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A new method to prepare clean cuticular membrane from fossil leaves with thin and fragile cuticles

Science china Earth sciences 2011年第2期54卷 223-227页

作者： wang li1,2 & leng qin1,3 1 state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy,nanjing institute of geology and palaeontology,chinese academy of sciences,nanjing 2.0008,china 2 Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100049,china 3 Department of Science and Technology,Bryant University,Smithfield RI 02917,USA state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China Department of Science and Technology Bryant University Smithfield USA

Leaf cuticle analysis has long been a powerful tool for fossil plant identification, systematics, and palaeoclimatological recon- struction. In recent decades the application of stomatal frequency data that are relied on precise calculation of stomata on plant fossil cuticles to reconstruct ancient atmospheric CO2 concentration made the preparation of cuticular membrane with sufficient size a critical technique in palaeoclimatological research. However, for plants with originally thin and fragile cuticles, e.g., most deciduous plants, conventional techniques sometimes fail to obtain cuticular membranes with sufficient size, or sometimes unable to recover any. This has largely hampered the usage of fossil cuticle analysis in palaeobotanical and palaeo- climatological research. Here, we describe a new method using clear nail polish as a medium to ＂strengthen＂ the originally thin and fragile cuticles prior to maceration procedures. We demonstrate the method by using middle Eocene Metasequoia fossils that were notorious for the difficulty of recovering large-sized clean cuticular membranes due to their thin and fragile nature. Metasequoia, with well-documented and widely-distributed fossil records since the Late Cretaceous and with a living repre- sentative, 114. glyptostroboides, as a comparative reference, bas been widely used as a model genus for the study of evolution of plants, palaeoclimatological reconstruction, and plant adaptation to climate changes. But its deciduous habit produces thin cuticles and makes the preparation of clean cuticular membranes a tedious process. The new method successfully allows us to recover its delicate cuticular membranes with sufficient sizes for SEM observation and stomatal frequency analysis.

关键词： fossil leaf cuticle Metasequoia new method thin and fragile cuticle SEM observation stomatal frequency CO2

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Further Morphological Evidence of the Affinity Between Paomu Tree and Fossil Metasequoia and Its Environmental Implication

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 258-258页

作者： li wang~(1,2),qin leng~1 1.state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy,nanjing institute of geology and palaeontology,chinese academy of sciences,nanjing 2.0008,china. 2.Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100049,china

Leaves of a Metasequoia glyptostroboides tree in Paomu Village,Longshan County,Hunan Province (Paomu Tree) possess"Even Type"cuticles and frill-margined stomata similar to those of fossil Metasequoia by far known but different from all other living Metasequoia trees(common trees).Paomu Tree is thus hypothesized as the real"living fossil",which has been supported by preliminary DNA analyses. Techniques of clearing leaf,epidermis stripping,

关键词： Metasequoia Paomu Tree living fossil fossil affinity environment

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Cretaceous integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science china Earth sciences 2024年第4期67卷 1229-1289页

作者： Dangpeng XI Guobiao li Shijun JIANG Xin RAO Tian JIANG Tianyang wang Zuohuan qin Yasu wang Jianzhong JIA Muhammad KAMRAN Zhongye SHI Yuyang WU Panxi wang lixin SUN qinggao ZENG Xiaoqiao WAN state key laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 213200China key laboratory of palaeobiology and Petroleum stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PaleontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China state key laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environmentand Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China china National Offshore Oil Corporation limited Beijing 100028China Shanghai Science and Technology Museum Shanghai 200120China Xizang Bureau of Geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Lhasa 850000China Tianjin Geological Survey Center of china Geological Survey Tianjin 300170China

The Cretaceous Period is a vital time interval in deciphering the evolutionary history of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and the convergence of different plates and blocks across the qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.A detailed stratigraphic framework and paleogeographic patterns are the basis for understanding the evolution of the Neo-Tethys Ocean and the formation of the qinghaiTibetan ***,the Cretaceous stratigraphy,biota,paleogeography,and major geological events in the qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are analyzed to establish an integrative stratigraphic framework,reconstruct the paleogeography during the Cretaceous Period,and decode the history of the major geological *** Cretaceous rocks of the qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding area are predominantly marine deposits,with a small amount of interbedded marine-terrestrial and terrestrial *** Indus-Yarlung Tsangpo Suture Zone was responsible for the deposition of deep marine sediments dominated by ophiolite suites and radiolarian *** the south,the Tethys Himalayas and Indus Basin received marine sediments of varying depths and lithology;to the north,the Xigaze and Ladakh forearc basins are also filled with marine *** Lhasa Block,Karakorum Block,western Tarim Basin,and West Burma block consist of shallow marine,interbedded marine-terrestrial,and terrestrial *** Qiangtang Basin and other areas are dominated by terrestrial *** Cretaceous strata of the qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas are widely distributed and diversified,with abundant foraminifera,calcareous nannofossils,radiolarians,ammonites,bivalves,and *** the basis of integrated lithostratigraphic,biostratigraphic,geochronologic,and chemostratigraphic analyses,we proposed herein a comprehensive stratigraphic framework for the Cretaceous Period of the eastern *** analyzing the Cretaceous biota of different biogeographic zones from eastern Neo-Tethys and its surrounding a

