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Development of National Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventories in the Context of International Climate Negotiations

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2013年第1期4卷 60-68页

作者： ZHU Song-Li wang wen-tao Energy Research Institute National Development and Reform Commission The Administrative Center for China's Agenda 21

Based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, the UNFCCC has different requirements on national GHG inventories submitted by Annex I and non-Annex I parties. Since 2007, the transparency of mitigation actions by developing countries, the submission frequency of national communications cored on national inventory and the relevant international consultation and analysis have become the key issues in climate negotiations. Relevant responsibilities of developing countries showed an increasing trend. Through the analysis of these different requirements, particularly on technical review system of national inventories on developed countries and of the current situation of China's inventory development, the challenges faced by China are identified and the corresponding countermeasures are also put forward, including improving institutional arrangements and statistic system, building country-specific and comprehensive database and preparing for time-series inventory development.

关键词： climate negotiation greenhouse gas national emissions inventory transparency

Predictors of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft： a meta-analysis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2009年第3期6卷 162-167页

作者： Liang Yin Zhi-Nong wang Yi-Feng wang wen-tao wang Guang-Yu Ji Xin-Wei Yang Zhi-Yun Xu Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University of PLA Shanghai 200433 China

Objectives Postoperative atrial fibrillation （AF） has been associated with less favorable outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery （CABG） and may result in increased post-operative morbidity and mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies was conducted to examine the risk factors of occurrence AF after CABG. Methods Using the Medline database, the Cochrane clinical trials database and online clinical trial databases, we reviewed all randomized controlled trials （RCTs） and observational studies examining the risk factors of occurrence of AF after CABG. We searched for literature published April 2009 or earlier. Results Our review identified 8 studies （observational studies）, involving 14548 patients, that examined the risk factors of occurrence of AF after CABG. Although studies provide conflicting results, the overall outcomes suggests that advanced age, previous hypertension, numbers of bridge vessels may increase the occurrence of AF after CABG, while no significant difference of diabetes, preoperative myocardial infarction, and preoperative medication of 13 -Blocker have been observed between the AF patients and no-AF patiens. Conclusions Patients with advanced age, previous hypertension and more numbers of bridge vessels had higher risk for the occurrence of AF after CABG, and perioperative medication and care must be intensified to decrease the postoperative occurrence ofAF（J Geriatr Cardio12009; 6：162-167）.

关键词： atrial fibrillation coronary artery bypass graft postoperative meta-analysis predictors

Proton Acceleration with Double-Layer Targets in the Radiation Pressure Dominant Regime

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第8期28卷 98-101页

作者： XIA Chang-Quan DENG Ai-Hua LIU Li wang wen-tao LU Hai-Yang wang Cheng LIU Jian-Sheng State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesP.O.Box 800-211Shanghai 201800

Acceleration of protons by a circularly polarized laser pulse irradiating on a double-layer target is investigated by a theoretical model and particle-in-cell *** target is made up of a heavy ion layer coated with a proton layer on the rear *** results show that when the first layer is transparent induced by the hole-boring effect,the whole proton layer is accelerated by the transmitted laser pulse to high energy with low energy *** quality of the proton beam generated from a double-layer target is better than that from a single-layer *** improvement is attributed to the flat top structure of the electrostatic field caused by the electrons injected into the second *** is easier to control the spectrum quality by using a double-layer target rather than using a single-layer one when the radiation pressure acceleration is dominant.

关键词： surface attributed electrostatic

Efficacy of middle hepatic vein reconstruction in adult right-lobe living donor liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2010年第2期9卷 135-138页

作者： Peng, Ci-Jun wang, Xiao-Fei Li, Bo Wei, Yong-Gang Yan, Lu-Nan wen, Tian-Fu Yang, Jia-Yin wang, wen-tao Zhao, Ji-Chun Sichuan Univ Dept Liver & Vasc Surg Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ W China Hosp Vasc Surg & Liver Transplantat Ctr Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

