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Co-pyrolysis of bituminous coal and biomass in a pressured fluidized bed

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第7期27卷 1666-1673页

作者： Yong Huang ningbo wang Qiaoxia Liu Wusheng wang Xiaoxun Ma School of Chemical Engineering Northwest University229 North Taibai RoadXi’an 710069China Hydrocarbon High-efficiency Utilization Technology Research Center of Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co.Ltd. Xi’an 710075China Chemical Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education (MOE) for Advanced Use Technology of Shanbei Energy Xi’an 710069China Shaanxi Research Center of Engineering Technology for Clean Coal Conversion Xi’an 710069China Collaborative Innovation Center for Development of Energy and Chemical Industry in Northern Shaanxi Xi’an 710069China International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) for Clean Utilization of Hydrocarbon Resources Xi’an 710069China

An experimental study on co-pyrolysis of bituminous coal and biomass was performed in a pressured fluidized bed *** blend ratio of biomass in the mixture was varied between 0 and 100 wt%,and the temperature was over a range of 550–650℃ under 1.0 MPa pressure with different *** the basis of the individual pyrolysis behavior of bituminous coal and biomass,the influences of the biomass blending ratio,temperature,pressure and atmosphere on the product distribution were *** results indicated that there existed a synergetic effect in the co-pyrolysis of bituminous coal and biomass in this pressured fluidized bed reactor,especially when the condition of bituminous coal and biomass blend ratio of 70:30(w/w),600℃,and 0.3 MPa was *** addition of biomass influenced the tar and char yields and gas and tar composition during *** tar yields were higher than the calculated values from individual pyrolysis of each fuel,and consequently the char yields were *** experimental results showed that the composition of the gaseous products was not in accordance with those of their individual *** improvement of composition in tar also indicated synergistic effect in the co-pyrolysis.

关键词： Bituminous coal Biomass Co-pyrolysis Pressured fluidized bed Synergistic effect

Real-time GNSS precise point positioning with smartphones for vehicle navigation

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Satellite Navigation 2022年第3期3卷 140-161,I0004页

作者： Zishen Li Liang wang ningbo wang Ran Li Ang Liu Aerospace Information Research Institute(AIR) Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing100094China School of Electronic Electrical and Communicating EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadShijingshan DistrictBeijing100049China

The availability of raw Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)measurements from Android smart devices gives new possibilities for precise positioning solutions,e.g.,Precise Point Positioning(PPP).However,the accuracy of the PPP with smart devices currently is a few meters due to the poor quality of the raw GNSS measurements in a kinematic scenario and in urban environments,particularly when the smart devices are placed inside *** promote the application of GNSS PPP for land vehicle navigation with smart devices,this contribution studies the real-time PPP with *** data quality analysis and positioning performance validation,two vehicle-based kinematic positioning tests were carried out using two Huawei Mate30 smartphones and two Huawei P40 smartphones with different installation modes:the vehicle-roof mode with smartphones mounted on the top roof outside the vehicle,and the dashboard mode with smartphones stabilized on the dashboard inside the *** realize high accuracy positioning,we proposed a real-time smartphone PPP method with the data processing strategies adapted for smart *** results show that the real-time PPP can achieve the horizontal positioning accuracy of about 1–1.5 m in terms of root-mean-square and better than 2.5 m at the 95th percentile for the vehicle-based kinematic positioning with the experimental smartphones mounted on the dashboard inside the vehicle,which is the real scenario in vehicle navigation.

关键词： Global Navigation Satellite System Smartphone positioning Precise point positioning Raw GNSS measurements Land vehicle navigation

Grain size distribution at four developmental stages of crescent dunes in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第5期8卷 722-733页

作者： JIA Wenru ZHANG Chunlai LI Shengyu wang Haifeng MA Xuexi wang ningbo State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Ministry of Education Engineering Center of Desertification and Blown-sand Control Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Science Urumqi 830046 China

Although scientists have performed many studies on crescent （barchan） dunes in the Taklimakan Desert,few studies reported the changes in grain size at different development stages of crescent *** order to evaluate the changing trends of surface sediment grain size with dune development,we investigated the grain size characteristics at four developmental stages （oval sand pile,shield dune,incipient crescent dune and mature crescent dune） of crescent dunes by measuring the morphology of sand dune and observing the near-surface wind *** dunes have developed in a wide inter-dune corridor between high compound longitudinal ridges in China＇s Taklimakan *** surface sediments at four developmental stages of the crescent dunes were primarily composed of fine sands,followed by very fine and medium *** grain sizes ranged from 2.8 to 3.1 φ,with a unimodal *** sands were moderately well-sorted,their distribution varied from platykurtic to very platykurtic,and symmetrical or skewed towards the fine *** oval sand piles through shield and incipient crescent dunes to mature crescent dunes,incipient grain size gradually increased,particles became finer,sorting became better,kurtosis and skewness *** sizes on the surface layer became coarser upwards from the toe of the windward slope and then became finer towards the bottom of the leeward *** found that the coarsest particles at different positions at the four developmental stages were *** coarsest particles were distributed at the top of the oval sand piles and shield dunes,versus at the middle of the windward slope of the incipient and mature crescent *** between the mean grain size and other grain size parameters showed that as mean grain size became finer,sorting became better and kurtosis became wider,but skewness changed only *** addition,grain size variation in the surface sediments correlated with the movement speed of the dunes