关键词： qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Tethys Cretaceous stratigraphy Biota Paleogeography

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Paliurus(Paliureae,Rhamnaceae) from the Miocene of East china and its Macrofossil-based Phylogenetic and Phytogeographical History

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第5期88卷 1364-1377页

作者： li Xiangchuan wang Haofei leng qin XIAO liang GUO Junfeng HE Wenlong College of Earth sciences and Resources & key laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering of the Ministry of Education Chang'an University School of Earth sciences & key laboratory of Mineral Resources of Western china Lanzhou University laboratory of Terrestrial Environments Department of Science and TechnologyCollege of Arts and SciencesBryant UniversitySmithfieldRI 02917USA College of geology and Environment Xian University of Science and Technology

The extant genus Paliurus Miller is divided into P. ramosissimus and P. spina-christi groups and is diagnostically characterized by distinctive orbicular-winged fruits with a trilocular （or often bilocular） ovary and basally triveined leaves with a subentire to serrate margin. Here, structurally preserved winged fruits and associated compressed leaves of Paliurus （Paliureae, Rhamnaceae） are reported from the Middle-Upper Miocene Shengxian Formation of Tiantai, Zhejiang, eastern china. The fruits can be identified as Paliurus microcarpa Xiang-Chuan lisp. nov., the diagnostic characters of external morphology and anatomy of which differ from those of both extant and fossil generic members; the leaves can be designated as Paliurus sp. The species based on winged fruits, P. microcarpa, might represent an ancient intermediate link exclusively known across the P. ramosissimus and P. spina-christi groups, showing a closer affinity to the P. ramosissimus group based on the resemblant smaller fruits with a narrower wing, and to the P. spina-christi group based on the similar wing structure and texture, respectively. Morphological analyses of the present and previous fossil fruit records around the world indicate that diversification of Paliurus had begun in northern transpacific regions by the Late Eocene. The macrofossil records, i.e., fruits and leaves of Paliurus globally when projected on paleoenvironmental maps in view of changing continental positions through time （from Eocene to Miocene） display that the past distribution of the genus was much wider than the present and belongs to a tropical and warm temperate realm of the Northern Hemisphere. Therefore, the modern restricted disjunction in tropical and warm temperate regions of East Asia and South Europe （even eastwards West Asia） might represent glacial refugia for some of the generic ancient lineages to survive severe cold at least since the terminal Pliocene.

关键词： paleobotany systematics Paliurus microcarpa winged fruit phytogeography Middle-LateMiocene Zhejiang Province

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First Asian fossil record of Platydictya (Amblystegiaceae) from the lower Miocene and its paleoenvironmental significance

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2023年第1期17卷 351-360页

作者： liyan GUO liang XIAO Ya li Xiangchuan li qin leng Nan SUN Junfeng GUO Chaofeng FU Jianan wang Deshuang JI College of Earth sciences and Resources&key laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering(the Ministry of Education) Chang᾽an UniversityXi᾽an 710054China state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China laboratory for Terrestrial Environments Bryant UniversitySmithfieldRI 02917USA Shaanxi key laboratory of Early life and Environments&state key Laboratoty of Continental Dynamics Northwest UniversityXi᾽an 710069China

Mosses form a diverse land plant group in modern vegetation but have rarely showed up in the fossil record compared with vascular plants. Here, we report an extraordinarily-preserved early Miocene moss fossil from the lower Laoliangdi Formation in the Pingzhuang Coal Mine in Chifeng, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, northern china. Although lacking rhizoids and most reproductive organs, the well-preserved fossil allows us to assign it to Platydictya cf. jungermannioides (Amblystegiaceae) based upon its detailed gross and micro-morphology. The diagnostic characteristics include a small-sized body with slender stems bearing spirally arranged ovate-lanceolate leaves that lack costae. Leaf margins are mostly partly entire and partly dentate, a few dentate, and rarely completely entire. It represents the first fossil record of Platydictya in Asia. The specific living microenvironment of the extant P. jungermannioides enriched our understanding of the early Miocene environment that was previously based upon vascular plant fossils and sedimentary lithofacies in the area. Our early Miocene Platydictya cf. jungermannioides fossil lived in a warm and humid lush forest with a dense understory that received adequate water supplies.

