检索结果-南通市图书馆

Spatial Distributions of Atmospheric Radiative Fluxes and Heating Rates over China during Summer

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2010年第5期3卷 248-251页

作者： YANG Da-Sheng wang pu-cai Key Laboratory for the Middle Atmosphere and Global Environmental Observation （LAGEO） Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Meteorological Observation Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The latitude-altitude distributions of radiative fluxes and heating rates are investigated by utilizing CloudSat satellite data over China during summer. The Tibetan Plateau causes the downward shortwave fluxes of the lower atmosphere over central China to be smaller than the fluxes over southern and northern China by generating more clouds. The existence of a larger quantity of clouds over central China reflects a greater amount of solar radiation back into space. The vertical gradients of upward shortwave radiative fluxes in the atmosphere below 8 km are greater than those above 8 km. The latitudinal-altitude distributions of downward longwave radiative fluxes show a slantwise decreasing trend from low latitudes to high latitudes that gradually weaken in the downward direction. The upward longwave radiative fluxes also weaken in the upward direction but with larger gradients. The maximum heating rates by solar radiation and cooling rates by longwave infrared radiation are located over 28 40°N at 7 8 km mean sea level (MSL), and they are larger than the rates in the northern and southern regions. The heating and cooling rates match well both vertically and geographically.

关键词： radiative flux, shortwave heating rate, long- wave cooling rate, vertical distribution, temporal and spatial distribution. CloudSat. Cloud Profilin Radar

Characterization of Stratospheric Aerosol Distributions during the Volcanically Quiescent Period of 1998–2004

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2014年第4期7卷 291-296页

作者： YANG Jing-Mei ZONG Xue-Mei wang pu-cai Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment （SAGE） II aerosol extinction profiles at 1020 nm were used to study the distribution characteristics of stratospheric aerosols during the volcanically quiescent period of 1998-2004. The stratospheric aerosol distributions exhibited hemispheric asymmetry between the Northern Hemisphere （NH） and the Southern Hemisphere （SH）. In the lower stratosphere below 20 km, the zonal averaged aerosol optical depths in the NH were higher than those of the corresponding SH; whereas at higher altitudes above 20 km, the optical depths in the SH-- except the equatorial region--were higher than those of the NH. At 0-10°N and 10-20°N, the stratospheric aerosol optical depth （SAOD） exhibited larger values in boreal winter and lower values in the spring and summer; at 0-10°S and 10-20°S, the SAOD presented small seasonal variations. At 30-40°N, the SAOD presented larger values in the boreal fall and winter and lower values in the spring and summer; while at 30-40°S, the SAOD exhibited larger values in the austral winter and early spring and lower values in the summer and fall. These characteristics can mainly be attributed to the seasonal cycle of the dynamic transport, and the effects of the buildup and breakdown of the polar vortex. At 50-60°S, the SAOD exhibited extremely high values during austral winter associated with the Antarctic polar vortex boundary; at 50-60°N, the SAOD also exhibited larger values during the boreal winter, but it was much less obvious than that of its southern counterpart.

关键词： aerosol stratosphere distribution optical depth

Variability and Long-Term Trend of Total Cloud Cover in China Derived from ISCCP, ERA-40, CRU3, and Ground Station Datasets

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2013年第3期6卷 133-137页

作者： ZONG Xue-Mei wang pu-cai XIA Xiang-Ao Key Laboratory of the Middle Atmosphere and Global Environmental Observation (LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Total Cloud Cover （TCC） over China deter- mined from four climate datasets including the Interna- tional Satellite Cloud Climatology Project （ISCCP）, the 40-year Re-Analysis Project of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts （ERA-40）, Climate Research Unit Time Series 3.0 （CRU3）, and ground sta- tion datasets are used to show spatial and temporal varia- tion of TCC and their differences. It is demonstrated that the four datasets show similar spatial pattern and seasonal variation. The maximum value is derived from ISCCE TCC value in North China derived from ERA-40 is 50% larger than that from the station dataset; however, the value is 50% less than that in South China. The annual TCC of ISCCP, ERA-40, and ground station datasets shows a decreasing trend during 1984-2002; however, an increasing trend is derived from CRU3. The results of this study imply remarkable differences of TCC derived from surface and satellite observations as well as model simu- lations. The potential effects of these differences on cloud climatology and associated climatic issues should be carefully considered.

