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China's pre-2020 CO2 emission reduction potential and its influence

Frontiers in Energy 2019年第3期13卷 571-578页

作者： hailin wang Jiankun HE Institute of Energy Environment and Economy Institute of Climate Change and Sustainable DevelopmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute of Energy Environment and Economy Modem Management Research CenterInstitute of Climate Change and Sustainable DevelopmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

China achieved the reduction of CO2 intensity of GDP by 45% compared with 2005 at the end of 2017, realizing the commitment at 2009 Copenhagen Conference on emissions reduction 3 years ahead of time. In future implementation of the "13th Five-Year Plan (FYP)," with the decline of economic growth rate, decrease of energy consumption elasticity and optimization of energy structure, the CO2 intensity of GDP will still have the potential for decreasing before 2020. By applying KAYA Formula decomposition, this paper makes the historical statistics of the GDP energy intensity decrease and CO2 intensity of energy consumption since 2005, and simulates the decrease of CO2 intensity of GDP in 2020 and its influences on achieving National Determined Contribution (NDC) target in 2030 with scenario analysis. The results show that China's CO2 intensity of GDP in 2020 is expected to fall by 52.9%-54.4% than the 2005 level, and will be 22.9%-25.4% lower than 2015. Therefore, it is likely to overfulfill the decrease of CO2 intensity of GDP by 18% proposed in the 13th FYP period. Furthermore, the emission reduction potentiality before 2020 will be conducive to the earlier realization of NDC objectives in 2030. China's CO2 intensity of GDP in 2030 will fall by over 70% than that in 2005, and CO2 emissions peak will appear before 2030 as early as possible. To accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy, China needs to make better use of the carbon market, and guide the whole society with carbon price to reduce emissions effectively. At the same time, China should also study the synergy of policy package so as to achieve the target of emission reduction.

关键词： China's National Determined Contribution emission reduction potential scenario analysis CO2 emissions peak

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Chaotic ray dynamics enables photonics with broadband light

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2018年第1期61卷 78-79页

作者： hailin wang Jens Nockel Department of Physics University of Oregon Eugene OR 97403 USA

Propagation of sound waves through reflections along a curved surface was first theoretically analyzed by Lord Rayleigh to explain the whispering gallery waves in St. Paul＇s Cathedral in London. Similar whispering gallery sound waves are now a popular tourist attraction at the Echo Wall of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing. Whispering gallery phenomena also exist for light waves in dielectric spheres, disks, or toroids where total internal reflection allows the light to circulate with little attenuation and interfere with itself to form optical resonances or modes. These ＂whisper- ing gallery modes＂ have found applications ranging from photonics, quantum physics, biosensing, to optical clocks [1,2].

关键词： Chaotic ray dynamics enables photonics broadband light

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Tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone induces apoptosis of mouse embryonic stem cells

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第1期29卷 5-12页

作者： Cuiping Li Fengbang wang hailin wang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China.

Pentachlorophenol（PCP） is a widespread,persistent environmental contaminant,and it is enzymatically activated to form a reactive metabolite,tetrachloro-l,4-benzoquinone（TCBQ）.To our knowledge,there is no information about TCBQ toxicity on embryonic stem ***,we demonstrated that TCBQ induced significantly apoptosis of mouse embryonic stem cells in a concentration-dependent *** also showed that TCBQ elevated genomic5-hydroxymethylcytosine（5hmC） by affecting ten-eleven translocation（Tet） dioxygenases in mouse embryonic stem *** further investigated whether Tet dioxygenases were implicated in TCBQ-induced *** depleting all three dioxygenases（Tet1-3）,we found that Tet dioxygenases slightly inhibited both early and late apoptosis induced by TCBQ at a low concentration（30 μmol/L）.Meanwhile,treated by TCBQ at higher concentrations（40and 50 μmol/L）,the total percentage of apoptotic cells was not affected by Tet ***,Tet dioxygenases tended to arrest mouse ES cells to be at early apoptotic stage and to reduce the cells to enter later apoptotic *** results indicate that Tet dioxygenases play a role in shaping TCBQ-induced apoptosis in mouse embryonic stem *** study provides new insights into the toxicology of PCP and its reactive metabolite TCBQ.

