东广州510640 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所广东广州510640 南京大学内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室江苏南京210023

稀土元素(REE)广泛应用于新能源、国防军工等高科技产业中,是一类战略性关键矿产资源。风化壳型稀土矿床是中国最具竞争优势的稀土资源,其供应了全球90%以上的重稀土。阐明这类稀土矿床的成矿机制,可为寻找和高效开采利用该类稀土资源... 详细信息

稀土元素(REE)广泛应用于新能源、国防军工等高科技产业中,是一类战略性关键矿产资源。风化壳型稀土矿床是中国最具竞争优势的稀土资源,其供应了全球90%以上的重稀土。阐明这类稀土矿床的成矿机制,可为寻找和高效开采利用该类稀土资源提供理论支持。文章以稀土元素的活化和迁移这两个关键过程为切入点,总结近年来取得的最新研究成果,并对未来的研究方向提出展望。该类矿床主要发育于富稀土花岗岩类的风化壳中,其中稀土配分模式主要受基岩控制。花岗岩类风化壳的形成以化学风化和生物风化作用为主。长石、云母和角闪石等主要造岩矿物风化形成的黏土矿物和铁锰氧化物是该类矿床中离子态稀土的主要赋存载体。而离子态稀土则来源于基岩中易风化和中等抗风化(含)稀土副矿物的风化和分解。此外,微生物分泌的有机酸等代谢产物可以促进难风化的独居石和磷钇矿等副矿物的风化和分解,加速稀土元素活化-迁移。与此同时,微生物作用还会导致轻稀土和重稀土的显著分异,其中革兰氏阳性细菌对重稀土的选择性显著高于轻稀土。在风化淋积过程中,稀土元素的络合离子可能是风化壳中稀土迁移的主要形式,主要受pH值、次生矿物形成和络合环境影响。值得注意的是,除了F^(-)和CO_(3)^(2.)等无机配体,有机质也可以直接与稀土离子络合或螯合,充当有机配体促进稀土的运移。因此,风化壳型稀土矿床中稀土元素的活化和迁移机制主要受化学风化和生物风化过程控制,是无机和有机共同作用的结果,但其对该类矿床形成的贡献尚待定量评估。

关键词：风化壳型稀土矿床含稀土副矿物化学风化生物风化稀土迁移

Geochemical identification of coal-sourced oils and inter-bedded shale-sourced oils as revealed by compound specific carbon isotopic analysis

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第20期46卷 1737-1740页

作者： SUN Yongge wang Zhiyong SHENG Guoying ZHANG Shihuan PENG Ping’an FU Jiamo wang Wuhe YUAN Mingshen guangzhou institute of{2. Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Tuha Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development China National Petroleum CorporationXinjiang 839001China

To date, questions remain as to how to differentiate between coal- and interbedded shale-sourced oils in coal measures. Based on the hypothesis that δ13C value of sedimentary organic matter is controlled by the depositional environment and productivities of biota grown in such depositional setting, this note examines compound specific carbon isotopic profiles from coal and interbedded shale extracts using the gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spec-trometry technique (GC/IRMS). The results show that compound specific carbon isotope values from coal extracts are enriched in 13C relative to that of interbedded shale extracts, and provide useful information in characterizing coal- and interbedded shale-sourced oils in coal measures. An example for its successful application from the Turpan Basin, Northwestern china is presented.

关键词： compound specific carbon isotope productivities of biota coal-derived oil Turpan Basin.

Indosinian isotope ages of plutons and deposits in southwestern Miaoershan-Yuechengling,northeastern Guangxi and implications on Indosinian mineralization in South china

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第9期57卷 1024-1035页

作者： WU Jing LIANG HuaYing HUANG WenTing wang ChunLong SUN WeiDong SUN YaLi LI Jing MO JiHai wang XiuZhang CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China State Key Laboratory of Isotope geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Zijin Mining Group Company Limited Xiamen 364200 China Guangdong Nuclear lndustry Bureau Guangzhou 510800 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Miaoershan-Yuechengling complex pluton is the largest granitoid complex in the western Nanling metallogenic belt with a surface exposure of >3000 *** complex pluton is composed of an early stage granitoid batholith and late stage small *** early stage batholith contains mainly medium-grained porphyritic mica granite and porphyritic monzonite granite,whereas the late stage intrusions are composed of muscovite granite porphyry and muscovite monzonitic *** are many W-Sn-Mo-Pb-Zn-Cu ores in the contact zone between the batholith and strata,forming an ore-rich belt around the *** on zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages,the southwestern part of the early stage batholith formed at 2.8.7 ± 4.1 Ma(MSWD = 2.49),with slightly earlier magmatic activity at 2.3.0 ± 5.8 Ma(MSWD = 2.62..The Yuntoujie muscovite granite was associated with W-Mo mineralization and has a zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb age of 2.6.8 ± 4.9 Ma(MSWD = 1.44).The Re-Os isochron age of molybdenite from the Yuntoujie W-Mo ore was 2.6.8 ± 7.5 Ma(MSWD = 11.3).Our new isotope data suggest that the late stage intrusive stocks from the southwestern Miaoershan-Yuechengling batholith were closely associated with W-Mo mineralization from the Indosinian *** new results together with previous isotope data,suggest that South china underwent not only the well-known Yanshanian mineralization event,but also a widespread Indosinian metallogenic event during the Mesozoic ***,South china has a greater potential for Indosinian mineralization than previously thought such that more attention should be given to the Indosinian ore prospecting in South china.

