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Early-onset and later-onset cancer:trends,risk factors,and prevention in Northern china

Science china(Life Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 1928-1940页

作者： Tong Liu Chen-An Liu Qing-Song zhang Qi zhang Yi-Ming {2. Meng-Meng Song Shi-Qi Lin Li Deng Shou-ling Wu Han-Ping Shi Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Department of Clinical NutritionBeijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation Beijing 100038China Laboratory for Clinical Medicine Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China Department of General Surgery Kailuan General HospitalTangshan 063000China Department of Genetics Yale School of MedicineNew Haven 06510USA Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Kailuan General HospitalTangshan 063000China Cardiovascular Research institute University of CaliforniaSan Francisco 94158USA Department of Cardiology Kailuan General HospitalTangshan 063000China

The characteristics of early-onset(onset age<50 years)and later-onset(onset age≥50 years)cancers differ *** novel risk factors for both types of cancer is crucial for increasing awareness of cancer prevention and for... 详细信息

The characteristics of early-onset(onset age1 participants with cancer(62. with early-onset cancer and 6,117 with later-onset cancer)and 6,780 matched controls among the 186,2.9 participants who underwent Kailuan health examinations from 2.06 to *** primary outcomes were cancer incidence rates,and associated risk factors for early-and later-onset *** Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of each exposure factor for early-and later-onset cancer by cancer *** risk proportions were used to estimate the number of cases that could be prevented by eliminating a risk factor from the *** for liver cancer,incidence rates for nearly all types of cancer increased during the study ***,alcohol consumption,lipid metabolism disorders,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,fatty liver,and inflammation were associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer at multiple sites,but risk factors for cancer incidence differed by ***,alcohol consumption,inflammation,and hypertension were the major contributors to preventable *** incidence of several different types of cancer,including earlyonset cancer,is increasing in northeastern *** in risk factors between early-onset and later-onset malignancies may contribute to the divergence in the observed changes in incidence trends between these two specific types of cancer.

关键词： cancer early-onset later-onset trend risk factor prevention

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Single-atom catalysts: controlled synthesis and dynamic mechanism in electrochemical oxygen evolution substitution reactions

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 4903-4920页

作者： Qin Zhao Rong Gan Yi-ling Ran Quan-Lei Ma Wen-Wen Chen Yue-Xin Guo Yan zhang Ding-Sheng {2. School of Chemistry Southwest Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials Department of ChemistryTsinghua University

Single-atom catalysts(SACs) have attracted much attention in the field of electrocatalysis due to their100% atomic utilization efficiency, clear active center and adjustable support. The application of SACs to anodic oxygen evolution substitution reactions with high conversion efficiency and selectivity is undoubtedly ***, a full understanding of the interactions between metal single-atom active sites and supports, and an in-depth understanding of the active centers and catalytic mechanisms of SACs in the electro-oxidation of small molecules are the keys to the development of high-performance catalysts. This review focuses on the synthesis of different support SACs and the interactions between single atoms and supports at the inter-face, and introduces the reaction mechanism of SACs in the electro-oxidation of different small-molecule substrates, such as ethanol, urea and hydrazine, with the aim of providing insights and ideas for the design of more efficient and ideal catalysts. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future opportunities in the field.

关键词： Synthesis (chemical)

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Revealing the specific regulations of nitric oxide on the postharvest ripening and senescence of bitter melon fruit

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aBIOTECH 2024年第1期5卷 29-45页

作者： Hongwei wang ling Li Lili Ma Alisdair R.Fernie Anzhen Fu Chunmei Bai Zhaoze Sang Susu Guo Fan {2. Qing wang Yanyan Zheng Jinhua Zuo Key Laboratory of Vegetable Postharvest Processing Ministry of AgricultureBeijing Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetable Storage and ProcessingKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China)of Ministry of AgricultureKey Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North)of Ministry of AgricultureBeijing Vegetable Research CenterInstitute of Agro-Products Processing and Food NutritionBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China College of Food Science and Biotechnology Tianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjin 300392China Max Planck institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 Potsdam GolmGermany institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina

