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Accuracy and spatio-temporal variation of high resolution satellite rainfall estimate over the Ganjiang River Basin

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2013年第4期56卷 853-865页

作者： HU QingFang YANG DaWen wang yintang YANG HanBo Department of Hydraulic Engineering Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute

Based on spatial interpolation rainfall of the ground gauge measurement,we proposed a method to comprehensively evaluate and compare the accuracy of satellite rainfall estimates (SREs) at three spatial scales:0.25°×0.25° grid scale,sub-catchment scale and the whole basin *** this method,we evaluated the accuracy of six high-resolution monthly SREs (TRMM 3B42 V6,3B42RT V6,CMORPH,GSMaP MWR+,GSMaP MVK+ and PERSIANN) and revealed the spatio-temporal variation of the SRE accuracy based on spatial interpolated rainfall from a dense network of 325 gauges during 2003-2009 over the Ganjiang River Basin in the Southeast *** results showed that ground gauge-calibrated 3B42 had the highest accuracy with slight overestimation,whereas the other five uncalibrated SREs had severe *** accuracy of the six SREs in wet seasons was remarkably higher than that in the dry *** the time scale was expanded,the accuracy of SRE,particularly 3B42,***,the accuracy of SREs was relatively low in the western mountains and northern piedmont areas,while it was relatively high in the central and southeastern hills and basins of the Ganjiang River *** the space scale was expanded,the accuracy of the six SREs gradually *** study provided an example for of SRE accuracy validation in other regions,and a direct basis for further study of SRE-based hydrological process.

关键词： satellite rainfall estimate accuracy evaluation spatio-temporal variations TRMM CMORPH GSMaP PERSIANN Ganjiang River Basin

1960—2019年永定河流域降水演化特征

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人民黄河 2024年第5期46卷 40-45,49页

作者：朱伟王银堂胡庆芳张野云兆得南京水利科学研究院水灾害防御全国重点实验室江苏南京210098 河海大学水文水资源学院江苏南京210098

基于永定河流域内及周边53个气象站1960—2019年逐日降水资料及其插值数据,采用多种变异诊断方法研判永定河流域降水演化特征,结果表明:1)年降水量存在下降趋势,夏季降水量下降趋势显著,春季、秋季、冬季降水量呈上升趋势;2)在空间上,... 详细信息

基于永定河流域内及周边53个气象站1960—2019年逐日降水资料及其插值数据,采用多种变异诊断方法研判永定河流域降水演化特征,结果表明:1)年降水量存在下降趋势,夏季降水量下降趋势显著,春季、秋季、冬季降水量呈上升趋势;2)在空间上,年降水量在大部分地区呈不显著的下降趋势,官厅水库以下较小的范围呈显著下降趋势,春季、秋季和冬季降水量基本呈不显著上升趋势,仅在部分区域呈不显著下降趋势,夏季降水量与其他季节相反,在流域大部分范围呈下降趋势;3)降水要素存在突变性,突变后年降水量的变化为极小值增大、极大值减小,7—8月降水量的变化为整体降低。

关键词：降水特征趋势检验突变检验概率分布永定河流域

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基于场次洪涝灾害的损失函数构建方法

水科学进展 2024年第4期35卷 580-594页

作者：苏鑫王银堂邵薇薇王磊之李伶杰胡庆芳刘勇南京水利科学研究院水灾害防御全国重点实验室江苏南京210029 长江保护与绿色发展研究院江苏南京210098 中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室北京100038

构建洪涝灾害损失函数对于认识洪涝灾害损失的发展规律、提高灾害损失的评估时效性具有重要意义。提出了耦合洪涝致灾因子空间分布的动态模拟、社会经济数据空间化处理、灾害直接和间接损失计算以及曲线拟合的场次洪涝灾害损失函数构建... 详细信息

构建洪涝灾害损失函数对于认识洪涝灾害损失的发展规律、提高灾害损失的评估时效性具有重要意义。提出了耦合洪涝致灾因子空间分布的动态模拟、社会经济数据空间化处理、灾害直接和间接损失计算以及曲线拟合的场次洪涝灾害损失函数构建方法,构建了洪涝灾害损失—时间函数,并建立了函数参数的调整策略,在上海市开展了实例研究。研究结果表明:场次洪涝灾害直接经济损失的发展过程呈“S型”曲线的变化特征,可将weibull分布函数作为其损失函数;减停产损失的日变化过程呈“L型”曲线的变化特征,可将双曲递减函数作为其损失函数;产业关联损失的日变化过程呈“倒U型”曲线的变化特征,可将Hoerl函数作为其损失函数;累计产业关联损失约为停产或减产损失的1.77倍,间接经济损失约为直接经济损失的1.29倍;损失函数参数与灾害发生概率多呈非线性的单调递增或递减关系,基于拟合参数的洪涝灾害损失评估相对误差在5%以内。本研究的方法被证实具有较高的模拟精度,为认识洪涝灾害损失的发展规律和提高洪涝灾害损失评估时效性提供了新途径。

