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Securing multi-chain consensus against diverse miner behavior attacks in blockchain networks

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Frontiers of information technology & Electronic engineering 2024年第4期25卷 540-554页

作者： Wenbo zhang tao wang Chaoyang zhang Jingyu FENG school of Cyberspace Security Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an 710121China Postal Savings Bank of china Xi’an 710000China

As cross-chain technologies enable interactions among different blockchains(hereinafter“chains”),multi-chain consensus is becoming increasingly important in blockchain ***,more attention has been paid to single-chain consensus ***-chain consensus schemes with trusted miner participation have not been considered,thus offering opportunities for malicious users to launch diverse miner behavior(DMB)attacks on different *** attackers can be friendly in the consensus process on some chains,called mask chains,to enhance their trust value,while on others,called kill chains,they engage in destructive behaviors on the *** this paper,we propose a multi-chain consensus scheme named Proof-of-DiscTrust(PoDT)to defend against DMB *** idea of distinctive trust(DiscTrust)is introduced to evaluate the trust value of each user across different *** trustworthiness of a user is split into local and global trust values.A dynamic behavior prediction scheme is designed to enforce DiscTrust to prevent an intensive DMB attacker from maintaining strong trust by alternately creating true or false blocks on the kill *** trusted miner selection algorithms for multi-chain environments can be implemented to select network miners,chain miners,and chain miner leaders,*** results show that PoDT is secure against DMB attacks and more effective than traditional consensus schemes in multi-chain environments.

关键词： Blockchain Cross-chain Trust mechanism Multi-chain consensus

An efficient online histogram publication method for data streams with local differential privacy

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Frontiers of information technology & Electronic engineering 2024年第8期25卷 1096-1109页

作者： tao tao Funan zhang Xiujun wang Xiao ZHENG Xin ZHAO school of Computer Science and technology Anhui University of TechnologyMaanshan 243032China Anhui engineering Research Center for Intelligent Applications and Security of Industrial Internet Maanshan 243032China engineering Research Institute Anhui University of TechnologyMaanshan 243032China Shengli No.1 Middle school of Dongying City Dongying 257000China

Many areas are now experiencing data streams that contain privacy-sensitive *** the sharing and release of these data are of great commercial value,if these data are released directly,the private user information in the data will be ***,how to continuously generate publishable histograms(meeting privacy protection requirements)based on sliding data stream windows has become a critical issue,especially when sending data to an untrusted third *** histogram publication methods are unsatisfactory in terms of time and storage costs,because they must cache all elements in the current sliding window(sW).Our work addresses this drawback by designing an efficient online histogram publication(EOHP)method for local differential privacy data ***,in the EOHP method,the data collector first crafts a histogram of the current SW using an approximate counting ***,the data collector reduces the privacy budget by using the optimized budget absorption mechanism and adds appropriate noise to the approximate histogram,making it possible to publish the histogram while retaining satisfactory data *** experimental results on two different real datasets show that the EOHP algorithm significantly reduces the time and storage costs and improves data utility compared to other existing algorithms.

关键词： Data stream Differential privacy Sliding windows Approximate counting

Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after china's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： tao Xue Ruohan wang Meng wang Yanying wang Dan tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu zhang tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of information technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University school of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation Clean Air Asia

Clean air actions （CAAs） in china have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

ARGA-Unet:Advanced U-net segmentation model using residual grouped convolution and attention mechanism for brain tumor MRI image segmentation

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第3期6卷 203-216页

作者： Siyi XUN Yan zhang Sixu DUAN Mingwei wang Jiangang CHEN tong tong Qinquan GAO Chantong LAM Menghan HU tao TAN Faculty of Applied Sciences Macao Polytechnic UniversityMacao 999078China Jinan Branch of china Telecom Co.Ltd. Jinan 250000China school of Physics and Electronics Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250000China Department of Dardiovascular Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310000China Clinical school of Medicine Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 310000China Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Hangzhou 310000China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional information Processing Shanghai 200000China school of Communication&Electronic engineering East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200000China engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation Ministry of EducationShanghai 200000China College of Physics and information engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350000China