关键词： moss the Pingzhuang Coal Mine Inner Mongolia Platydictya paleoenvironment

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The Jurassic fossil wood diversity from western liaoning,NE china

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2019年第1期8卷 78-88页

作者： Zi-Kun Jiang Yong-Dong wang Ning Tian Ao-Wei Xie Wu Zhang li-qin li Min Huang chinese academy of Geological sciences state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in life and Palaeoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences College of palaeontology Shenyang Normal University key laboratory for Evolution of Past life in Northeast Asia Ministry of Land and Resources University of chinese academy of sciences Shenyang institute of geology and Mineral Resources

Western liaoning is a unique region in china that bears diverse types of Jurassic plants, including leaves, fern rhizomes,and wood, providing significant proxy for vegetation and palaeoenvironment reconstruction of the well-known Yanliao Flora in East Asia. In particular, the silicified wood is very abundant in the fossil Lagerst?tte of the Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation in Beipiao, western liaoning. Previous and recent systematic investigations documented a high diversity of the Jurassic wood assemblages. These assemblages are dominated by conifers, followed by cycads and *** total, about 30 species belonging to 21 genera of fossil wood have been recorded so far, which are represented by Cycadopsida, Ginkgopsida, Coniferopsida, and Gymnospermae incertae sedis. The evolutionary implications of several distinctive fossil wood taxa as well as palaeoclimate implications are summarized based on their anatomical structures and growth ring patterns. This work approaches the vegetation development and evolutionary significances of the wood taxa and their relatives, and provides clues for the further understanding of the diversity of the Jurassic Yanliao Flora in East Asia.

关键词： Fossil wood Diversity Evolution Tiaojishan Formation Jurassic

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Field Excursion Introduction for IGCP 679 1<sup>st</sup>International Symposium: Progress in Cretaceous geology in Shandong Province, china

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Open Journal of geology 2019年第10期9卷 722-725页

作者： Kemin Xu Gang li Zhenguo Ning Youping wang Jie qin Fuzhong Zhang Xiuzhang li Xueqiang Zhu institute of geology Shandong Institute of Geological Survey Jinan China state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Nanjing China

The non-marine Cretaceous sequences are well developed in the relict basins, i.e. the Luxi basin in the west, and the Jiaolai basin in the east of Shandong Province. The Lower Cretaceous Santai Formation (140 - 136 Ma) in the Luxi basin contains aeolian dune deposits, which were formed under the control by westerly. The Cretaceous strata of the Jiaolai basin are divided into three groups: i.e. in ascending order, the Laiyang, qingshan and wangshi groups. New SHRIMP zircon U-Pb radiometric dating data demonstrated six Cretaceous volcanism episodes. The lower part of the wangshi Group should be assigned to the upper Lower Cretaceous. An Ir anomaly recovered in the lower Jiaozhou Formation suggests that the Cretaceous/Palaeogene boundary would be in the interval between 537.3 - 537.4 m in the borehole JK1. At last the detailed information about the pre-symposium field excursion was introduced.

关键词： Cretaceous lithostratigrphy Chronostratigraphy Shandong Province china

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浙东中新世菱属果实化石的数量分类

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地学前缘 2020年第4期27卷 110-123页

作者：肖良王兴李雪梅李相传贾慧孙楠梁嘉琪王钦李江啸雍媛媛长安大学地球科学与资源学院陕西西安710054 中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院陕西西安710018 西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院陕西西安710065 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室江苏南京210008 西北大学陕西省早期生命与环境重点实验室陕西西安710069

在浙东天台晚中新世嵊县组发现大量菱属果实化石。该化石保存完好,特征丰富。由于其种类多、性状冗杂不明显,菱属植物的鉴定与分类一直存在很大争议。本研究基于菱属果实化石性状特征多、便于测量记录的特点,通过聚类分析和主成分分析... 详细信息

在浙东天台晚中新世嵊县组发现大量菱属果实化石。该化石保存完好,特征丰富。由于其种类多、性状冗杂不明显,菱属植物的鉴定与分类一直存在很大争议。本研究基于菱属果实化石性状特征多、便于测量记录的特点,通过聚类分析和主成分分析等数值统计方法对菱属果实进行鉴别、归类,寻找鉴定分类中的指导性性状。首先,利用上述方法对现生菱属果实进行数量分析,取得了较好结果。然后,采用同样方法对菱属果实化石进行研究,认为聚类分析和主成分分析法能够对化石种进行有效的鉴定分类,可以成功剔除冗余性状。最后,研究得出果体形状、是否有果冠、果冠是否外翻、顶部形态、肩角生长方向、腰角生长方向、腰角长度、瘤状退化腰角数目等特征是菱属果实化石鉴定的关键性状。基于以上性状,嵊县组菱属果实化石可以分为两个类群。