关键词： total cloud cover ISCCE ERA-40 CRU3 ground station dataset

Surface Trace Gases at a Rural Site between the Megacities of Beijing and Tianjin

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2014年第3期7卷 230-235页

作者： RAN Liang LIN Wei-Li wang pu-cai DENG Zhao-Ze Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services Meteorological Observation Centre China Meteorological Administration

The North China Plain(NCP) has recently faced serious air quality problems as a result of enhanced gas pollutant emissions due to the process of urbanization and rapid economic *** explore regional air pollution in the NCP,measurements of surface ozone(O3),nitrogen oxides(NOx),and sulfur dioxide(SO2) were carried out from May to November 2013 at a rural site(Xianghe) between the twin megacities of Beijing and *** highest hourly ozone average was close to 240 ppbv in May,followed by around 160 ppbv in June and *** ozone episodes were more notable than in 2005 and were mainly associated with air parcels from the city cluster in the hinterland of the polluted NCP to the southwest of the *** NOx,an important ozone precursor,the concentrations ranged from several ppbv to nearly 180 ppbv in the summer and over 400 ppbv in the *** occurrence of high NOx concentrations under calm conditions indicated that local emissions were dominant in *** double-peak diurnal pattern found in NOxconcentrations and NO/NOx ratios was probably shaped by local emissions,photochemical removal,and dilution resulting from diurnal variations of surface wind speed and the boundary layer height.A pronounced SO2 daytime peak was noted and attributed to downward mixing from an SO2-rich layer above,while the SO2-polluted air mass transported from possible emission sources,which differed between the non-heating(September and October) and heating(November) periods,was thought to be responsible for night-time high concentrations.

关键词： ozonenitrogen oxidessulfur dioxideNorth China Plain

The Spatial and Temporal Variability of Tropospheric NO_(2) during 2005–14 over China Observed by the OMI

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2015年第6期8卷 392-396页

作者： wang Ting wang pu-cai Francois HENDRICK YU Huan Michel VAN ROOZENDAEL Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB-BIRA)

As improved and accumulated satellite records become available,it is significant to provide up-to-date perspectives on the spatiotemporal signatures of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide(NO2)over China,the knowledge of which is helpful for air pollution *** this study,the Ozone Monitoring Instrument NO2 dataset for the last 10 years(2005–14)was retrieved to examine multiple aspects of NO2 columns,including distributions,trends,and seasonal *** pattern of average NO2suggests five hotspots with column density higher than 20×1015 molec cm-2:Jing-Jin-Tang;combined southern Hebei and northern Henan;Jinan;the Yangtze River Delta;and the Pearl River ***,substantial and widespread NO2 growths are distributed over the North China *** contrast,downward trends in NO2 amounts prevail in the megacities of Beijing,Shanghai,and Guangzhou,despite generally high loading *** for the Pearl River Delta,there appears to be temporally consistent behaviors across all regions considered,where NO2 had an abrupt decline during 2008 to 2009,then a drastic increase up to 2013,before beginning to reduce again after ***,the NO2 over the Pearl River Delta is not coevolving with the rest,having experienced a moderate rise from 2005 to 2007,followed by a reduction thereafter.A marked seasonality is apparent,with a maximum in winter and a minimum in summer,regardless of the *** annual amplitude of NO2 is less pronounced over the Pearl River Delta,whereas the largest range is observed over the combined Southern Hebei and Northern Henan region,induced by enhanced NO2emission in wintertime due to intense domestic heating.

关键词： NO2 trend distribution China

Polarimetric Study of the Fine Aerosol Fraction in Beijing

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2014年第3期7卷 210-212页

作者： Mikhail A.SVIRIDENKOV Alexander S.EMILENKO wang pu-cai wang Geng-Chen A.M.Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Measurements of aerosol optical characteris- tics were carried out with a Photoelectric Aerosol Nephelometer （PhAN） in Beijing and at Xinglong Obser- vatory, which is located 150 km northeast of Beijing. Aerosol size distributions were retrieved by means of the inverse problem solution. Mean volume size distributions of the fine aerosol fraction were unimodal with the maximum radius in the range 0.11-0.15 pm. Accumula- tion of aerosol matter in the air basin of Beijing takes place mainly due to the growth of particle size, but not their number. A simple optical method to detect aerosol nonsphericity is proposed.