关键词： crescent dune developmental stage grain size Taklimakan Desert

Wind power forecasting error-based dispatch method for wind farm cluster

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2013年第1期1卷 65-72页

作者： Ning CHEN Qi wang Liangzhong YAO Lingzhi ZHU Yi TANG Fubao WU Mei CHEN ningbo wang China Electric Power Research Institute Nanjing 210003China Southeast University Nanjing 210096China China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China Gansu Electric Power Company Lanzhou 730050China

With the technical development of wind power forecasting,making wind power generation schedule in power systems become an inevitable *** paper proposes a new dispatch method for wind farm(WF)cluster by considering wind power forecasting errors.A probability distribution model of wind power forecasting errors and a mathematic expectation of the power shortage caused by forecasting errors are ***,the total mathematic expectation of power shortage from all WFs is *** study with respect to power dispatch in a WF cluster is conducted using forecasting and actual wind power data within 30 days from sites located at Gansu *** with the variable proportion method,the power shortage of the WF cluster caused by wind power forecasting errors is *** with the increment of wind power integrated into power systems,the method positively influences future wind power operation.

关键词： Wind power Dispatch Forecasting error Probabilistic distribution

Effects of Thermal and Hydric Conditions on Egg Incubation and Hatchling Phenotypes in Two Phrynocephalus Lizards

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Asian Herpetological Research 2012年第3期3卷 184-191页

作者： Xiaolong TANG Feng YUE Ming MA ningbo wang Jianzheng HE Qiang CHEN Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Life SciencesLanzhou University

Flexible-shelled eggs of the lizards Phrynocephalus przewalskii and P. versicolor were incubated under different thermal and hydric conditions to elicit the effects of incubation environment on hatching success, embryonic development and duration as well as hatchling phenotypes. Embryogenesis of the two species was not sensitive to changes in the hydric environment except P. przewalskii incubated in 30°C group. Temperature significantly altered the duration of embryogenesis, with cooler temperatures leading to a longer incubation period. Hatching success was greater at 26 and 30°C than at 34°C. The hatchlings incubated at 26 and 30°C had longer snout-vent length, larger body mass, and better locomotor performance than those incubated at 34°C. Compared to P. przewalskii, P. versicolor had a shorter incubation period and yielded smaller hatchlings, which then had a higher survival rate in cooler and drier habitats. We conclude that an incubation temperature of 30°C would produce the best balance among developmental rate, hatching success, and post-hatching performance. We speculate that the upper temperature limit for incubation of P. versicolor eggs may be slightly higher than 34°C.

关键词： egg incubation hatchling phenotypes post-hatching performance Phrynocephalus przewalskii Phrynocephalus versicolor

Silicon-phthalocyanine bonding with SiO_2 matrix and its strong optical limiting effects

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第23期45卷 2198-2203页

作者： XIA Haiping, PU Bingyin, ZHANG Yuepin, ZHANG Jianli, FANG Jianghua & wang CunkuanDepartment of Chemistry, ningbo University, ningbo 315211, China Correspondence should be addressed to Xia Haiping Department of Chemistry Ningbo University Ningbo China

Silicon-phthalocyanine (SiPc) is chemically bonded to 3-aminopropltriethoxysilane (NH2(CH2)3Si(OC2H5)3, KH550) by the nucleophilic substituted reaction between the active chlorine of silicon dichlorine phthalocyanine (SiPcCI2) and amino-group of KH550. The reacted product is hybridized with 3-glycidoxypropltrimethoxysilane (CH2OCHCH2O(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3, KH560) with sol-gel processing to form sol-gel inorganic material with good physical-chemical and optical properties. Due to tethering SiPc to the network, the aggregation of SiPc is effectively prevented in sol-gel derived matrix, and the doping concentration of SiPc in the form of monomer in the matrix is greatly enhanced. The cross-linkage of SiPcCI2 and KH550 is estimated and confirmed with FT-IR spectra. The optical limiting effects (OLE) of the gel with different content of SiPc are investigated with a frequency double Q-switched Nd3+:YAG laser of 8 nsec. pulse.

关键词： silicon dichlorine phthalocyanine amino-group cross-linkage inorganic non-crystal matrix optical limiting effect.