关键词： Re-Os同位素年龄中国南方复杂岩体印支期西南部 LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb年龄矿化

Adakite-type sodium-rich rocks in Awulale Mountain of west Tianshan:Significance for the vertical growth of continental crust

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第10期46卷 811-817页

作者： XIONG Xiaolin ZHAO Zhenhua BAI Zhenghua MEI Houjun wang Yixian wang Qiang XU Jifeng Niu Hecai BAO Zhiwei guangzhou institute of{2. Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research of Nanjing University Nanjing 210093China

The sodium-rich dacites and albite porphyries of Permian in the Awulale Mountain of west Tianshan have unique chemical and trace element signatures identical to adakite. These intermediate-acidic igneous rocks are characterized by high Na2., Al2.3 and Sr contents and high Sr/Y and La/Y ratios (>40 and >2., respectively), and low Y and Yb contents, and strong depletion in HREE, and positive Eu anomaly. The (143Nd/144Nd)i is in the range from0.512.6 to 0.512.8 and the εNd(t) is positive value (+0.79-+3.11); the (87Sr/86Sr)i is in the range from 0.7052.to 0.7054. These Nd and Sr isotopic composition features indicate that the source rocks of these adakite-type rocks are from a weakly depleted mantle, or a depleted mantle, but was contaminated by the crustal materials. These adakite-type rocks were most likely derived from the partial melting of new underplated basaltic rocks under the conditions of amphibo-lite to eclogite transition in the postcollisional environment of North Xinjiang during the Permian

关键词： Awulale adakite-type rocks underplating vertical growth of continental crust.

The distribution of phenylalkanes in the modern sediment associated with gas hydrate from the Gulf of Mexico

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第6期27卷 71-82页

作者： wang Cuiping SUN Hongwen SONG Zhiguang ZHANG Tao College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China State Key Laboratory of Organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

Phenylalkanes with carbon numbers between 16 and 19, characterized by the main carbon-18, have been identified in the modern sediments collected from gas hydrate area from the Gulf of Mexico. The structure of phenylalkanes with four isomers for every carbon number was determined by means of their mass spectra and previous studies. The distribution of the series characterized by a low molecular mass was similar to the distribution of n-alkane, alkylcyclohexanes and alkylbenzenes in each sample. There were differences in the distribution of the phenylalkane series between the S - 1, S - 4, S - 7, S - 9 samples and the S - 8, S - 10 and S - 11 samples. The phenylalkanes might be derived from Archaea associated with anaerobic oxidation of methane （AOM） processes in S - 1, S -4, S -7 and S -9 samples according to their distribution resembled with the distribution of the extract from a type of Archaea. The distribution of alkylcyclohexanes and alkylbenzenes in S - 1, S - 4, S - 7 and S - 9 sample was found to be similar to each other. The odd-over-even predominance of alkylcyclohexanes was seen as the input of some bac- terial.

关键词： phenylalkane gas hydrate Gulf of Mexico

Reservoir petroleum inclusion GOR characteristics and geological significance from the Lunnan Low Uplift of the Tarim Basin

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第S1期49卷 27-32页

作者： wang Qinghua XIAO Xianming XIAO Zhongyao SONG Zhiguang Department of Geoscience Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory of geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Exploration and Development institute Tarim Petroleum CompanyCNPCKuerle 841000China

There were different opinions about the origin of petroleum property variations in the Lunnan Low Uplift of the Tarim Basin. In this paper, a software PVTsim was applied to investigate the compositions of the petroleum fluid inclusions in different sets of reservoir rocks from this area. The results show that there are three phases of petroleum inclusions in the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs and two types of petroleum inclusions in the Carboniferous and Tri-assic sandstone reservoirs. The three phases of the petroleum inclusions from the Ordovician reservoir rocks have similar compositions with the type 1 petroleum inclusion from the carboniferous and Triassic reservoir rocks, but the type 2.petroleum inclusion from the carboniferous and Triassic reservoirs is characterized by higher content of C1 and higher GOR values. With the combination of the geological background, it was inferred that the current petroleum pools in the Lunnan Low Uplift were formed mainly by two phases of petroleum charges, one

关键词： Lunnan Low Uplift petroleum inclusion PVTsim petroleum pool formation.