关键词： Tetrachloro-1 4-benzoquinone Ten-eleven translocation 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Early apoptosis Late apoptosis

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Optomechanical interfaces for hybrid quantum networks

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National Science Review 2015年第4期2卷 510-519页

作者： Chunhua Dong Yingdan wang hailin wang Key Laboratory of Quantum Information Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics and Oregon Center for Optics University of Oregon

Recent advances on optical control of mechanical motion in an optomechanical resonator have stimulated strong interests in exploring quantum behaviors of otherwise classical, macroscopic mechanical systems and especially in exploiting mechanical degrees of freedom for applications in quantum information *** an optomechanical resonator, an optically- active mechanical mode can couple to any of the optical resonances supported by the resonator via radiation pressure. his unique property leads to a remarkable phenomenon: mechanically-mediated conversion of optical ields between vastly diferent wavelengths. he resulting optomechanical interfaces can play a special role in a hybrid quantum network, enabling quantum communication between disparate quantum systems. In this review, we introduce the basic concepts of optomechanical interactions and discuss recent theoretical and experimental progresses in this ield. A particular emphasis is on taking advantage of mechanical degrees of freedom, while avoiding detrimental efects of thermal mechanical motion.

关键词： cavity optomechanics radiation pressure quantum networks quantum optics quantum state transfer

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Study of DDT and its derivatives DDD, DDE adsorption and degradation over Fe-SBA-15 at low temperature

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第3期24卷 536-540页

作者： hailin wang Hua Tian Zhengping Hao Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Mesoporous SBA-15 with different Fe2O3 loading were synthesized by an in-situ coating progress for removals of dichlorodiphenyl- trichloroethane （DDT） and its derivatives, i.e., 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis-（p-chlorophenyl）ethane （DDD） and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis-（4-chloro -phenyl） ethane （DDE）. The results from XRD （X-ray diffractometer）, TEM （transmission electron microscopy） indicated that the iron could be well dispersed on SBA-15 within 6 wt.% Fe2O3 loading. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption tests indicated that the synthesized materials were characterized by ordered meso-structure, high surface area and large pore volume. DDTs were removed from aqueous media in 12-hr treatment and high removal efficiency of DDTs was achieved at over 94%. DDTs could be completely degraded at 350°C under the existence of SBA-15 with 4 wt.% Fe2O3 loading. The final degradation products of DDT were dichlorobenzophenone （DCB） and bis-（4-chloro-phenyl） methane （DDM）, suggesting a complete dechlorination from trichloromethyl.

关键词： DDTs SBA-15 iron adsorption catalytic dechlorination

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Profiling of the assembly of RecA nucleofilaments implies a potential target for environmental factors to disturb DNA repair

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第4期33卷 283-290页

作者： Zheng Yuan Fangzhi Yu Dapeng Zhang hailin wang Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Environment and Health Jianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China Institute of Environment and Health Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 430056China

Double-strand breaks(DSBs),one class of the most harmful DNA damage forms that bring elevated health risks,need to be repaired timely and ***,an increasing number of environmental pollutants have been identified to impair DSB repair from various *** previous work indicated that the formation of unsaturated Rec A nucleofilaments plays an essential role in homology recombination(HR) pathway which can accurately repair *** this study,by developing a benzonase cutting protection assay and combining it with traditional electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA) analysis,we further investigated the assembly patterns of four Rec A mutants that display differential DSB repair ability and ATPase *** observed that the mutants(G204S and S69G) possessing both ATP hydrolysis and DSB repair activities form unsaturated nucleofilaments similar to that formed by the wild type Rec A,whereas the other two ATP hydrolysis-deficient mutants(K72R and E96D) that fail to mediate HR form more compacted nucleofilaments in the presence of *** results establish a coupling of ATPase activity and effective DSB repair ability via the assembly status of Rec A *** linkage provides a potential target for environmental factors to disturb the essential HR pathway for DSB repair by suppressing the ATPase activity and altering the assembly pattern of nucleofilaments.

关键词： DNA double-strand breaks(DSBs) RecA assembly Homology recombination(HR) ATP hydrolysis DNA damage repair Environmental health

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An E. coli SOS-EGFP biosensor for fast and sensitive detection of DNA damaging agents

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第3期24卷 541-549页

作者： Zhilan Chen Meiling Lu Dandan Zou hailin wang Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

An E. coli SOS-EGFP biosensor which expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein as a reporter protein under the control of recA gene promoter in SOS response was constructed for detection of DNA damage and evaluation of DNA damaging chemicals. The chemicals that may cause substantial DNA damage will trigger SOS response in the constructed bacterial biosensor, and then the reporter egfp gene under the control of recA promoter is stimulated to express as a fluorescent protein, allowing fast and sensitive fluorescence detection. Interestingly, this biosensor can be simultaneously applied for evaluation of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. The SOS-EGFP bacterial biosensor provides a sensitive, specific and simple method for detecting known and potential DNA damaging chemicals.