Bitter melon fruit is susceptible to yellowing,softening,and rotting under room-temperature storage conditions,resulting in reduced commercial *** oxide(NO)is an important signaling molecule and plays a crucial role in regulating the fruit postharvest *** this study,we investigated the effects of NO treatment on changes in sensory and firmness of bitter melon fruit during postharvest ***,transcriptomic,metabolomic,and proteomic analyses were performed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms through which No treatment delays the ripening and senescence of bitter melon *** results show that differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were involved in fruit texture(CSLE,β-Gal,and PME),plant hormone signal transduction(ACS,JAR4,and AUX2.),and fruit flavor and aroma(SUS2.LOX,and GDH2..In addition,proteins differentially abundant were associated with fruit texture(PLY,PME,and PGA)and plant hormone signal transduction(PBL15,JAR1,and PYL9).Moreover,No significantly increased the abundance of key enzymes involved in the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway,thus enhancing the disease resistance and alleviating softening of bitter melon ***,differential metabolites mainly included phenolic acids,terpenoids,and *** results provide a theoretical basis for further studies on the physiological changes associated with postharvest ripening and senescence of bitter melon fruit.

关键词： Bitter melon NO treatment Postharvest Ripening and senescence

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Establishment of a cholangiocarcinoma risk evaluation model based on mucin expression levels

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1344-1360页

作者： Chun-Yuan Yang Li-Mei Guo Yang Li Guang-Xi wang Xiao-Wei Tang Qiu-Lu zhang {2.-Fu zhang Jian-Yuan Luo Department of Pathology Institute of Systems BiomedicineSchool of Basic Medical Sciences Peking UniversityPeking University Third HospitalPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China Department of General Surgery Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of Medical Genetics Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsSchool of Basic Medical Sciences Peking UniversityPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a highly malignant cancer,characterized by frequent mucin ***1 has been identified as a critical oncogene in the progression of ***,the comprehensive understanding of how the mucin family influences CCA progression and prognosis is still *** To investigate the functions of mucins on the progression of CCA and to establish a risk evaluation formula for stratifying CCA *** Single-cell RNA sequencing data from 14 CCA samples were employed for elucidating the roles of mucins,complemented by bioinformatic ***-quent validations were conducted through spatial transcriptomics and *** construction of a risk evaluation model utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression algorithm,which was further confirmed by independent cohorts and diverse data *** CCA tumor cells with elevated levels of MUC1 and MUC4 showed activated nucleotide metabolic pathways and increased ***5AC-high cells were found to promote CCA progression through WNT ***5B-high cells exhibited robust cellular oxidation activities,leading to resistance against antitumoral ***13-high cells were observed to secret chemokines,recruiting and transforming macrophages into the M2.polarized state,thereby suppressing antitumor ***16-high cells were found to promote tumor progression through interleukin-1/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells signaling upon interaction with *** the expression levels of these mucins,a risk factor evaluation formula for CCA was developed and validated across multiple *** samples with higher risk factors exhibited stronger metastatic potential,chemotherapy resistance,and poorer *** Our study elucidates the functional mechanisms through which mucins contribute to CCA development,and provides tools for risk stratification in CCA.

关键词： Mucin Cholangiocarcinoma Single-cell RNA sequencing Spatial transcriptomics Prognosis

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Improving iconic memory through contrast detection training with HOA-corrected vision

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 95-102页

作者： ling Gong Junlei Zhao Yun Dai Zili wang Fang Hou Yudong {2. Zhong-Lin Lu Jiawei Zhou State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Vision ScienceEye HospitalSchool of Ophthalmology and OptometryWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China institute of Optics and Electronics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China The Key Laboratory of Adaptive Optics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China Chengdu University of Traditional chinese Medicine Chengdu 610075China Division of Arts and Sciences New York University ShanghaiShanghai 200126China Center for Neural Science Department of PsychologyNew York UniversityNew York 10003United States NYU-ECNU institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai Shanghai 200062China

Iconic memory and short-term memory are not only crucial for perception and cognition,but also of great importance to mental ***,we first showed that both types of memory could be improved by improving limiting processes in visual processing through perceptual *** adults were trained in a contrast detection task for ten days,with their higher-order aberrations(HOA)corrected in *** found that the training improved not only their contrast sensitivity function(CSF),but also their iconic memory and baseline information maintenance for short-term memory,and the relationship between memory and CSF improvements could be well-predicted by an observer *** results suggest that training the limiting component of a cognitive task with visual perceptual learning could improve visual *** may also provide an empirical foundation for new therapies to treat people with poor sensory memory.

