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Enhanced hepatic metabolic perturbation of polystyrene nanoplastics by UV irradiation-induced hydroxyl radical generation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 259-268页

作者： Shiyu He Jingran wang Lihong Zhou Zhen Mao Xiaodan Zhang Jin Cai Peili Huang School of Public Health and Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

The environmental behavior of and risks associated with nanoplastics(NPs)have attracted considerable ***,compared to pristine NPs,environmental factors such as ultraviolet(UV)irradiation that lead to changes in the toxicity of NPs have rarely been *** evaluated the changes in morphology and physicochemical properties of polystyrene(PS)NPs before and after UV irradiation,and compared their hepatotoxicity in *** results showed that UV irradiation caused particle size reduction and increased the carbonyl index(CI)and negative charge on the particle ***-aged PS NPs(aPS NPs)could induce the generation of hydroxyl radicals(·OH),but also further promoted the generation of·OH in the Fenton reaction *** pathological damage was more severe in mice exposed to aPS NPs,accompanied by a large number of vacuoles and hepatocyte balloon-like changes and more marked perturbations in blood glucose and serum lipoprotein,alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase *** addition,exposure to PS NPs and aPS NPs,especially aPS NPs,triggered oxidative stress and significantly damaged the antioxidant capacity of mice *** with PS NPs,exposure to aPS NPs increased the number of altered metabolites in hepatic and corresponding metabolic pathways,especially glutathione *** research suggests that UV irradiation can disrupt the redox balance in organisms by promoting the production of·OH,enhancing PS NPs-induced liver damage and metabolic *** study will help us understand the health risks of NPs and to avoid underestimation of the risks of NPs in nature.

关键词： Polystyrene nanoplastics Ultraviolet-aged nanoplastics Metabolic pathway Metabolomics Hydroxyl radical

Dual carbon goal and agriculture in China:Exploring key factors influencing farmers’behavior in adopting low carbon technologies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3215-3233页

作者： Jinpeng Zou Lulin Shen Fang wang Hong Tang Ziyang Zhou College of Management Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

Identifying the factors influencing farmers’adoption of low-carbon technologies(FA)and understanding their impacts are essential for shaping effective agricultural policies amied at emission reduction and carbon sequestration in *** study employs a meta-analysis of 122 empirical studies,delves into 23 driving factors affecting FA and addresses the inconsistencies present in the existing *** systematically examine the effect size,source of heterogeneity,and time-accumulation effect of the driving factors on *** find that significant heterogeneity in the factors influencing FA,except for farming experience,sources of heterogeneity from the survey zone,methodology model,technological attributes,report source,financial support,and the sampling ***,age,farming experience,and adoption cost negatively correlate with *** contrast,educational level,health status,technical training,economic and welfare cognition,land contract,soil quality,terrain,information accessibility,demonstration,government promotion,government regulation,government support,agricultural cooperatives member,peer effect,and agricultural income ratio demonstrate a positive ***,demonstration and age show a particularly strong ***,the effect of demonstration,age,economic and welfare cognition,farming experience,land contract,soil quality,information accessibility,government promotion,and support,as well as agricultural cooperative membership and peer effects on FA,are generally stable but exhibit varying degrees of attenuation over *** effect of village cadre,family income,farm scale,gender,health status,technical training,and off-farm work on FA show notable temporal shifts and maintain a weak correlation with *** study contributes to shaping China’s current low-carbon agriculture policies across various *** encourages policymakers to comprehensively consider the stability of key factors,other potential factors,technologic

关键词： farmers influencing factors low-carbon technology adoption meta-analysis

Single-atom alloys prepared by two-step thermal evaporation

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2808-2813页

作者： Honglin wang Jing Li Meirong Huang Jizhe Cui Zhiying Cheng Rong Yu Hongwei Zhu State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Lab of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials Beijing Building Materials Academy of Science ResearchBeijing 100041China

Single-atom alloys(SAAs)have gained significant attention due to their remarkable atomic utilization efficiency,interactions between single atoms(SAs)and metal supports,and free-atom-like electronic structure of dopant *** this work,we observed the formation of SAs in pre-deposited metal particles by a two-step thermal evaporation technique,thereby establishing the first instance of discovering SAAs by thermal *** discovery of SAAs by thermal evaporation extends the range of SAAs preparation methods to include this traditional synthetic technique,which offers convenience,cost-efficiency,and *** formation mechanism of SAAs prepared using this technique was elucidated by density functional theory *** was demonstrated that thermal evaporation can be utilized to prepare SAAs with multiple SAs,further highlighting its universal applicability.

