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A novel method for clustering cellular data to improve classification

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2697-2705页

作者： Diek w.wheeler Giorgio A.Ascoli Center for Neural Informatics Structures&PlasticityKrasnow Institute for Advanced Study Bioengineering Department Volgenau School of Engineering George Mason University FairfaxVAUSA

Many fields,such as neuroscience,are experiencing the vast prolife ration of cellular data,underscoring the need fo r organizing and interpreting large datasets.A popular approach partitions data into manageable subsets via hierarchical clustering,but objective methods to determine the appropriate classification granularity are *** recently introduced a technique to systematically identify when to stop subdividing clusters based on the fundamental principle that cells must differ more between than within *** we present the corresponding protocol to classify cellular datasets by combining datadriven unsupervised hierarchical clustering with statistical *** general-purpose functions are applicable to any cellular dataset that can be organized as two-dimensional matrices of numerical values,including molecula r,physiological,and anatomical *** demonstrate the protocol using cellular data from the Janelia MouseLight project to chara cterize morphological aspects of neurons.

关键词： cellular data clustering dendrogram data classification Levene's one-tailed statistical test unsupervised hierarchical clustering

Genistein:a possible solution for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2903-2905页

作者： Karolina Pierzynowska Bartosz Karaszewski Grzegorz węgrzyn Department of Molecular Biology University of GdanskGdanskPoland Gdansk Polandand Department of Adult NeurologyFaculty of MedicineMedical University of GdanskGdanskPoland

Neurodegenerative diseases are defined as disorders resulting from the slow and progressive loss of function and eventual death of neural cells that result from the primary pathology of nervous *** can lead to severe nervous system dysfunction,eventually affecting multiple organs and *** hundred neurodegenerative diseases have been described,and owing to their prevalence,severity.

关键词： organs Alzheimer death

Glia-to-neuron reprogramming to the rescue?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1395-1396页

作者： Jack w.Hickmott Cindi M.Morshead Department of Surgery University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research TorontoONCanada Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada the KItE Research Institute Toronto Rehabilitation InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada

Over the last two decades,the dogma that cell fate is immutable has been increasingly challenged,with important implications for regenerative *** brea kth rough discovery that induced pluripotent stem cells could be generated from adult mouse fibroblasts is powerful proof that cell fate can be *** exciting extension of the discovery of cell fate impermanence is the direct cellular reprogram ming hypothesis-that terminally differentiated cells can be reprogrammed into other adult cell fates without first passing through a stem cell state.

关键词： programming passing proof

Dynamic modeling of a three-dimensional braided composite thin plate considering braiding directions

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 123-138页

作者： Chentong GAO Huiyu SUN Jianping GU w.M.HUANG College of Aerospace Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Institute of Technology

Currently, there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions, despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D) braided composites into rotating blade components. In this paper, a dynamic model of 3D 4-directional braided composite thin plates considering braiding directions is established. Based on Kirchhoff's plate assumptions, the displacement variables of the plate are expressed. By incorporating the braiding directions into the constitutive equation of the braided composites, the dynamic model of the plate considering braiding directions is obtained. the effects of the speeds, braiding directions, and braided angles on the responses of the plate with fixed-axis rotation and translational motion, respectively, are investigated. this paper presents a dynamic theory for calculating the deformation of 3D braided composite structures undergoing both translational and rotational motions. It also provides a simulation method for investigating the dynamic behavior of non-isotropic material plates in various applications.

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Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived therapies for regeneration after central nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3063-3075页

作者： Stephen Vidman Yee Hang Ethan Ma Nolan Fullenkamp Giles w.Plant Department of Neuroscience Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

In recent years,the progression of stem cell therapies has shown great promise in advancing the nascent field of regenerative *** the non-regenerative nature of the mature central nervous system,the concept that“blank”cells could be reprogrammed and functionally integrated into host neural networks remained *** work has also demonstrated the ability of such cells to stimulate intrinsic growth programs in post-mitotic cells,such as *** embryonic stem cells demonstrated great potential in treating central nervous system pathologies,ethical and technical concerns *** barriers,along with the clear necessity for this type of treatment,ultimately prompted the advent of induced pluripotent stem *** advantage of pluripotent cells in central nervous system regeneration is multifaceted,permitting differentiation into neural stem cells,neural progenitor cells,glia,and various neuronal *** precise spatiotemporal application of extrinsic growth factors in vitro,in addition to microenvironmental signaling in vivo,influences the efficiency of this directed *** the pluri-or multipotency of these cells is appealing,it also poses the risk of unregulated differentiation and teratoma *** of the neuroectodermal lineage,such as neuronal subpopulations and glia,have been explored with varying degrees of *** the risk of cancer or teratoma formation is greatly reduced,each subpopulation varies in effectiveness and is influenced by a myriad of factors,such as the timing of the transplant,pathology type,and the ratio of accompanying progenitor ***,successful transplantation requires innovative approaches to develop delivery vectors that can mitigate cell death and support ***,host immune responses to allogeneic grafts must be thoroughly characterized and further developed to reduce the need for *** to a clinical setting wi