关键词： Perceptual learning Iconic memory Higher-order aberrations Contrast sensitivity Short-term memory

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Inherently Chiral and Symmetrical Heteroatom-Doped Zigzag-Type Hydrocarbon Belts

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第5期6卷 1198-1210页

作者： Xue-Yuan wang Xin-Yu zhang Shuo Tong Qing-Hui Guo Mei-{2. Tan Cheng-Jun Li Mei-Xiang wang Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry and Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education) Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084

hydrocarbon belts due to their potential applications in carbon *** contrast,heteroatomembedded zigzag hydrocarbon belts as advanced design strategies with fascinating structures and desirable,unique properties have remained largely unexplored,and inherently chiral ones are ***,we report the synthesis of a diversity of symmetric and highly enantiopure inherently chiral O-and N-doped zigzag-type hydrocarbon belts starting from strainless macrocycles based on fjord-stitching *** readily available pertriflated resorcin[6]arene underwent partial hydrolyses and intramolecular S_(N)Ar reactions to form a calix[3](9H-xanthene)derivative and a prochiral half-belt *** transformations of calix[3](9H-xanthene)into C_(3v)-symmetric molecular belts were achieved by closing the rest of the fjords with triple intramolecular S_(N)Ar reactions and Yamamoto homo coupling reactions,as well as palladiumcatalyzed intermolecular acridination reactions with primary *** prochiral half-belt underwent enantioselective desymmetrizative mono-acridination to afford an inherently chiral N,O_(4)-bridged pseudo-belt with an enantiomeric excess(ee)value of>99%under the catalysis of Pd(OAc)_(2.and(R)-*** closure reactions of the pseudo-belt produced diverse heteroatom-inlayed zigzag-type hydrocarbon belts of inherent ***,we showed the unique cavity structures of the belts and demonstrated interesting chiroptic properties of the inherently enantiopure chiral *** research opens the door for the exploration of novel and sophisticated symmetric and inherently chiral molecular nanobelt structures with outstanding physical and chemical properties,as well as potential applications.

关键词： zigzag-type molecular belt heterocycle chiroptical property fjord-stitching strategy resorcinarene

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Investigation of electrostatically tunable adhesion and instability of flying head slider

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Friction 2024年第3期12卷 462-473页

作者： Fan zhang Yu wang Yueqiang HU Mingquan zhang Baotong LI School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China National Engineering Research Center for High Efficiency Grinding College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The interfacial adhesion between microstructures is inevitable in a micro-electro-mechanical system(e.g.,hard disk drive(HDD)),which may lead to complicated microtribodynamics *** research has investigated the effect of surface potential on the interfacial adhesion and microtribodynamics of the head–disk interface(HDI)in an HDD.A dynamic continuum surface force model,where the electrowetting is considered,is proposed to evaluate the interfacial interaction,and then employed into a two-degree-of-freedom(2.OF)model to theoretically analyze the potential influence mechanism on the *** results confirm that the elimination of potential can effectively repress the adhesion retention,which is further proved by the measured slider response with a laser Doppler vibrometer(LDV).Moreover,the effect of the potential on the adhesion-induced instability is also analyzed through the phase *** tells that the critical stable flying height can be lowered with the elimination of potential.