BACKGROUND: Congestion of the right anterior segment may lead to graft dysfunction in right-lobe living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) without a middle hepatic vein (MHV) trunk. Selective reconstruction of MHV tributaries with the interposition of vascular grafts has been introduced to overcome this problem. However, there is still no consensus on the definite criteria of MHV reconstruction. METHODS: LDLT patients were reviewed to evaluate the effects of MHV reconstruction. From March 2005 to September 2008 in our transplantation center, 120 consecutive LDLTs were performed using a right-lobe graft without a MHV. Excluding 11 patients, among the remainder, 73 (67%) had reconstructed MHV tributaries, and the others 36 (33%) did not. The values of liver functional index and liver graft regeneration ratio were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There was a prolonged period of liver functional recovery in patients with small-for-size grafts and a graft-recipient weight ratio (GRWR) <1.0%, and without MHV reconstruction. The ratio of liver regeneration 1 month postoperatively in reconstruction cases was 81%, versus 78% in patients without reconstruction (P=0.352), but among small-for-size grafts, there was a significant difference between the two groups (95% vs. 80%). CONCLUSION: Our study shows that reconstruction of MHV tributaries is not necessary in all patients, but is beneficial for patients with GRWR <1.0%. (Hepatobiliary Pancrent Dis Int 2010; 9: 135-138)

关键词： middle hepatic vein reconstruction living donor liver transplantation interposition vascular conduits

Outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma treated by liver transplantation:comparison of living donor and deceased donor transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2010年第4期9卷 366-369页

作者： Li, Chuan wen, Tian-Fu Yan, Lu-Nan Li, Bo Yang, Jia-Ying wang, wen-tao Xu, Ming-Qing Wei, Yong-Gang Sichuan Univ W China Hosp Liver Transplantat Ctr Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation (LT) has been widely accepted as the treatment of choice for end-stage liver diseases. Due to the scarcity of cadaveric donors, adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is advocated as a practical alternative to deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT). However, some reports suggest that the long-term and recurrence-free survival rates of LDLT are poorer than those of DDLT for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to compare the long-term and recurrence-free survival rates of HCC between LDLT and DDLT. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 150 patients with HCC from January 2005 to March 2009. Eleven patients who died of complications during the perioperative period were excluded. The remaining 139 eligible patients (101 DDLT and 38 LDLT) were regularly followed up to October 2009. The Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were used to compare the characteristics of LDLT and DDLT. The long-term and recurrence-free survival curves of both groups were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method with comparisons performed using the log-rank test. One-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the waiting time of the two groups. RESULTS: Survival rates at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years for LDLT were 81%, 62%, 53%, and 45% and for DDLT were 86%, 60%, 50%, and 38%, respectively. The overall 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-year recurrence-free rates for LDLT were 71%, 49%, 42%, and 38%, and for DDLT were 76%, 52%, 41%, and 37%, respectively. No significant differences were found by the log-rank test on both long-term and recurrence-free survival rates. CONCLUSIONS: The role of LDLT is reinforced by our study. It may expand the donor pool and achieve the same long-term and recurrence-free survival rates of DDLT.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma liver transplantation living donor deceased donor long-term survival recurrence-free survival

Postoperative complications after liver transplantation with cavoportal hemitransposition

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第3期7卷 322-324页

作者： Yan, Mao-Lin Zeng, Yong Li, Bo Xu, Ming-Qing wen, Tian-Fu wang, wen-tao Yang, Jia-Yin Yan, Lu-Nan Sichuan Univ W China Hosp Liver Transplantat Grp Transplantat Ctr Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Fujian Prov Hosp Dept Hepatobiliary Surg Fuzhou 350001 Peoples R China

BACKGROUND: Extensive portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in the recipient of liver transplantation increases postoperative morbidity and mortality. Cavoportal hemitransposition (CPHT) has been described as a salvage technique in the presence of extensive portal and superior mesenteric venous thrombosis. METHODS: We report three patients who underwent this procedure, review the literature, and discuss the postoperative complications of CPHT. RESULTS: Fifty-six patients with extensive PVT who underwent CPHT have been reported. Seventeen patients have died to date. The common complications of CPHT were ascites (55.4%), renal insufficiency (48.2%), variceal bleeding (30.4%), or thrombosis of cavoportal anastomosis or portal branch (14.3%). CONCLUSION: CPHT is a salvage measure to maintain the patency of portal inflow to the liver graft in the presence of extensive PVT.

关键词： portal vein thrombosis cavoportal hemitransposition complication liver transplantation

Microsurgical reconstruction of hepatic artery in A-A LDLT:124 consecutive cases without HAT

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第21期16卷 2682-2688页

作者： Yang, Yi Yan, Lu-Nan Zhao, Ji-Chun Ma, Yu-Kui Huang, Bin Li, Bo wen, Tian-Fu wang, wen-tao Xu, Ming-Qing Yang, Jia-Yin Sichuan Univ W China Hosp Dept Liver & Vasc Surg Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Prov Peoples R China