关键词： axon regeneration central nervous system regeneration induced pluripotent stem cells neurotrauma regenerative medicine spinal cord injury stem cell therapy

Stochastic particle based models for suspended particle movement in surface flows

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2014年第2期29卷 195-207页

作者： Christina w.tSAI Chuanjian MAN Jungsun oh Department of Civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringState University of New York at BuffaloBuffaloNY 14051USA Assoc.Prof. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University

Modeling of suspended sediment particle movement in surface water can be achieved by stochastic particle tracking model *** this paper,different mathematical forms of particle tracking models are introduced to describe particle movement under various flow conditions,i.e.,the stochastic diffusion process,stochastic jump process,and stochastic jump diffusion *** the stochastic diffusion process can be used to represent the stochastic movement of suspended particles in turbulent flows,the stochastic jump and the stochastic jump diffusion processes can be used to describe suspended particle movement in the occurrences of a sequence of extreme *** extreme flow herein is defined as a hydrologic flow event or a hydrodynamic flow phenomenon with a low probability of occurrence and a high impact on its ambient flow *** this paper,the suspended sediment particle is assumed to immediately follow the extreme flows in the jump process(*** time lag between the flow particle and the sediment particle in extreme flows is considered negligible).In the proposed particle tracking models,a random term mainly caused by fluid eddy motions is modeled as a wiener process,while the random occurrences of a sequence of extreme flows can be modeled as a Poisson *** frequency of occurrence of the extreme flows in the proposed particle tracking model can be explicitly accounted for by the Poisson process when evaluating particle *** ensemble mean and variance of particle trajectory can be obtained from the proposed stochastic models via *** ensemble mean and variance of particle velocity are verified with available *** of the proposed stochastic particle tracking models for sediment transport modeling is also discussed.

关键词： Suspended sediment Particle tracking model Stochastic modeling Diffusion process Poisson jump process Jump diffusion process Extreme flows

transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN t.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

this paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. the influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. to depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).the effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

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Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of vortices in high temperature superconductors

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Frontiers of physics 2011年第4期6卷 450-462页

作者： A. M. Mounce S. oh w. P. Halperin Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA

the distinct distribution of local magnetic fields due to superconducting vortices can be detected with nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） and used to investigate vortices and related physical properties of extreme type II superconductivity. this review summarizes work on high temperature superconductors （HtS） including cuprates and pnictide materials. Recent experimental results are presented which reveal the nature of vortex matter and novel electronic states. For example, the NMR spectrum has been found to provide a sharp indication of the vortex melting transition. In the vortex solid a frequency dependent spin-lattice relaxation has been reported in cuprates, including YBa2Cu3Ot-x, Bi2SrCa2Cu2O8＋δ, and t12Ba2CuO6＋5. these results have initiated a new spectroscopy via Doppler shifted nodal quasiparticles for the investigation of vortices. At very high magnetic fields this approach is a promising method for the study of vortex core excitations. these measurements have been used to quantify an induced spin density wave near the vortex cores in Bi2SrCa2Cu2Os＋δ. Although the cuprates have a different superconducting order parameter than the iron arsenide superconductors there are, nonetheless, some striking similarities between them regarding vortex dynamics and frequency dependent relaxation.

关键词： nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) superconductor vortex Doppler effect

Environmental Problems From tea Cultivation in Japan and a Control Measure Using Calcium Cyanamide

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Pedosphere 2006年第6期16卷 770-777页

作者： K. oh t. KAtO LI Zhong-Pei LI Fa-Yun Center for Environmental Science in Saitama Saitama 347-0115 （Japan） Jinenjou-no-kai NPO Shizuoka 451-0305 （Japan） State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） Faculty of Environmental Sciences Liaoning University Shenyang 110016 （China）

A field experiment, involving lime N (calcium cyanamide, CaCN2) fertilization as a control measure, was conducted to study environmental problems induced by long-term heavy N application in Japanese tea fields. Long-term tea cultivation caused serious soil acidification. Seventy-seven percent of the 70 tea fields investigated had soil pH values below 4.0, and 9% below 3.0, with the lowest value of 2.7. Moreover, excess N application in tea fields put a threat to plant growth, induced serious nitrate contamination to local water, and caused high nitrous oxide loss. Compared with the conventional high N application treatment (1100 kg N ha-1) without lime N, the low N application (400 kg N ha-1) with calcium cyanamide effectively stopped soil acidification as well as achieved the same or slightly higher levels in tea yield and in total N and amino acid contents of tea shoots. the application of calcium cyanamide could be a suitable fertilization for the prevention of environmental problems in tea cultivation.

关键词： calcium cyanamide nitrous oxide emissions soil acidification tea cultivation water contamination