Background Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)has played an important role in the rapid growth of medical imaging diagnostic technology,especially in the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors owing to its non invasive characteristics and superior soft tissue ***,brain tumors are characterized by high non uniformity and non-obvious boundaries in MRI images because of their invasive and highly heterogeneous *** addition,the labeling of tumor areas is time-consuming and *** To address these issues,this study uses a residual grouped convolution module,convolutional block attention module,and bilinear interpolation upsampling method to improve the classical segmentation network *** influence of network normalization,loss function,and network depth on segmentation performance is further *** In the experiments,the Dice score of the proposed segmentation model reached 97.581%,which is 12.438%higher than that of traditional U-net,demonstrating the effective segmentation of MRI brain tumor *** In conclusion,we use the improved U-net network to achieve a good segmentation effect of brain tumor MRI images.

关键词： Brain tumor MRI U-net Segmentation Attention mechanism Deep learning

Multi-Period Resilient Model for VSC-Based AC-DC HDS Considering Public-Safety Power Shutoff to Mitigate Wildfires

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 821-833页

作者： Zekai wang tao Ding Xiaosheng zhang Chenggang Mu Pengwei Du Fangxing Li school of electrical engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Electric Reliability Council of Texas AustinTX76574 USA Department of electrical engineering and Computer Science The University of TennesseeKnoxville(UTK)TN37996USA

This paper proposes a voltage source converter (VSC) -based AC-DC hybrid distribution system (HDS) resilient model to mitigate power outages caused by wildfires. Before a wildfire happens, the public-safety power shutoff (PSPS) strategy is applied to actively cut some vulnerable lines which may easily cause wildfires, and reinforce some lines that are connected to critical loads. To mitigate load shedding caused by active line disconnection in the PSPS strategy, network reconfiguration is applied before the wildfire occurrence. During the restoration period, repair crews (RCs) repair faulted lines, and network reconfiguration is also taken into consideration in the recovery strategy to pick up critical loads. Since there exists possible errors in the wildfire prediction, several different scenarios of wildfire occurrence have been taken into consideration, leading to the proposition of a stochastic multi-period resilient model for the VSC-based AC-DC HDS. To accelerate the computational performance, a progressive hedging algorithm has been applied to solve the stochastic model which can be written as a mixed-integer linear program. The proposed model is verified on a 106-bus AC-DC HDS under wildfire conditions, and the result shows the proposed model not only can improve the system resilience but also accelerate computational speed.

关键词： AC-DC hybrid distribution system restoration network reconfiguration progressive hedging public safety power shutoffs strategy resilience

Multispectral point cloud superpoint segmentation

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 1270-1281页

作者： wang Qingwang wang MingYe zhang ZiFeng SONG Jian ZENG Kai SHEN tao GU YanFeng Faculty of information engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Computer Technologies Application Kunming 650500China school of Electronics and information engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

The multitude of airborne point clouds limits the point cloud processing *** are grouped based on similar points,which can effectively alleviate the demand for computing resources and improve processing ***,existing superpoint segmentation methods focus only on local geometric structures,resulting in inconsistent spectral features of points within a *** feature inconsistencies degrade the performance of subsequent ***,this study proposes a novel Superpoint Segmentation method that jointly utilizes spatial Geometric and Spectral information for multispectral point cloud superpoint segmentation(GSI-SS).Specifically,a similarity metric that combines spatial geometry and spectral information is proposed to facilitate the consistency of geometric structures and object attributes within segmented *** the formation of the primary superpoints,an intersuperpoint pointexchange mechanism that maximizes feature consistency within the final superpoints is *** are conducted on two real multispectral point cloud datasets,and the proposed method achieved higher recall,precision,F score,and lower global consistency and feature classification *** experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed GSI-SS over several state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： multispectral point cloud superpoint segmentation over-segmentation spatial-spectral joint metric

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Characterization of electrical Tree Degradation of Epoxy Resin under Thermal and Temperature Stresses by Photoelastic Effect

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Chinese Journal of electrical engineering 2024年第1期10卷 12-20页

