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laser altimetry data of chang'E-1 and the global lunar DEM model

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第11期53卷 1582-1593页

作者： li chunlai1, ren {2.1, liu jianjun1, zou xiaoduan1, mu lingli1, wang JianYu2, SHU Rong2, zou yongliao1, zhang hongbo1, lü {12.1, liu jianzhong1, zuo wei1, su yan1, wen weibin1, bian wei1, wang min1, XU Chun1, KONG DeQing1, wang XiaoQian1, wang Fang1, GENG liang1, zhang ZhouBin1, ZHENG lei1, ZHU xinYing1, li JunDuo1 & ouyang ziyuan1 1 National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, china 2 Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, china 1. National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China2. Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200083 China

The laser AltiMeter (lAM), as one of the main payloads of chang'E-1 probe, is used to measure the topography of the lunar surface. It performed the first measurement at 02:22 on November 28th, 2007. Up to December 4th 2008, the total number of measurements was approximately 9.12 million, covering the whole surface of the Moon. Using the lAM data, we constructed a global lunar Digtal Elevation Model (DEM) with 3 km spatial resolution. The model shows pronounced morphological characteristics, legible and vivid details of the lunar surface. The plane positioning accuracy of the DEM is 445 m (1σ), and the vertical accuracy is 60 m (1σ). From this DEM model, we measured the full range of the altitude difference on the lunar sur-face, which is about 19.807 km. The highest point is 10.629 km high, on a peak between crater Korolev and crater Dirichlet-Jackson at (158.656°W, 5.441°N) and the lowest point is -9.178 km in height, inside crater Antoniadi (172.413°W, 70.368°S) in the South Pole-Aitken Basin. By comparison, the DEM model of chang'E-1 is better than the USA UlCN2005 in accuracy and resolution and is probably identical to the DEM of Japan SElENE, but the DEM of chang'E-1 reveals a new lowest point, clearly lower than that of SElENE.

关键词： chang’E-1 laser altimetry lunar DEM topographic tops of the Moon

The global image of the Moon obtained by the chang'E-1:Data processing and lunar cartography

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第8期53卷 1091-1102页

作者： li chunlai1, liu jianjun1, ren xin1, MOU lingli1, zou yongliao1, zhang hongbo1, lü chang1, liu jianzhong1, zuo wei1, su yan1, wen weibin1, bian wei1, ZHAO Baochang2. yanG JianFeng2, zou {22.1, wang min1, XU Chun1, KONG DeQing1, wang XiaoQian1, wang Fang1, GENG liang1, zhang ZhouBin1, ZHENG lei1, ZHU xinYing1, li JunDuo1 & ouyang ziyuan11 National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, china 2 Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, china 1. National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China2. Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710119 China

The global lunar image of the first phase of Chinese lunar Exploration Program is the first image that covered all over the surface of the Moon. It will serve as a critical foundation for succeeding exploration and scientific research. In this paper, the acquisition, characteristics, and data quality of chang'E-1 CCD image data are described in detail. Also described are the methodology and procedure of data processing. According to rule of planetary cartography, the image data have been processed, geometrically corrected, and then mosaicked and merged in a scale of 1:2.5 million. The results of data processing and charting show that the image data of chang'E-1 CCD and their geometric precision meet the demand of charting a map in the scale of 1:2.5 million. The relative geometric positioning precision of the global image is better than 240 m, and the absolute geometric positioning precision is slightly better than that of the UlCN2005 and Clementine lunar basemap (V2.0). The plane positioning precision is approximately 100-1500 m. This global image proves to be the best global image of the Moon so far in terms of space coverage, image quality, and positioning precision.

关键词： chang’E-1 lunar CCD data processing lunar image position lunar global image

Data Analysis of chang'E-1 Gamma-Ray Spectrometer and Global Distribution of U,K,and Th Elemental Abundances

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第6期85卷 1299-1309页

作者： zou yongliao zhang liyan liu jianzhong mu lingli ren xin zhang Guangliang chang Jin yan Jun zhang Nan zhang hongbo lU chang liu jianjun zuo wei su yan wen weibin bian wei wang min XU Chun li chunlai ouyang ziyuan National Astronomical Observatories the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China Purple Mountain Observatory the Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

Gamma-ray spectrometer （GRS） is one of the main payloads on the chang＇E-1 （CE-1） lunar probe, mainly aimed to detect the elemental abundances and distributions on the lunar surface. At 03：58 on 28 November 2007, it performed the first observation of the lunar gamma rays. As of 24 October 2008, 2105 h of effective gamma rays spectra had been acquired by CE-1 GRS, which covers the whole surface of the moon. This paper mainly describes the data processing procedures and methods of deriving the elemental abundances by using the CE-1 GRS time series corrected spectra： first, to bin data into pixels for mapping; then, to perform a background deduction of the cumulative spectra and obtain a peak area of the elements; and finally, to use the elemental abundances inversion model to produce the elemental abundances. Based on these processing methods, the global abundance maps of U, K, and Th at a 5°×5° equal-area pixel are acquired by CE-1 GRS data. The paper gives a preliminary analysis of the uncertainties of the elemental abundances.

关键词： chang'E-1 payloads gamma rays elemental abundances

Primary scientific results of chang'E-1 lunar mission

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第11期53卷 1565-1581页

The strategic plan for the development of the unmanned Chinese lunar Exploration Program is characterized by three distinct stages: "orbiting around", "landing on" and "returning from" the Moon. The first Chinese lunar probe, chang'E-1, which was successfully launched on October 24th, 2007 at Xichang Satellite launch Center, and guided to crash on the Moon on March 1st, 2009, at 52.3.°E, 1.50°S, in the north of Mare Fecunditatis, is the first step towards the "orbiting around" stage. The chang'E-1 mission lasted 495 days, exceeding the expected life-span by about four months. A total of 1.37 TB raw data was received from chang'E-1. It was then processed into 4 TB scientific data products at various levels. Many scientific results have been obtained by analyzing these data, including especially the "global lunar image from the first Chinese lunar explora- tion mission". All scientific goals of chang'E-1 have been achieved. It provides much useful materials for further advances of lunar sciences and planetary chemistry. Meanwhile, these results will serve as a firm basis for future Chinese lunar missions.

关键词： lunar orbiter chang’E-1 scientific data results

chang'E-1 lunar Mission:An Overview and Primary Science Results

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空间科学学报 2010年第5期30卷 392-403页

作者： ouyang ziyuan li chunlai lu chang liu jianzhong zou yongliao zhang hongbo jianjun zuo wei su Yah wen weibin bian wei Zhao Baochang wang Jianyu yang Jianfeng chang Jin wang Huanyu zhang Xiaohui wang Shijin wang min ren xin mu lingli Kong Deqing wang Xiaoqian wang Fang Geng liang zhang Zhoubin Zheng lei Zhu xinying Zheng Yongchun li Junduo zou xiaoduan Xu Chun Shi Shuobiao Gao Yifei Gao Guannan National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

chang'E-1 is the first lunar mission in china,which was successfully launched on Oct.24th,*** was guided to crash on the Moon on March 1,2009,at 52.3.°E,1.50°S,in the north of Mare *** total mission lasted 495 days,exceeding the designed life-span about four months.1.37Terabytes raw data was received from chang'*** was then processed into 4Terabytes science data at different levels.A series of science results have been achieved by analyzing and applicating these data,especially "global image of the Moon of china's first lunar exploration mission".Four scientific goals of chang'E-1 have been *** provides abundant materials for the research of lunar sciences and *** these results will serve for china's future lunar missions.

关键词：科学数据嫦娥一号小学探月发射成功设计寿命原始数据国际形象