关键词： bacterial biosensor detection DNA damage genotoxins SOS response

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Effects of metal and acidic sites on the reaction by-products of butyl acetate oxidation over palladium-based catalysts

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第3期26卷 702-707页

作者： Lin Yue Chi He Zhengping Hao Shunbing wang hailin wang Department of Environmental Nano-materials Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences The Administrative Center for China's Agenda 21 National Urban Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Techniques Research Center Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection

Catalytic oxidation is widely used in pollution control technology to remove volatile organic compounds. In this study, Pd/ZSM-5 catalysts with different Pd contents and acidic sites were prepared via the impregnation method. All the catalysts were characterized by means of N2 adsorption- desorption, X-ray fluorescence （XRF）, HE temperature programmed reduction （H2-TPR）, and NH3 temperature programmed desorption （NH3-TPD）. Their catalytic performance was investigated in the oxidation of butyl acetate experiments. The by-products of the reaction were collected in thermal desorption tubes and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. It was found that the increase of Pd content slightly changed the catalytic activity of butyl acetate oxidation according to the yield of CO2 achieved at 90%, but decreased the cracking by-products, whereas the enhancement of strong acidity over Pd-based catalysts enriched the by-product species. The butyl acetate oxidation process involves a series of reaction steps including protolysis, dehydrogenation, dehydration, cracking, and isomerization. Generally, butyl acetate was cracked to acetic acid and 2- methylpropene and the latter was an intermediate of the other by-products, and the oxidation routes of typical by-products were proposed. Trace amounts of 3-methylpentane, hexane, 2-methylpentane, pentane, and 2-methylbutane originated from iso4merization and protolysis reactions.

关键词： catalytic oxidation butyl acetate reaction by-product Pd/ZSM-5 VOCs

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Elevated 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in genome of T24 bladder cancer cells induced by halobenzoquinones

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第1期30卷 133-139页

作者： Tian Xu Junfa Yin Shaokun Chen Dapeng Zhang hailin wang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Centre for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy ofSciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Halobenzoquinones（HBQs） are an emerging class of halogenated disinfection byproducts（DBPs） in drinking water, which raised public concerns due to potential carcinogenic effects to human bladder. Our previous work demonstrated that HBQs and hydrogen peroxide（H_2O_2）together generated oxidative DNA damage via a metal-independent and intercalationenhanced oxidation mechanism in vitro. This study further investigated the efficiency of various HBQs to induce oxidative DNA damage in T24 bladder cancer cells. Compared with T24 cells without treatment（3.1 lesions per 10~6 d G）, the level of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine（8-oxod G） significantly increased by 1.4, 3.2, 8.8, and 9.2 times after treatment with tetrabromo-1,4-benzoquinone（TBBQ）, terachloro-1,4-benzoquinone（TCBQ）,2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone（2,6-DCBQ） and 2,5-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone（2,5-DCBQ） for24 hr, respectively. Interestingly, we found that the oxidative potency of HBQs in T24 cells（2,5-DCBQ ≈ 2,6-DCBQ 〉 TCBQ 〉 TBBQ） is inconsistent with that of in vitro ds DNA oxidation（TCBQ 〉 TBBQ 〉 2,5-DCBQ 〉 2,6-DCBQ）, suggesting HBQs induce oxidative lesions in cellular genomic DNA probably involved with a complex mechanism.

关键词： Halobenzoquinones Reactive oxygen species Oxidative DNA damage 8-Oxo-7 8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine(8-oxodG)

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Engineered SNAP-MBD2b proteins for specific recognition of methylated DNA

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Science China Chemistry 2014年第7期57卷 1019-1025页

作者： ZOU DanDan wang XiaoLi CHEN ZhiLan ZHANG DaPeng wang hailin State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences

Methyl-CpG-binding domain （MBD） proteins can specifically recognize and bind methylated CpG sites of DNA, thus repress gene transcription. In this study, we designed and expressed two recombinant proteins, MBD2b and SNAP-MBD2b, in E. coli. An optimized protocol was developed to purify the proteins using Ni-NTA affinity cartridge and cation exchange resin. The engineered proteins purified by this method exhibited more than 93% purity and high binding avidity. We found that both SNAP-MBD2b and MBD2b were prone to aggregate during dialysis. However, this could be prevented by the use of 0.3 mol/L NaCI. The fusion of SNAP-tag with MBD2b significantly enhanced the expression of MBD2b protein in E. coli and reduced the adsorption of MBD2b on solid interfaces involved in protein purification and immobilization. The engineered proteins can be used for the study of interaction with methylated DNA and the assays for DNA methylation.

关键词： methylated DNA MBD2b SNAP-MBD2b SNAP-tag histidine-tagged affinity chromatography (AC) cation exchangechromatography (CXC)

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