Impact of hydrothermal alteration on the U-Pb isotopic system of zircons from the Fangcheng syenites in the Qinling orogen,Henan Province,china

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Chinese Journal Of geochemistry 2009年第2期28卷 163-171页

作者： BAO Zhiwei wang Qiang BAI Guodian ZHAO Zhenhua Key Laboratory for MetaUogenic Dynamics Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology and geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Henan institute of Geological Survey Zhenzhou 450007 China

Disturbance of the zircon U-Pb isotopic system has been investigated extensively, but mostly in lab, in the last decades. Here, we reported a field-based study on intensive sericitization, K-feldsparthization and the impacts of mylonitization on zircons from the Fangcheng *** Fangcheng syenites occur in the eastern part of the Qinling orogen and consist mainly of aegirine-augite syenite, aegirine nepheline syenite, biotite syenite and hornblende nepheline syenite. Zircons from the slightly sericitized aegirine augite syenite are colorless, transparent crystals and exhibit well-developed oscillatory and sector zoning on the cathodoluminescence (CL) images which are typical of magmatic zircons from alkaline rocks. Zircon U-Pb determinations by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) showed that the syenite was formed in Neoproterozoic time, the weighted average of 2.6Pb/2.8U ages is 844.3±1.6 Ma (MSWD=0.86). In contrast, the hydrothermally altered zircons (hydrothermal zircon) from the intensively sericitized, K-feldsparthized, and weakly mylonitized aegirine augite syenite are conglomerates, yellowish to brown in color, generally translucent and internally textureless. The CL and backscatter electron (BSE) images of hydrothermal zircons exhibit fractured, textureless or mosaic textures, and occasionally show "sponge texture" with the veinlets and inclusions of K-feldspar; however, relicts of magmatic oscillatory zoning can still be discerned locally in individual grains. LA-ICPMS analyses of the hydrothermal zircons demonstrated that the zircons are chemically inhomogeneous, with enhanced and widely varied Pb, U, and Th contents. The U and Th contents of the hydrothermal zircons are estimated to be 32.10-6-1550×10-6 and 188×10-6-4059×10-6, respectively, with Th/U ratios within the range of 0.7-44.9. 2.6Pb/2.8U apparent ages of the hydrothermal zircons are negatively correlated with the contents of U, and radiogenic and common P

关键词：霞石正长岩 Pb同位素热液锆石秦岭造山带同位素体系防城港电感耦合等离子体质谱热液蚀变

Mass balance calculation of the pyrolysates generated from marine crude oil:A prediction model of oil cracking gas resources based on solid bitumen in reservoir

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第11期52卷 1532-1539页

作者： wang TongShan GENG AnSong XIONG YongQiang GENG XinHua State Key Laboratory of Organic geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Oil cracking gas plays an important role in the resources of natural gas in the basins with high and over mature marine source rocks in china. The prediction of the oil cracking gas resources becomes nec-essary and urgent in the gas exploration in these basins. A marine crude oil sample was pyrolyzed using sealed gold tubes system. The pyrolysates including gas,liquid and solid were quantitatively analyzed. Based on the pyrolysis data and kinetic calculation,the yield correlativity among gas,liquid and solid products was regressed with high correlative coefficients to establish a prediction model suitable for the resource estimation of oil cracking gas. The verification formula for this model was also established on the principle of mass conservation. The affecting factors and the application precondi-tions of this prediction model were discussed. This model would enlighten and provide some new ideas for the resource assessment of natural gas in the high and over mature marine carbonate source rock areas in china. It is expected to be valuable in gas exploration.

关键词：高温分解实验石油天然气故障预测相互关系

geochemistry of the Eocene Felsic Porphyric Rocks and High-Mg Potassic Rocks along JARSZ:Implication for the Tectonic Evolution in Eastern Tibet

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2010年第6期84卷 1448-1460页

作者： CHEN Jianlin XU Jifeng wang Baodi KANG Zhiqiang Key Laboratory oflsotope Geochronology and geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Chengdu institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Chengdu 610081 China Guilin University of Technology Guilin 541004 China

Eocene felsic porphyric rocks and the high-Mg potassic volcanic rocks（HMPR） occur along the Jinshajiang-Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone（JARSZ） in eastern *** with the HMPR,which are generally believed to be sourced from an enriched mantle,the felsic porphyric rocks show similar K_2. contents,enrichment in LREE and LILE,particularly radiogenic isotope（*** and Nd） features much similar to the former,implying generation of the felsic porphyric rocks most likely related to the HMPR,although they both have clearly different major and trace element compositions. The close relationship in spatial-temporal distribution and similar Sr-Nd characteristics between the felsic porphyric rocks and HMPR in eastern Tibet indicate that both of them were possibly formed by a similar tectonic process（event）.Combining the basic dikes in southern and eastern Tibet,we suggest that the break-off of north-dipping Neo-Tethyan slab in southern Tibet during 50-40 Ma,triggered formation of high-Mg potassic *** led to developing felsic porphyric magma production by partial melting of underplating HMPR in the lower crust,or fractionation crystallization of the high-Mg potassic *** break-off of slab in the Eocene may also have contributed to the abundant ore-forming material related to earlier subduction events,resulting in formation of the porphyric deposits along JARSZ in eastern Tibet.

关键词： Eocene felsic porphyric rocks HMPR break-off eastern Tibet