关键词：中新世嵊县组菱属植物果实化石聚类分析主成分分析

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A joint call for actions to advance taxonomy in china

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Zoological Systematics 2022年第3期47卷 188-197页

作者： Chaodong Zhu Arong Luo Ming Bai Michael COrr Zhonge Hou Siqin Ge Jun Chen Yibo Hu Xuming Zhou Gexia Qiao Hongzhi Kong limin Lu Xiaohua Jin Lei Cai Xinli Wei Ruilin Zhao Wei Miao qingfeng wang Zhongli Sha Qiang lin Meng Qu Jianping Jiang Jiatang li Jing Che Xuelong Jiang Xiaoyong Chen lianming Gao Zongxin Ren Chunlei Xiang Shixiao Luo Donghui Wu Dong liu Yanqiong Peng Tao Su Chenyang Cai Tianqi Zhu Wanzhi Cai Xingyue liu Hu li Huaijun Xue Zhen Ye Xuexin Chen Pu Tang Shujun Wei Hong Pang Qiang Xie Feng Zhang Feng Zhang Xianjin Peng Aibing Zhang Taiping Gao Changfa Zhou Chen Shao libin Ma Zhaoming Wei Yunxia Luan Ziwei Yin Wu Dai Cong Wei Xiaolei Huang Jingxian liu Xiangsheng Chen Tianci Yi Zhisheng Zhang Zhulidezi Aishan qin li Hongying Hu CAS key laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS key laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China state key laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China state key laboratory of Mycology(SKLM) Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS key laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China Wuhan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy&Phylogeny Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China CAS key laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China CAS key laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation key laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China state key laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution&Yunnan key laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Security of Gaoligong Mountain Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650221China CAS key laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China CAS key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China CAS key laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China CAS key laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunMenglaYunnan 66630

Taxonomy plays an important role in understanding the origin, evolution, and ecological functionality of biodiversity. There are large number of unknown species yet to be described by taxonomists, which together with their ecosystem services cannot be effectively protected prior to description. Despite this, taxonomy has been increasingly underrated insufficient funds and permanent positions to retain young talents. Further, the impact factordriven evaluation systems in china exacerbate this downward trend, so alternative evaluation metrics are urgently necessary. When the current generation of outstanding taxonomists retires,there will be too few remaining taxonomists left to train the next generation. In light of these challenges, all co-authors worked together on this paper to analyze the current situation of taxonomy and put out a joint call for immediate actions to advance taxonomy in china.

关键词： Endangered taxonomists morphology-based taxonomy integrative taxonomy capacity building systematics

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中生代化石森林的高精度重建：方法、进展与展望

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古生物学报 2018年第3期57卷 372-386页

作者：谢奥伟王永栋田宁蒋子堃谢小平李丽琴席书娜柳伟波邓春涛中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室暨中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心南京210008 中国科学院大学北京100049 沈阳师范大学古生物学院沈阳110034 中国地质科学院北京100037 国土资源部东北亚古生物演化重点实验室沈阳110034 曲阜师范大学地理与旅游学院山东日照276826 四川省煤田地质局137队地质遗迹研究院成都610072 四川省地质矿产勘查开发局化探队四川德阳618000

木化石对于重建地史时期陆地森林生态系统以及恢复古生态环境和古气候具有重要意义。近20年来,国内外在中生代木化石森林重建的理论创新及实践研究方面已有一系列积累并取得了重要进展,为地史时期古森林群落的重建提供了依据。文中重点... 详细信息

木化石对于重建地史时期陆地森林生态系统以及恢复古生态环境和古气候具有重要意义。近20年来,国内外在中生代木化石森林重建的理论创新及实践研究方面已有一系列积累并取得了重要进展,为地史时期古森林群落的重建提供了依据。文中重点介绍高精度化石森林重建的方法,包括野外信息采集、后期数据处理及软件运用等,并基于四川、重庆及新疆等地侏罗系中保存完好的木化石,开展高精度化石森林重建,揭示和重建侏罗纪不同时期森林植被的总体面貌,进而推断和探究古气候变化以及古生态和古地理环境。

关键词：木化石化石森林高精度重建方法中生代四川盆地

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