关键词： single-atom alloys thermal evaporation density functional theory

Economical Quadrupedal Multi-Gait Locomotion via Gait-Heuristic Reinforcement Learning

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第4期21卷 1720-1732页

作者： Lang Wei Jinzhou Zou Xi Yu Liangyu Liu Jianbin Liao Wei wang Tong Zhang School of Power and Mechanical Engineering Wuhan UniversityLuojiashanWuhan430072HubeiChina State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote SensingWuhan UniversityLuojiashanWuhan430072HubeiChina

In order to strike a balance between achieving desired velocities and minimizing energy consumption,legged animals have the ability to adopt the appropriate gait pattern and seamlessly transition to another if *** ability makes them more versatile and efficient when traversing natural terrains,and more suitable for long *** the same way,it is meaningful and important for quadruped robots to master this *** achieve this goal,we propose an effective gait-heuristic reinforcement learning framework in which multiple gait locomotion and smooth gait transitions automatically emerge to reach target velocities while minimizing energy *** incorporate a novel trajectory generator with explicit gait information as a memory mechanism into the deep reinforcement learning *** allows the quadruped robot to adopt reliable and distinct gait patterns while benefiting from a warm start provided by the trajectory ***,we investigate the key factors contributing to the emergence of multiple gait *** tested our framework on a closed-chain quadruped robot and demonstrated that the robot can change its gait patterns,such as standing,walking,and trotting,to adopt the most energy-efficient gait at a given ***,we deploy our learned controller to a quadruped robot and demonstrate the energy efficiency and robustness of our method.

关键词： Legged robots Deep reinforcement learning Central pattern generator Quadrupedal gait

In-situ additive manufacturing of high strength yet ductility titanium composites with gradient layered structure using N_(2)

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 387-409页

作者： Yunmian Xiao Changhui Song Zibin Liu Linqing Liu Hanxiang Zhou Di wang Yongqiang Yang School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641People’s Republic of China

It has always been challenging work to reconcile the contradiction between the strength and plasticity of titanium *** powder bed fusion(LPBF) is a convenient method to fabricate innovative composites including those inspired by gradient layered *** this work,we used LPBF to selectively prepare Ti N/Ti gradient layered structure(GLSTi)composites by using different N_(2)–Ar ratios during the LPBF *** systematically investigated the mechanisms of in-situ synthesis Ti N,high strength and ductility of GLSTi composites using microscopic analysis,TEM characterization,and tensile testing with digital image ***,a digital correspondence was established between the N_(2) concentration and the volume fraction of LPBF in-situ synthesized Ti *** results show that the GLSTi composites exhibit superior mechanical properties compared to pure titanium fabricated by LPBF under pure ***,the tensile strength of GLSTi was more than 1.5times higher than that of LPBF-formed pure titanium,reaching up to 1100 MPa,while maintaining a high elongation at fracture of 17%.GLSTi breaks the bottleneck of high strength but low ductility exhibited by conventional nanoceramic particle-strengthened titanium matrix composites,and the hetero-deformation induced strengthening effect formed by the Ti N/Ti layered structure explained its strength-plasticity balanced *** microhardness exhibits a jagged variation of the relatively low hardness of 245 HV0.2 for the pure titanium layer and a high hardness of 408 HV0.2 for the N_(2) in-situ synthesis *** study provides a new concept for the structure-performance digital customization of 3D-printed Ti-based composites.

关键词： laser powder bed fusion layered structure composites in-situ synthesis TiN strength-plasticity synergy

Efficient stochastic parallel gradient descent training for on-chip optical processor

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第4期7卷 5-15页

作者： Yuanjian Wan Xudong Liu Guangze Wu Min Yang Guofeng Yan Yu Zhang Jian wang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Optics Valley Laboratory Wuhan 430074China

In recent years,space-division multiplexing(SDM)technology,which involves transmitting data information on multiple parallel channels for efficient capacity scaling,has been widely used in fiber and free-space optical communication *** enable flexible data management and cope with the mixing between different channels,the integrated reconfig-urable optical processor is used for optical switching and mitigating the channel ***,efficient online train-ing becomes intricate and challenging,particularly when dealing with a significant number of *** we use the stochastic parallel gradient descent(SPGD)algorithm to configure the integrated optical processor,which has less com-putation than the traditional gradient descent(GD)*** design and fabricate a 6×6 on-chip optical processor on silicon platform to implement optical switching and descrambling assisted by the online training with the SPDG ***,we apply the on-chip processor configured by the SPGD algorithm to optical communications for optical switching and efficiently mitigating the channel crosstalk in SDM *** comparison with the traditional GD al-gorithm,it is found that the SPGD algorithm features better performance especially when the scale of matrix is large,which means it has the potential to optimize large-scale optical matrix computation acceleration chips.