关键词：洪涝灾害损失动态评估损失函数时效性

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Spatio-temporal accuracy evaluation of MSWEP daily precipitation over the Huaihe River Basin,China:A comparison study with representative satellite-and reanalysis-based products

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第11期32卷 2271-2290页

作者： LI Lingjie wang yintang wang Leizhi HU Qingfang ZHU Zhenduo LI Liping LI Chengxi State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Science Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210029China Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development Nanjing 210098China Department of Civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14220USA Lvliang Meteorology Bureau of Shanxi Province Lishi 033000ShanxiChina La Salle College Preparatory PasadenaCA 91107USA

Multi-source weighted-ensemble precipitation(MSWEP)is one of the most popular merged global precipitation products with long-term spanning and high spatial *** various studies have acknowledged its ability to accurately estimate precipitation in terms of temporal dynamics,its performance regarding spatial pattern and extreme rainfall is *** fill this knowledge gap,the daily precipitation of two versions of MSWEP(MSWEP V2.1&V2.2)are compared with that of three representative satellite-and reanalysis-based products,namely the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM 3B42 V7),the climate prediction center morphing technique satellite-gauge merged product(CMORPH BLD),and the fifth-generation reanalysis product of the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5).The comparison is made according to the dense daily rainfall observations from 539 rain gauges over the Huaihe River Basin in China during 2006–*** results show that MSWEP V2.1,MSWEP V2.2 and CMORPH BLD have better performance on temporal accuracy of precipitation estimation,followed by ERA5 and TRMM *** yield the most even spatial distribution across the basin since it takes full advantage of the multi *** the weighted-ensemble method is independently carried out on each grid in MSWEPs,the spatial distribution of local precipitation is changed by different source data,which results in that MSWEPs perform worse than CMORPH BLD in terms of the representation of precipitation spatial *** addition,the capability of MSWEPs to describe the spatial structure in the rainy season is lower than that in the dry *** precipitation(≥100 mm/d)events are better represented in TRMM 3B42 V7 products than in ***,based on the comparison results,we suggest to improve the merging algorithm of MSWEP by considering the precipitation spatial self-correlation and adjusting the merging weights based on the performance of the source datasets under differe

关键词： MSWEP temporal accuracy spatial pattern extreme precipitation Huaihe River Basin

Data complexity-based batch sanitization method against poison in distributed learning

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 416-428页

作者： Silv wang Kai Fan Kuan Zhang Hui Li yintang Yang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian UniversityXi'an710126China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE68588USA Key Lab.of the Minist.of Educ.for Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Materials and Devices Xidian UniversityXi'an710071China

The security of Federated Learning(FL)/Distributed Machine Learning(DML)is gravely threatened by data poisoning attacks,which destroy the usability of the model by contaminating training samples,so such attacks are called causative availability indiscriminate *** the problem that existing data sanitization methods are hard to apply to real-time applications due to their tedious process and heavy computations,we propose a new supervised batch detection method for poison,which can fleetly sanitize the training dataset before the local model *** design a training dataset generation method that helps to enhance accuracy and uses data complexity features to train a detection model,which will be used in an efficient batch hierarchical detection *** model stockpiles knowledge about poison,which can be expanded by retraining to adapt to new *** neither attack-specific nor scenario-specific,our method is applicable to FL/DML or other online or offline scenarios.

关键词： Distributed machine learning security Federated learning Data poisoning attacks Data sanitization Batch detection Data complexity

Calculation of instream ecological water requirements under runoff variation conditions:Taking Xitiaoxi River in Taihu Lake Basin as an example

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第8期31卷 1140-1158页

作者： wang Qin wang Shuwen HU Qingfang wang yintang LIU Yong LI Lingjie State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210029China Water Conservancy Bureau of Huzhou Huzhou 313000China Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development Nanjing 210098China

Climate change and human activity can cause remarkable hydrological *** of hydrological series such as runoff before and after the change points could be significantly different,so the calculation of instream ecological water requirements(EWRs)is confronted with more *** the Xitiaoxi River(XTXR)in the upper reach of the Taihu Lake Basin as an example,this paper investigates the calculation of EWRs using the range of variability approach(RVA)under changing *** change point diagnosis of the natural and observed runoff series are conducted for ***,differences in the hydrological alternation indicators and instream EWRs processes obtained from various daily runoff series are *** was found that the natural and observed annual runoff series in XTXR from 1957 to 2018 both show significant variations,and the change points are in 2007 and 1999 *** runoff data before the change points or all runoff data are used,the instream EWRs obtained from natural runoff are significantly lower than those obtained from the observed *** the monthly time step,EWRs differences within a year mainly occurred from May to ***,calculation results of the instream EWRs are strongly related to the selected period of runoff *** EWRs obtained using runoff series after the change points have rather acute fluctuation within a ***,when the RVA method is used under changing environment,the instream EWRs should be prudently determined by comparing different calculation results on the basis of river runoff restoration and variability *** a certain extent,this paper enriches our understanding about the hydrological method for EWRs estimation,and proposes new ideas for future research on EWRs.