Status of CAS global ionospheric maps after the maximum of solar cycle 24

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Satellite Navigation 2021年第1期2卷 263-277页

作者： Zishen Li ningbo wang Ang Liu Yunbin Yuan Liang wang Manuel Hernández-Pajares Andrzej Krankowski Hong Yuan Aerospace Information Research Institute(AIR) Chinese Academy of Sci-ences(CAS)BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth’s Dynamics Innovation Academy of Precision Measurement Science and Technology(APM)CASWuhanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS) BeijingChina Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya(UPC-IonSAT IEEC)BarcelonaSpain Space Radio-Diagnostics Research Centre(SRRC) University of Warmia and Mazury(UWM)in OlsztynOlsztynPoland.

As a new Ionosphere Associate Analysis Center(IAAC)of the International GNSS Service(IGS),Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)started the routine computation of the real-time,rapid,and final Global Ionospheric Maps(GIMs)in *** method for the generation of CAS rapid and final GIMs and recent updates are presented in the *** quality of CAS post-processed GIMs is assessed during 2015-2018 after the maximum of solar cycle *** perform an independent and fair assessment,Jason-2/3 Vertical Total Electron Contents(VTEC)are first used as the references over the *** differential Slant TECs(dSTEC)generated from 55 Multi-GNSS Experimental(MGEX)stations of the IGS are also employed,which provides a complementing way to evaluate the ability of electron content models to reproduce the spatial and temporal gradients in the *** the test period,Jet Propulsion Laboratory(JPL)GIMs present significantly positive deviations compared to the Jason VTEC and GPS *** University of Catalonia(UPC)rapid GIM UQRG exhibits the best performance in both Jason VTEC and GPS dSTEC *** CAS GIMs show comparable performance with the results of the first four IAACs of the *** expected,the poor performance of all GIMs is in equatorial regions and the high latitudes of the southern *** consideration of generating multi-layer or three-dimensional ionospheric maps is emphasized to mitigate the inadequacy of ionospheric single-layer assumption in the presence of pronounced latitudinal *** use of ionospheric observations from the new GNSS constellations and other space-or ground-based observation techniques is also suggested in the generation of future GIMs,given the sparse GPS/GLONASS stations in the southern hemisphere.

关键词： International GNSS Service(IGS) Global ionospheric map(GIM) Total electron content(TEC) Jason-2/3 Differential Slant TEC(dSTEC)

Investigation on the catalytic effects of AAEM during steam gasification and the resultant char reactivity in oxygen using Shengli lignite at different forms

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2015年第3期2卷 223-231页

作者： Jianxin Mi ningbo wang Mingfeng wang Pengju Huo Dan Liu Hydrocarbon Research Center of Shaanxi YanchangPetroleum (Group) Co. Ltd. Xi'an 710075 China

The purpose of this study is to investigate the catalytic effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species （AAEM） on char conversion during the gasification in steam and the changes in ex-situ char reactivity in oxygen after the gasification in steam using different forms （i.e. H-form, Na-form） of Shengli brown coal. The surface area, AAEM concentration and carbon crystallite of chars were obtained to understand the change in char reactivity. It was found that not only Na concentration and carbon structure were the main factors governing the char reactivity in the atmosphere of steam and oxygen, but also they interacted each other. The presence of Na could facilitate the formation of disordering carbon structure in char, and the amorphous carbon structure would in turn affect the distribution of Na and thus its catalytic performance. The surface area and pore volume had very little relationship with the char＇s reactivity. Addi- tionally, the morphology of chars from different forms of coals were observed using scanning electron microscope （SEM）.

关键词： Steam gasification H-form coal Na-form coal Char reactivity Char structure

Molecular Simulation of Naphthenic Acid Removal on Acidic Catalyst(I) Mechanism of Catalytic Decarboxylation

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2008年第1期10卷 49-54页

作者： Fu Xiaoqin Dai Zhenyu Tian Songbai Hou Suandi wang Xieqing (1 ningbo Environmental Monitoring Center, ningbo 315012 2 Research Institute of Petroleum Processing , Beijing 100083) ningbo Environmental Monitoring Center Ningbo 315012 Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Beijing 100083

In this paper, the charge distribution, the chemical bond order and the reactive performance of carboxylic acid model compounds on acidic catalyst were investigated by using molecular simulation technology. The simulation results showed that the bond order of C—O was higher than that of C—C, and C—C bond connected to the carbon atom in the carboxyl radical had the lowest bond order. The charge distributions of model naphthenic acids were similar in characteristics that the negative charges were concentrated on carboxyls. According to the simulation results, the mechanisms of catalytic decar- boxylation over acidic solid catalyst were proposed, and a new route was put forward regarding removal of the naphthenic acid from crude oil through catalytic decarboxylation.

关键词： naphthenic acid catalytic decarboxylation molecular simulation mechanism