作者： Hein Htet Aung Yuhuai wang Jin Li ying zhang Tatsuo Takada school of electrical and information engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Power Generation and Transformation engineering Baoding Technical College of Electric PowerBaoding 071051China Measurement and Electric Machine Control Laboratory Tokyo City UniversityTokyo 158-8557Japan

Epoxy resin is widely used in the support,insulation,and packaging components of electrical equipment owing to their excellent insulation,thermal,and mechanical ***,epoxy-resin insulation often suffers from thermal and mechanical stresses under extreme environmental conditions and a compact design,which can induce electrical tree degradation and insulation failure in electrical *** this study,the photoelastic method is employed to investigate the thermal-mechanical coupling stress dependence of the electrical treeing behavior of epoxy *** electrical tree growth morphology and stress distribution were observed using the photoelastic *** correlation between the tree length and overall accumulated damage with an increase in mechanical stress is *** results show that compressive stress retards the growth of electrical trees along the electric field,while tensile stress has accelerating *** proves that the presence of thermal stress can induce more severe accumulated damage.

关键词： Epoxy resin electrical tree degradation thermal stress mechanical stress photoelastic effects

Hierarchical Game Approach for Optimization of Regional Integrated Energy System Clusters Considering Bounded Rationality

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 302-313页

作者： Lei Dong Mengting Li Junjie Hu Sheng Chen tao zhang Xinying wang Tianjiao Pu school of electrical and Electronic engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Department of Artificial Intelligence Application Research China Electric Power Research InstituteBeijing 100192China Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Smart Energy&Information Technology of Tianjin MunicipalityTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Regional integrated energy system(RIES)cluster,i.e.,multi-source integration and multi-region coordination,is an effective approach for increasing energy utilization *** hierarchical architecture and limited information sharing of RIES cluster make it difficult for traditional game theory to accurately describe their game ***,a hierarchical game approach considering bounded rationality is proposed in this paper to balance the interests of optimizing RIES cluster under privacy protection.A Stackelberg game with the cluster operator(CO)as the leader and multiple RIES as followers is developed to simultaneously optimize leader benefit and RIES utilization ***,a slight altruistic function is introduced to simulate the game behavior of each RIES agent on whether to cooperate or *** introducing an evolutionary game based on bounded rationality in the lower layer,the flaw of the assumption that participants are completely rational can be ***,for autonomous optimal dispatching,each RIES is treated as a prosumer,fexibly switching its market participation role to achieve cluster coordination *** studies on a RIES cluster verify effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Bounded rationality coordinated optimization evolutionary game regionaIilntegrated energysystem stackelberg game

Vein visualization enhancement by dual-wavelength phase-locked denoising technology

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第3期17卷 73-83页

作者： Lihua Ruan Zhiqin Yin Shibing Zhou Weibo Zheng Wei Lu tao zhang Shaowei wang Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200083P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083P.R.China Shanghai engineering Research Center of Energy-Saving Coatings Shanghai 200083 P.R.China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China Shanghai Tech university Shanghai 201210P.R.China school of Physical Science and technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210P.R.China school of information Science and technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Visual near-infrared imaging equipment has broad applications in various fields such as venipuncture,facial injections,and safety verification due to its noncontact,compact,and portable ***,most studies utilize near-infrared single-wavelength for image acquisition of ***,many substances in the skin,including water,protein,and melanin can create significant background noise,which hinders accurate *** this paper,we developed a dual-wavelength imaging system with phase-locked denoising technology to acquire vein *** signals in the effective region are compared by using the absorption valley and peak of hemoglobin at 700nm and 940nm,*** phase-locked denoising algorithm is applied to decrease the noise and interference of complex surroundings from the *** imaging results of the vein are successfully extracted in complex noise *** is demonstrated that the denoising effect on hand veins imaging can be improved with 57.3%by using our dual-wavelength phase-locked denoising ***,this work proposes a novel approach for venous imaging with dual-wavelengths and phase-locked denoising algorithm to extract venous imaging results in complex noisy environment better.

关键词： Dual-wavelength phase-locked denoising vein visualization enhancement.