关键词： optical communications optical signal processing channel descrambling optical neural network chip silicon photonics

A function-based behavioral modeling method for air combat simulation

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第4期35卷 945-954页

作者： wang Tao ZHU Zhi ZHOU Xin JING Tian CHEN Wei College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Institute of Communication and Navigation Air Force Research AcademyBeijing 100085China

Today’s air combat has reached a high level of uncertainty where continuous or discrete variables with crisp values cannot be properly represented using fuzzy sets. With a set of membership functions, fuzzy logic is well-suited to tackle such complex states and actions. However, it is not necessary to fuzzify the variables that have definite discrete ***, the aim of this study is to improve the level of model abstraction by proposing multiple levels of cascaded hierarchical structures from the perspective of function, namely, the functional decision tree. This method is developed to represent behavioral modeling of air combat systems, and its metamodel,execution mechanism, and code generation can provide a sound basis for function-based behavioral modeling. As a proof of concept, an air combat simulation is developed to validate this method and the results show that the fighter Alpha built using the proposed framework provides better performance than that using default scripts.

关键词： air combat behavioral modeling intelligent agent

Potassium dehydroandrographolide succinate regulates the MyD88/CDH13 signaling pathway to enhance vascular injuryinduced pathological vascular remodeling

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第1期22卷 62-74页

作者： GUO Qiru LI Jiali wang Zheng WU Xiao JIN Zhong ZHU Song LI Hongfei ZHANG Delai HU wangming XU Huan YANG Lan SHI Liangqin wang Yong College of Basic Medicine Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610000China Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610000China

Pathological vascular remodeling is a hallmark of various vascular *** research has established the significance of andrographolide in maintaining gastric vascular homeostasis and its pivotal role in modulating endothelial barrier dysfunction,which leads to pathological vascular *** dehydroandrographolide succinate(PDA),a derivative of andrographolide,has been clinically utilized in the treatment of inflammatory diseases precipitated by viral *** study investigates the potential of PDA in regulating pathological vascular *** effect of PDA on vascular remodeling was assessed through the complete ligation of the carotid artery in C57BL/6 *** approaches,including rat aortic primary smooth muscle cell culture,flow cytometry,bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)incorporation assay,Boyden chamber cell migration assay,spheroid sprouting assay,and Matrigel-based tube formation assay,were employed to evaluate the influence of PDA on the proliferation and motility of smooth muscle cells(SMCs).Molecular docking simulations and co-immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to examine protein *** results revealed that PDA exacerbates vascular injury-induced pathological remodeling,as evidenced by enhanced neointima *** treatment significantly increased the proliferation and migration of *** mechanistic studies disclosed that PDA upregulated myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)expression in SMCs and interacted with T-cadherin(CDH13).This interaction augmented proliferation,migration,and extracellular matrix deposition,culminating in pathological vascular *** findings underscore the critical role of PDA in the regulation of pathological vascular remodeling,mediated through the MyD88/CDH13 signaling pathway.

关键词： Potassium dehydroandrographolide succinate Smooth muscle cell Myeloid differentiation factor 88 T-cadherin Pathological vascular remodeling

Synergistic effect of Zr and Mo on precipitation and high-temperature properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 71-81页

作者： Chao Gao Bing-rong Zhang Yin-ming Li Zhi-ming wang Xiang-bin Meng Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China Hebei Ounai Machinery Mould Co.Ltd. Xingtai 054500HebeiChina

This study focuses on finding a solution to the sharp decline in mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys due to rapid coarsening of traditional intermediate phases at high temperature.A new type of modified al oy,to be used in automobile engines at high temperatures,was prepared by adding Zr and Mo into Al-Si-Cu-Mg *** synergistic effects of Zr and Mo on the microstructure evolution and high-temperature mechanical properties were *** show that the addition of Zr and Mo generates a series of intermetallic phases dispersed in the *** can improve the strength of the alloy by hindering dislocation movement and crack *** addition,some nano-strengthened phases show coherent interfaces with the matrix and improve grain *** addition of Mo greatly improves the heat resistance of the *** extremely low diffusivity of Mo enables it to improve the thermal stability of the intermetallic phases,inhibit precipitation during aging,reduce the size of the precipitates,and improve the heat resistance of the alloy.

关键词： Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy high-temperature properties Zr-Mo-rich intermetallics nano-strengthening phases