关键词： fine aerosol fractionaerosol size distribution nephelometerpolarimeteric study

Impact of Different Aerosols on the Evolution of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2012年第2期5卷 82-87页

作者： Sun Dan Duan Min-Zheng Lv Da-Ren wang pu-cai wang Yong Zhang Xiao-Ling Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100089 China

The present work analyzes the effect of aerosols on the evolution of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) over Shangdianzi in Beijing.A one-dimensional ABL model and a radiative transfer scheme are incorporated to develop the structure of the *** diurnal variation of the atmospheric radiative budget,atmospheric heating rate,sensible and latent heat fluxes,surface and the 2 m air temperatures as well as the ABL height,and its perturbations due to the aerosols with different single-scattering albedo (SSA) are studied by comparing the aerosol-laden atmosphere to the clean *** results show that the absorbing aerosols cause less reduction in surface evaporation relative to that by scatting aerosols,and both surface temperature and 2 m temperature decrease from the clean atmosphere to the aerosol-laden *** greater the aerosol absorption,the more stable the surface *** 12:00 am,the 2 m temperature increases for strong absorption *** the meantime,there is a slight decrease in the 2 m temperature for purely scattering aerosols due to radiative *** purely scattering aerosols decrease the ABL temperature and enhance the capping inversion,further reducing the ABL height.

关键词： aerosols atmospheric boundary layer radia-tion

Identification of Aerosol Types and Their Optical Properties in the North China Plain Based on Long-Term AERONET Data

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2013年第4期6卷 216-222页

作者： SUN Li XIA Xiang-Ao wang pu-cai CHEN Hong-Bin Philippe GOLOUB ZHANG Wen-Xing Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation(LAGEO) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratoire d'Optique Atmospherique Universite des Sciences et Technologies de Lille

Characterization of aerosols is required to reduce uncertainties in satellite retrievals of global aerosols and for modeling the effects of these aerosols on *** in the North China Plain(NCP) are complex,which provides a good opportunity to study key aerosol optical properties for various aerosol types.A cluster analysis of key optical properties obtained from Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET) data in Beijing and Xianghe during 2001-11 was performed to identify dominant aerosol types and their associated optical *** dominant aerosol types were *** results show that the urban/industrial aerosol of moderate absorption was dominant in the region and that this type varied little with ***/industrial aerosol of weak absorption was the next most common type and mainly occurs in summer,followed by that strong aerosols occurring mainly in *** were predominantly fine mode *** dust(MD) and polluted dust(PD) occurred mainly in spring,followed by winter,and their absorption decreased with *** addition,aerosol dynamics and optical parameters such as refractive index and asymmetry factor were *** show that the size of coarse mode particles decreased with AOD indicating the domination of external mixing between aerosols.

关键词： aerosol classification aerosol types aerosol optical properties

An Evidence of Aerosol Indirect Effect on Stratus Clouds from the Integrated Ground-Based Measurements at the ARM Shouxian Site

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2011年第2期4卷 65-69页

作者： TANG Jin-Ping wang pu-cai DUAN Min-Zheng CHEN Hong-Bin XIA Xiang-Ao LIAO Hong Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation （LAGEO） Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of ChineseAcademy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry （LAPC） Institute of Atmospheric Phys- ics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The aerosol effect on clouds was explored using remote sensing of aerosol and cloud data at Shouxian, China. Non-precipitation, ice-free, and overcast clouds were firstly chosen by a combination of sky im- ages from the Total Sky Imager （TSI）, cloud base heights from the Ceilometer, and vertical temperature profiles from the Balloon-Borne Sounding System （BBSS）. Six cases were chosen in summer, and seven in autumn. The averaged cloud effective radii （re）, cloud optical depth （COD）, aerosol total light scattering coefficient （a）, and liquid water path （LWP） are, respectivey, 6.47 μm, 35.4, 595.9 mm-1, 0.19 mm in summer, and 6.07 μm, 96.0, 471.7 mm-1, 0.37 mm in autumn. The correlation coefficient between re and tc was found to change from negative to positive value as LWP increases.

关键词： aerosol warm cloud effective radius opticaldepth liquid water path