AIM:To retrospectively investigate microsurgical hepatic artery(HA) reconstruction and management of hepatic thrombosis in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation(A-A LDLT).METHODS:From January 2001 to September 2009,182 recipients with end-stage liver disease underwent A-A *** of these patients received dual *** 157 men and 25 women had an age range of 18 to 68 years(mean age,42 years).Microsurgical techniques and running sutures with back-wall first techniques were performed in all arterial reconstructions under surgical loupes(3.5 ×) by a group of vascular *** dissections were resolved by interposition of the great saphenous vein(GSV) between the donor right hepatic artery(RHA) and recipient common HA(3 cases) or abdominal aorta(AA)(2 cases),by interposition of cryopreserved iliac vessels between the donor RHA and recipient AA(2 cases).RESULTS:In the 58 incipient patients in this series,hepatic arterial thrombosis(HAT) was encountered in 4 patients,and was not observed in 124 consecutive cases(total 192 grafts,major incidence,2.08%).All cases of HAT were suspected by routine color Doppler ultrasonographic examination and confirmed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and hepatic *** these cases of HAT,two occurred on the 1st and 7th d,respectively,following A-A LDLT,and were immediately revascularized with GSV between the graft and recipient *** in one patient occurred on the 46th postoperative day with no symptoms,and the remaining case of HAT occurred on the 3rd d following A-A LDLT,and was cured by thrombolytic therapy combined with an anticoagulant but died of multiorgan failure on the 36th d after A-A *** deaths were related to ***:Applying microsurgical techniques and selecting an appropriate anastomotic artery for HA reconstruction are crucial in reducing the high risk of HAT during A-A LDLT.

关键词： Adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation Hepatic arterial thrombosis Microsurgical reconstruction

A successful pregnancy following liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2007年第1期6卷 98-100页

作者： Pan, Guang-Dong Yan, Lu-Nan Li, Bo Zeng, Yong wen, Tian-Fu Zhao, Ji-Chun wang, wen-tao Yang, Jia-Yin Sichuan Univ W China Hosp Ctr Liver Transplantat Dept Gen Surg Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Guangxi Med Sci Univ Affiliated Hosp 5 Dept Gen Surg Liuzhou 545051 Peoples R China

BACKGROUND: The safety and possibility of pregnancy following liver transplantation has been the hot topic in transplant. A case is reported with a review the of literature. METHOD: The data of a 22-year-old pregnant patient with end-stage liver disease who had undergone orthotopic liver transplantation in September 28, 2000 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: After surgery, the patient was uneventfully recovered and was pregnant at the time of the 33rd month postoperation. The patient experienced a rejection on the 8th week of pregnancy and was successfully treated at this hospital. The patient was closely monitored throughout her pregnancy, and received routine antenatal care with respect to sonographic screening. Caesarean section was performed in March 18, 2004, and a health live-born infant weighing 2000 g was delivered at full-term. After the delivery, the patient was satisfactory with, her health and the baby was healthy. CONCLUSION: Under close monitoring, successful pregnancy following liver transplantation is possible and safe in women with end-stage liver diseases.

关键词： pregnancy liver transplantation

Improvement of the Injection and Transport Characteristics of Electrons in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes by Utilizing a NaC1 N-Doped Layer

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第4期31卷 178-181页

作者： XIAO Zhi-Hui WU Xiao-Ming HUA Yu-Lin wang Li BI wen-tao BAI Juan-Juan MU Xue YIN Shou-Gen School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin 300384Key Laboratory of Display Materials and Photoelectric Devices .Ministry of Education Tianjin 300384 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices Tianjin 300384

The injection and transport characteristics of electrons are enhanced by using sodium chloride （NaC1） as an n-type dopant doped into a 4, 7-diphnenyl-1, lO-phe-nanthroline （Bphen） electron-transporting layer, which improves the performance of organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs）. Meanwhile, a NaCl-doped Bphen layer can effectively influence electrical characteristics of the devices, and significantly improve the current and power efficiency. The turn-on voltage and the operation voltage of the optimal device are decreased drastically from 6.5 V and 10.8 V to 3.3 V and 5 V, respectively, compared with those of the reference device. The maximum current efficiency and power efficiency of the optimal device are 7.0 cd/A and 4.4 Im/W at the current density of 16.70 mA/cm~, which are about I. 7 and 4 times higher than those of the reference device, respectively. Moreover, the enhancement of the injection and transport ability for electrons is attributed not only to the reduced energy barrier between A1 cathode and Bphen, but also to the increased mobility of electrons by the doping effect of NaCl. Therefore, both the electron injection and transport ability are enhanced, which improve the carrier balance in OLEDs and lead to the better device efficiency.

关键词： Layer Improvement performance