关键词： electric field(EF) retention instability adhesion

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Investigation of the differences between the “COLD” and “HOT” nature of Coptis chinensis Franch and its processed materials based on animal’s temperature tropism

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 1073-1080页

作者： ZHOU CanPing1,2. wang JiaBo1, zhang XueRu1,2. ZHAO Yan{2.1, XIA XinHua2. ZHAO HaiPing1, REN YongShen1 & XIAO XiaoHe1 1 china Military institute of chinese Meteria Medica, 302.Military Hospital of china, Beijing 100039, china 2.College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of chinese Medicine, changsha 4102.8, china china Military institute of {2. Meteria Medica 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing 100039 China College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 China

The description and differentiation of the so-called "Cold" and "Hot" natures, the primary "Drug Naure" of chinese medicine, is the focus of theoretical research. In this study, the divergency between the "Cold" and the "Hot" natures was investigated through examining the temperature tropism of mice affected by Coptis chinensis Franch and its processed materials by using a cold/hot plate differentiating technology. After exposure to C. chinensis Franch, the macroscopic behavioral index of the remaining rate (RR) on a warm pad (40℃ ) significantly increased (Pchinese medicine may possibly reflect in an ethological way for the changes of animal’s temperature tropism which might be internally regulated by the body’s energy metabolism.

关键词： "Cold" and "Hot" natures of chinese medicine evaluation temperature tropism ethology drug process Coptis chinensis Franch

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Role of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor in diabetic complications

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 867-875页

作者： Ying Liu Cun-Yu Lu Yi Zheng Yu-Min zhang ling-ling Qian Ku-Lin Li Gary Tse Ru-Xing wang Tong Liu Department of Cardiology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular DiseaseTianjin Institute of CardiologySecond Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211China Department of Cardiology Xuzhou No.1 Peoples HospitalXuzhou 221005Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Cardiology Wuxi 9^(th)People’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow UniversityWuxi 214062Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Cardiology Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi 214023Jiangsu ProvinceChina School of Nursing and Health Studies Metropolitan UniversityHong Kong 999077China Kent and Medway Medical School Kent CT27NTCanterburyUnited Kingdom

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent disorder with multi-system manifestations,causing a significant burden in terms of disability and deaths ***-tensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor(ARNI)belongs to a class of medications for treating heart failure,with the benefits of reducing hospitalization rates and *** review mainly focuses on the clinical and basic investigations related to ARNI and diabetic complications,discussing possible physiological and molecular mechanisms,with insights for future applications.

关键词： Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor Diabetic mellitus Complication

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Success of susceptibility-guided eradication of Helicobacter pylori in a region with high secondary clarithromycin and levofloxacin resistance rates

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第2期30卷 184-195页

作者： Yan-Meng wang Mo-Ye Chen Jing Chen Xin-He zhang Yan Feng Yu-Xi Han Yi-{2. Li Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110000Liaoning ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department The First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110000Liaoning ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Resistance to clarithromycin(CLA)and levofloxacin(LFX)of Helicobacter pylori(***)is increasing in severity,and successful eradication is ***,the eradication success rate has greatly declined,leaving a large number of patients with previous treatment *** To investigate secondary resistance rates,explore risk factors for antibiotic resistance,and assess the efficacy of susceptibility-guided *** We recruited 154 subjects positive for Urea Breath Test who attended The First Affiliated Hospital of china Medical University between July 2.2. and April *** underwent a string test after an overnight *** gastric juice was obtained and transferred to vials containing storage ***,DNA extraction and the specific DNA amplification were performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).Demographic information was also analyzed as part of the *** on these results,the participants were administered susceptibility-guided *** was compared with that of the empiric treatment *** A total of 132.individuals tested positive for the *** ureA gene by qPCR *** resistance rate reached a high level of 82.6%(n=109),LFX resistance rate was 69.7%(n=92.and dual resistance was 62.1%(n=82..Gastric symptoms[odds ratio(OR)=2.782.95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.076-7.194;P=0.035]and rural residence(OR=5.152.95%CI:1.407-18.861;P=0.013)were independent risk factors for secondary resistance to CLA and LFX,respectively.A total of 102.and 100 individuals received susceptibility-guided therapies and empiric treatment,*** antibiotic susceptibility-guided treatment and empiric treatment groups achieved successful eradication rates of 75.5%(77/102.and 59.0%(59/411)by the intention-to-treat(ITT)analysis and 90.6%(77/85)and 70.2.(59/84)by the per-protocol(PP)analysis,*** eradication rates of these two treatment strategies were significantly

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic resistance Clarithromycin Levofloxacin String-test Susceptibility-guided therapy Eradication rate

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