关键词： runoff variation Taihu Lake Basin Xitiaoxi River ecological water requirements RVA

上海市洪涝灾害损失对长江下游地区的辐射影响

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中国防汛抗旱 2024年第3期34卷 27-31,69页

作者：苏鑫胡庆芳郭靖王银堂李伶杰王磊之南京水利科学研究院水灾害防御全国重点实验室南京210029 长江保护与绿色发展研究院南京210098 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司杭州311122

随着区域经济一体化程度的加深,跨区域产业关联损失已成为灾害损失评估不容忽视的一部分,准确量化洪涝灾害损失的辐射影响对于制定防灾减灾措施、减少洪涝灾害损失具有重要作用。在系统评估了不同暴雨重现期情景下上海市减停产损失的基... 详细信息

随着区域经济一体化程度的加深,跨区域产业关联损失已成为灾害损失评估不容忽视的一部分,准确量化洪涝灾害损失的辐射影响对于制定防灾减灾措施、减少洪涝灾害损失具有重要作用。在系统评估了不同暴雨重现期情景下上海市减停产损失的基础上,采用两区域投入产出模型,测算和分析了长江下游地区不同省(直辖市)的区域内乘数效应、区域间溢出效应和区域间反馈效应,量化了上海市洪涝灾害损失对长江下游地区的辐射影响。结果表明,暴雨重现期10 a、20 a、30 a、50 a、100 a时,上海市的减停产损失分别为14.01亿元、19.83亿元、25.58亿元、33.82亿元和46.24亿元;在长江下游地区,上海市与浙江省的经济相互影响强度最大,且跨区域产业关联损失以溢出效应为主导;上海市发生洪涝灾害时,跨区域波及效应将导致长江下游地区损失增加26.24%。因此,在城市之间联系日益紧密的情况下,不仅要关注洪涝灾害对自身的影响,同时也要采取有效措施减少地域之间的波及影响,以便更有效地开展防灾减灾工作。

关键词：洪涝灾害间接损失评估跨区域辐射影响上海市长江下游地区

Flood routing model incorporating intensive streambed infiltration

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第2期58卷 718-726页

作者： CHENG Liang wang ZongZhi HU SiYi wang yintang JIN JuLiang ZHOU YuLiang State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute School of Civil Engineering Hefei University of Technology

Flood routing models are critical to flood forecasting and confluence calculations. In the streams that dry up and disconnect from groundwater, the streambed infiltration is intensive and has a significant effect on flood wave movement. Streambed infiltration should be considered in flood routing. A flood routing model incorporating intensive streambed infiltration is proposed. In the model a streambed infiltration simulation method based on soil infiltration theory is developed. In this method the Horton equation is used to calculate infiltration capacity. A trial-and-error method is developed to calculate infiltration rate and determine whether the flood wave can travel downstream. A formula is derived to calculate infiltration flow per unit length. The Muskingum-Cunge method with streambed infiltration flow as lateral outflow is used for flood routing. The proposed model is applied to the stream from the downstream of the Yuecheng Reservoir to the Caixiaozhuang Hydrometric Station in the Zhangwei River of the Haihe River Basin. Simulation results show that the accuracy of the model is high, and the infiltration simulation method can represent infiltration processes well. The proposed model is simple and practical for flood simulation and forecasting, and can be used in river confluence calculations in a rainfall-runoff model for arid and semiarid regions.

关键词： flood simulation flood forecasting flood routing streambed inf'dtration Muskingum-Cunge method Haihe River Basin

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高质量推进幸福河湖建设的认识与建议

中国水利 2024年第8期 55-62页

作者：云兆得杨元月胡庆芳王银堂苏鑫南京水利科学研究院水灾害防御全国重点实验室南京210029 水利部河湖保护中心北京100038 长江保护与绿色发展研究院南京210098

幸福河湖是维护河湖生命健康和发挥社会服务功能的有机统一体,为新时期河湖保护治理指明了方向。当前,幸福河湖建设工作已在国家和地方层面积极推进,并取得一些成效。通过归纳幸福河湖的相关概念和内涵,梳理幸福河湖的有关评价体系和指... 详细信息

幸福河湖是维护河湖生命健康和发挥社会服务功能的有机统一体,为新时期河湖保护治理指明了方向。当前,幸福河湖建设工作已在国家和地方层面积极推进,并取得一些成效。通过归纳幸福河湖的相关概念和内涵,梳理幸福河湖的有关评价体系和指导性文件,总结主要实践成效,进一步剖析幸福河湖建设过程中存在的认知偏差以及在推进方式、技术和投入保障等方面存在的问题,最后提出了深化共建共享、强化河湖长制、夯实数据底板等高质量推进幸福河湖建设的建议。

关键词：幸福河湖河湖长制系统治理生态产品价值实现高质量发展问题与建议